Search results for "Length"

showing 10 items of 2188 documents

DFT calculation of structures and NMR chemical shifts of simple models of small diameter zigzag single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)

2011

Linearly conjugated benzene rings (acenes), belt-shape molecules (cyclic acenes) and model single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were fully optimized at the unrestricted level of density functional theory (UB3LYP/6-31G*). The models of SWCNTs were selected to get some insight into the potential changes of NMR chemical shift upon systematic increase of the molecular size. The theoretical NMR chemical shifts were calculated at the B3LYP/pcS-2 level of theory using benzene as reference. In addition, the change of radial breathing mode (RBM), empirically correlated with SWCNT diameter, was directly related with the radius of cyclic acenes. Both geometrical and NMR parameters were extrapolated t…

Chemical shiftGeneral ChemistryCarbon nanotubeCarbon-13 NMRConjugated systemlaw.inventionBond lengthchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistrylawMoleculePhysical chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryBenzeneMagnetic Resonance in Chemistry
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Laser cleaning of oxide iron layer : efficiency enhancement due to electrochemical induced absorptivity change

1999

Laser cleaning experiments exhibited a higher cleaning efficiency of the laser cleaning upon application of electrochemical potential on an oxidised iron surface. The objective of this study is to clarify the role of such an electrochemical control on cleaning efficiency. Therefore a study by optical spectrometry at normal incidence in the relevant conditions was performed. From these measurements the optical parameters n and k were deduced. While n is mainly not affected, k changes for a factor of 10 upon application of an electrochemical potential. These results explain the differences in laser cleaning efficiency due to the modified absorption length.

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryAttenuation lengthOxideGeneral ChemistryMolar absorptivityLaserElectrochemistryMass spectrometrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawGeneral Materials Scienceddc:530pacs:78.20.CiLayer (electronics)pacs:81.65.Cfpacs:81.65.MqElectrochemical potential
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Fluorescence, Browning Index, and Color in Infant Formulas during Storage

2005

Free and total fluorescent compounds, browning index, and color formation were measured in milk-based powdered infant formulas (IF) during 2 years of storage at 20 and 37 degrees C. The excitation spectra from 415 nm emission show three peaks (ex lambda1 = 270 nm, lambda2 = 325/315 nm, lambda3 = 350 nm) and from 347 nm excitation two emission peaks (415 and 520 nm), and no wavelength shifts were observed. Temperature and time of storage exert in general no significant effect on the development of fluorescence emission intensity and browning index. However, an important increase in pentodilysine was recorded-probably because of the iron and ascorbic acid contents of the samples-as well as in…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryFood preservationColorInfantGeneral ChemistryAscorbic acidEmission intensityFluorescenceColor indexMaillard ReactionMaillard reactionsymbols.namesakeWavelengthSpectrometry FluorescenceLinear ModelsBrowningsymbolsHumansInfant FoodGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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On the approximation of the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian in single-reference and multireference coupled cluster theory

2012

Abstract We consider the recursive single commutator (RSC) approximation of the Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff expansion introduced by Yanai and Chan [T. Yanai, G.K.-L. Chan, J. Chem. Phys. 124 (2006) 194106] and apply it in order to approximate the similarity transformation of the Hamiltonian in both traditional and unitary coupled cluster theory. The equilibrium bond distance, harmonic vibrational frequency, and anharmonic constant of H2, HF, N2, CuH, and Cu2 were computed using the coupled cluster approach with single and double excitations (CCSD) and CCSD with the RSC approximation of the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian (CCSD-RSC). Our results demonstrate that the RSC approximation introdu…

ChemistryAnharmonicityGeneral Physics and AstronomyPotential energyMatrix similarityBond lengthsymbols.namesakeCoupled clusterQuantum mechanicsMolecular vibrationPotential energy surfacesymbolsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Chemical Physics
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Full configuration interaction calculation of BeH adiabatic states.

2008

An all-electron full configuration interaction (FCI) calculation of the adiabatic potential energy curves of some of the lower states of BeH molecule is presented. A moderately large ANO basis set of atomic natural orbitals (ANO) augmented with Rydberg functions has been used in order to describe the valence and Rydberg states and their interactions. The Rydberg set of ANOs has been placed on the Be at all bond distances. So, the basis set can be described as 4s3p2d1f3s2p1d(BeH)+4s4p2d(Be). The dipole moments of several states and transition dipole strengths from the ground state are also reported as a function of the R(Be-H) distance. The position and the number of states involved in sever…

