Search results for "Length"

showing 10 items of 2188 documents

Improving the performance of CdZnTe detectors using infrared stimulation

2011

The influence of monochromatic optical stimulation with wavelengths from 400 nm to 1100 on characteristics of the CdZnTe quasi-hemispherical detectors was studied. It was found that illumination with infrared (IR) light of wavelengths (870–900 nm) close to the absorption edge of the CdZnTe significantly improves the detectors performance at room temperature. Improvement can be achieved with low-intensity IR illumination of about 1–10 µW. The higher intensity illumination leads to degradation of the detector spectrometric characteristics. Infrared radiation penetrates into the detector sensitive volume, change the balance equilibrium between free and trapped carriers, leading to improve char…

PhysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryInfraredDetectorTemperature measurementlaw.inventionWavelengthFull width at half maximumOpticsAbsorption edgelawOptoelectronicsMonochromatic colorbusinessAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsLight-emitting diode2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record
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Two-dimensional temporal coherence coding for super resolved imaging

2009

In this paper, we present an approach that can be used for transmission of 2D spatial information through space-limited systems capable of transmitting even only a single spatial pixel. The input 2D object is illuminated with temporally incoherent illumination. The axial coherence length is very short and it equals only a few microns. Attached to the input object spatial random phase mask generates different axial shift for every pixel of the input. The temporal delays of the encoding (axial shifts) of every pixel are longer than the coherence length of the illuminating source. Therefore no temporal correlation exists between the various pixels of the input. A lens combines all spatial pixe…

PhysicsPixelbusiness.industryPlane waveAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCoherence lengthOpticsCardinal pointElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessSpatial analysisDecoding methodsCoding (social sciences)Coherence (physics)Optics Communications
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The role of the Planck scale in black hole radiance

2008

Lorentz invariance plays a pivotal role in the derivation of the Hawking effect, which crucially requires an integration in arbitrarily small distances or, equivalently, in unbounded energies. New physics at the Planck scale could, therefore, potentially modify the emission spectrum. We argue, however, that the kinematic invariance can be deformed in such a way that the thermal spectrum remains insensitive to trans-Planckian physics.

PhysicsPlanck energyPlanck particlePlanck massAstronomy and Astrophysicssymbols.namesakeMicro black holePlanck forceSpace and Planetary ScienceQuantum mechanicssymbolsVirtual black holeMathematical PhysicsHawking radiationPlanck length
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Mechanical models of amplitude and frequency modulation

2005

This paper presents some mechanical models for amplitude and frequency modulation. The equations governing both modulations are deduced alongside some necessary approximations. Computer simulations of the models are carried out by using available educational software. Amplitude modulation is achieved by using a system of two weakly coupled pendulums, whereas the frequency modulation is obtained by using a pendulum of variable length. Under suitable conditions (small oscillations, appropriate initial conditions, etc) both types of modulation result in significantly accurate and visualized simulations.

PhysicsPulse-frequency modulationstudentMechanical modelsAcousticsPendulumGeneral Physics and AstronomyVariable lengthAmplitude modulationAmplitudequantum physicsModulation (music)physicFrequency modulationEuropean Journal of Physics
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Thermal and non-thermal signatures of the Unruh effect in Casimir-Polder forces

2014

We show that Casimir-Polder forces between two relativistic uniformly accelerated atoms exhibit a transition from the short distance thermal-like behavior predicted by the Unruh effect, to a long distance non-thermal behavior, associated with the breakdown of a local inertial description of the system. This phenomenology extends the Unruh thermal response detected by a single accelerated observer to an accelerated spatially extended system of two particles, and we identify the characteristic length scale for this crossover with the inverse of the proper acceleration of the two atoms. Our results are derived separating at fourth order in perturbation theory the contributions of vacuum fluctu…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsInertial frame of referenceCharacteristic lengthVacuum stateGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Casimir-Polder forceGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyCasimir effectCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterUnruh effectClassical mechanicsVacuum FluctuationsUnruh EffectProper accelerationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Scalar fieldQuantum fluctuationOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Propagating quantum walks: The origin of interference structures

