Search results for "Learning"

Auditory discrimination profiles of speech sound changes in 6-year-old children as determined with the multi-feature MMN paradigm.

2009

Objective: A linguistic multi-feature mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm with five types of changes (vowel, vowel-duration, consonant, frequency (F0), and intensity) in Finnish syllables was used to determine speech-sound discrimination in 17 normally-developing 6-year-old children. The MMNs for vowel and vowel-duration were also recorded in an oddball condition in order to compare the two paradigms. Similar MMNs in the two paradigms would suggest that they tap the same processes. This would promote the usefulness of the more time-efficient multi-feature paradigm for future studies in children. Methods: MMNs to five deviant types were recorded in the multi-feature paradigm in which these de…

Abstraction of covariations in incidental learning and covariation bias

1997

Experiment 1 was devised to distinguish, in a given set of features composing drawn robots, those whose variations were related a priori for participants from those whose variations were a priori independent. In Expt 2, correlations were experimentally induced between a priori-related features for one group of participants (pre-primed group), and between a priori-independent features for another group {arbitrary group), in incidental learning conditions. A subsequent transfer phase revealed that participants' performances were sensitive to experimentally induced correlations in both groups. However, only the performances of the pre-primed group accurately matched the predictions of a statis…

Newborn infants' auditory system is sensitive to Western music chord categories

2013

Neural encoding of abstract rules in the audition of newborn infants has been recently demonstrated in several studies using event-related potentials (ERPs). In the present study the neural encoding of Western music chords was investigated in newborn infants. Using ERPs, we examined whether the categorizations of major vs. minor and consonance vs. dissonance are present at the level of the change-related mismatch response (MMR). Using an oddball paradigm, root minor, dissonant and inverted major chords were presented in a context of consonant root major chords. The chords were transposed to several different frequency levels, so that the deviant chords did not include a physically deviant f…

Using the Theory of Regular Functions to Formally Prove the ε-Optimality of Discretized Pursuit Learning Algorithms

2014

Learning Automata LA can be reckoned to be the founding algorithms on which the field of Reinforcement Learning has been built. Among the families of LA, Estimator Algorithms EAs are certainly the fastest, and of these, the family of Pursuit Algorithms PAs are the pioneering work. It has recently been reported that the previous proofs for e-optimality for all the reported algorithms in the family of PAs have been flawed. We applaud the researchers who discovered this flaw, and who further proceeded to rectify the proof for the Continuous Pursuit Algorithm CPA. The latter proof, though requires the learning parameter to be continuously changing, is, to the best of our knowledge, the current …

A Learning-Automata Based Solution for Non-equal Partitioning: Partitions with Common GCD Sizes

2021

The Object Migration Automata (OMA) has been used as a powerful tool to resolve real-life partitioning problems in random Environments. The virgin OMA has also been enhanced by incorporating the latest strategies in Learning Automata (LA), namely the Pursuit and Transitivity phenomena. However, the single major handicap that it possesses is the fact that the number of objects in each partition must be equal. Obviously, one does not always encounter problems with equally-sized groups (When the true underlying problem has non-equally-sized groups, the OMA reports the best equally-sized solution as the recommended partition.). This paper is the pioneering attempt to relax this constraint. It p…

Machine learning methods to forecast temperature in buildings

2013

Efficient management of energy in buildings saves a very important amount of resources (both economic and technological). As a consequence, there is a very active research in this field. One of the keys of energy management is the prediction of the variables that directly affect building energy consumption and personal comfort. Among these variables, one can highlight the temperature in each room of a building. In this work we apply different machine learning techniques along with other classical ones for predicting the temperatures in different rooms. The obtained results demonstrate the validity of these techniques for predicting temperatures and, therefore, for the establishment of optim…

Contemporary Art as a Learning Experience

2012

Abstract Art has changed a lot during the last fifty years. In spite of that, the role of art in schools has remained the same. The aim of this paper is to show the many different ways contemporary art offers itself as an environment for learning. An idea of contemporary art as a learning experience presented here is based on teacher's views on the matter. The analysis of the material shows that by concretizing the properties of artworks and the experience produced by them, arguments for seeing contemporary art both as a credible and a necessary environment of learning can be found.

Transversal Skills in Dentistry - Content and Language Integrated Learning Approach

2016

Kulttuurienvälisen tietoisuuden ja kieliasenteiden kehittyminen CLIL-opetuksessa

2018

CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) has been claimed to create a positive attitude towards languages and language learning in general and to raise intercultural awareness. The studies on the topics have however remained scarce. This study examines the issue from former pupils’ perspective. The 24 participants, who received English-medium CLIL during their comprehensive school in the 1990s, were interviewed in-depth and the data were analysed qualitatively. Most participants felt that CLIL had had a very positive effect on their attitudes towards English. However, many considered that CLIL had partly been detrimental to their attitudes towards and learning of other languages. The…

Stundu plānu modelēšana mājturības un angļu valodas integrētai mācīšanai 9.klasē

2015

Diplomdarba tēma “Stundu plānu modelēšana mājturības un angļu valodas integrētai mācīšanai 9.klasē”, jo ar mācīšanos tiek saprasta ne tikai mācību priekšmeta apguve. Jāveicina mācīšanās kopveselumā. 21.gadsimta izglītības sistēmai tiek radīti jauni izaicinājumi. CLIL pieeja veicinātu mācību priekšmetu integrēšanu un skolotāju sadarbību. Metodes: tika izanalizēti avoti par satura un valodas integrētu mācīšanu un stundu plānošanu; tika aptaujāti 9.klases skolēni; tika savākti dati – atgriezeniskā saite par stundās apgūto; tika intervētas divas skolotājas, kuras praksē pielieto CLIL; tika veikta stundu plānu analīze, pēc SIOP modeļa kritērijiem. Pētījuma secinājumi: ikdienā skolēnu vidū angļu …