ChemistryConfiguration interactionsGeneral Physics and AstronomyBond lengthsBeryllium compounds ; Bond lengths ; Configuration interactions ; Ground states ; Molecular moments ; Potential energy surfaces ; Rydberg states ; Vibrational statesRydberg statesPotential energyFull configuration interactionGround statesUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaDipolesymbols.namesakeAtomic orbitalBeryllium compoundsPotential energy surfacesRydberg formulasymbolsMolecular momentsVibrational statesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsGround stateAdiabatic process:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Basis setThe Journal of chemical physics
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Analysis and parametric sensitivity of the behavior of overshoots in the concentration of a charged adsorbate in the adsorbed phase of charged adsorb…

2003

In this work, an analysis of the parametric sensitivity of the overshoot in the concentration of the adsorbate in the adsorbed phase, which occurs under certain conditions during an ion-exchange adsorption process, is presented and used to suggest practical implications of the concentration overshoot phenomenon on operational policies and configurations of chromatographic columns and finite bath adsorption systems. The results presented in this work demonstrate and explain how the development of an overshoot in the concentration of the adsorbate in the adsorbed phase could be enhanced or suppressed by (i) varying the diffusion coefficient, D3, of the adsorbate relative to the diffusion coef…

ChemistryDiffusionAnalytical chemistryLangmuir adsorption modelThermodynamicsElectrolyteCharged particleSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialssymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistryAdsorptionIonic strengthPhase (matter)symbolsDebye lengthJournal of Colloid and Interface Science
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On the electrophoretic mobility of isolated colloidal spheres

2004

We studied the electrophoretic mobility μ of highly charged colloidal spheres in very dilute low salt aqueous suspension. We combined experiments on individual particles and ensemble averaged measurements. In both cases μ was observed to be independent of particle size and surface chemistry. Corresponding effective charges Zμ*, however, scaled with the ratio of particle size to Bjerrum length λB: Zμ* = Aa/λB with a coefficient . Our results are discussed in comparison to other charge determination experiments and charge renormalization theory and with respect to the issue of charge polydispersity.

ChemistryDispersityCharge (physics)Condensed Matter PhysicsBjerrum lengthEffective nuclear chargeCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterElectrophoresisColloidClassical mechanicsChemical physicsGeneral Materials ScienceSPHERESParticle sizeJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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On a topological interpretation of electronic and vibrational molecular energies

1998

Abstract A relationship between Randic's connectivity index and various quantum mechanical parameters derived from the Huckel Molecular Orbital (HMO) approach is demonstrated. When applied to conjugated hydrocarbons, this index represents the measure of the global π electron molecular energy and, therefore, of the resonance energy. Moreover, the development of the procedure, allows the introduction of a new definition of the bond order which, in turn, makes possible a better prediction not only for bond lengths of naphtalene but also for the resonance integral and conjugation energy for butadiene. Also, a corrected value for the Randic index is deduced, which allows for the reduction of the…

ChemistryElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryBond orderMolecular physicsResonance (particle physics)Measure (mathematics)Bond lengthQuantum mechanicsTopological indexMolecular orbitalPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTopological quantum numberJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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Theoretical spectroscopic parameters of the alkali monofluorides LiF, NaF and KF

1992

Abstract Multireference configuration interaction and second-order perturbation theory are used to determine accurate spectroscopic parameters for the ground state of the alkali monofluorides from LiF to KF. Systematic saturation of the spdf subspaces of the atomic basis sets for the electron affinity of fluorine and the ionization potential of the metals have been shown to be more efficient than for the approximate dissociation energies in the molecule. the calculated rotational and vibrational constants and transitions for the three systems show excellent agreement with the expeirmental data.

ChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyMultireference configuration interactionConfiguration interactionAlkali metalMolecular physicsDiatomic moleculeBond lengthComputational chemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersRotational spectroscopyPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIonization energyGround stateChemical Physics Letters
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Crystal structure and IR spectrum of 1-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-d-mannitol–ethanol (2/1)

1999

Abstract 1- O - α - d -Glucopyranosyl- d -mannitol–ethanol (2/1), (C 12 H 24 O 11 ) 2 –C 2 H 5 OH, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2 1 with unit cell dimensions a =11.4230(8) A, b =9.525(4) A, c =15.854(2) A, β =102.751(7)° and V =1682.4(7) A 3 , Z =2, D x =1.45 Mg m −3 , λ (Mo-K α )=0.71069 A, μ=0.128 mm −1 , F (000)=788 and T =293(2) K. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by least-squares calculations on F 2 to R 1 =0.0371[ I >2 σ ( I )], and 0.0930 (all data, 3542 independent reflections, R int =0.021). There are two molecules of glucopyranosylmannitol (GPM) and one ethanol molecule in the asymmetric unit, and the glucopyranosyl ring adopts a chair conforma…

ChemistryHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistryCyclohexane conformationInfrared spectroscopyCrystal structureAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryBond lengthCrystallographySide chainMoleculeSpectroscopyMonoclinic crystal systemJournal of Molecular Structure
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