2003

We analyze the solution of the coined quantum walk on a line. First, we derive the full solution, for arbitrary unitary transformations, by using a new approach based on the four "walk fields" which we show determine the dynamics. The particular way of deriving the solution allows a rigorous derivation of a long wavelength approximation. This long wavelength approximation is useful as it provides an approximate analytical expression that captures the basics of the quantum walk and allows us to gain insight into the physics of the process.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsProcess (computing)FOS: Physical sciencesInterference (wave propagation)01 natural sciencesUnitary stateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExpression (mathematics)010305 fluids & plasmasLong wavelength0103 physical sciencesLine (geometry)Quantum walkStatistical physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsJournal of Modern Optics
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Initial correlations effects on decoherence at zero temperature

2004

We consider a free charged particle interacting with an electromagnetic bath at zero temperature. The dipole approximation is used to treat the bath wavelengths larger than the width of the particle wave packet. The effect of these wavelengths is described then by a linear Hamiltonian whose form is analogous to phenomenological Hamiltonians previously adopted to describe the free particle-bath interaction. We study how the time dependence of decoherence evolution is related with initial particle-bath correlations. We show that decoherence is related to the time dependent dressing of the particle. Moreover because decoherence induced by the T=0 bath is very rapid, we make some considerations…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsQuantum decoherenceFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsDiscrete dipole approximationharmonic oscillators.Charged particlesymbols.namesakeWavelengthWave–particle dualityQuantum mechanicsoscillatorsymbolsZero temperatureQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)bathMathematical Physics
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Neutral pion production with respect to centrality and reaction plane in Au+Au collisions atsNN=200GeV

2013

The PHENIX experiment has measured the production of pi(0)s in Au + Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV. The new data offer a fourfold increase in recorded luminosity, providing higher precision and a larger reach in transverse momentum, p(T), to 20 GeV/c. The production ratio of eta/pi(0) is 0.46 +/- 0.01(stat) +/- 0.05(syst), constant with p(T) and collision centrality. The observed ratio is consistent with earlier measurements, as well as with the p + p and d + Au values. pi(0) are suppressed by a factor of 5, as in earlier findings. However, with the improved statistical precision a small but significant rise of the nuclear modification factor R-AA vs p(T), with a slope of 0.0106 +/-(0…

PhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsNuclear physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAdS/CFT correspondenceParticle physicsPionLuminosity (scattering theory)Path lengthConformal field theoryPartonRelativistic Heavy Ion ColliderPhysical Review C
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The Phenomenology of Elastic Energy Loss

2007

The unexpectedly strong suppression of high p_T heavy-quarks in heavy-ion collisions has given rise to the idea that partons propagating through a medium in addition to energy loss by induced radiation also undergo substantial energy loss due to elastic collisions. However, the precise magnitude of this elastic energy loss component is highly controversial. While it is for a parton inside a medium surprisingly difficult to define the difference between elastic and radiative processes rigorously, the main phenomenological difference is in the dependence of energy loss on in-medium pathlength: in a constant medium radiative energy loss is expected to grow quadratically with pathlength, elasti…

PhysicsQuarkNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHadronElastic energyRadiant energyFOS: Physical sciencesPartonElastic collisionHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Path lengthQuantum electrodynamicsRadiative transferNuclear Experiment
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Finite-size scaling of the left-current correlator with non-degenerate quark masses

2007

We study the volume dependence of the left-current correlator with non-degenerate quark masses to next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion. We consider three possible regimes: all quark masses are in the $\epsilon$-regime, all are in the $p$-regime and a mixed-regime where the lighest quark masses satisfy $m_v \Sigma V \leq 1$ while the heavier $m_s \Sigma V \gg 1$. These results can be used to match lattice QCD and the Chiral Effective Theory in a large but finite box in which the Compton wavelength of the lightest pions is of the order of the box size. We consider both the full and partially-quenched results.

PhysicsQuarkNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)Degenerate energy levelsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesOrder (ring theory)SigmaFísicaCompton wavelengthLattice QCDHigh Energy Physics - LatticePionEffective field theoryHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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