Search results for "Length"

showing 10 items of 2188 documents

Role and importance of polymorphisms with respect to DNA methylation for the expression of CYP2E1 enzyme

2014

Different individuals possess slightly different genetic information and show genetically-determined differences in several enzyme activities due to genetic variability. Following an integrated approach, we studied the polymorphisms and methylation of sites contained in the 5' flanking region of the metabolizing enzyme CYP2E1 in correlation to its expression in both tumor and non-neoplastic liver cell lines, since to date little is known about the influence of these (epi)genetic elements in basal conditions and under induction by the specific inductor and a demethylating agent. In treated cells, reduced DNA methylation, assessed both at genomic and gene level, was not consistently associate…

Genotype5' Flanking RegionCell Survival5' flanking regionMinisatellite RepeatsBiologyGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicGenotypeGeneticsCYP2E1 gene polymorphismTumor Cells CulturedHumansGeneHepatocellular carcinoma cell lines; CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms; DNA methylation; 5-Azacytidine; Ethanol;GeneticsPolymorphism GeneticEthanolLiver cellHaplotype5-AzacytidineCytochrome P-450 CYP2E1General MedicineMethylationHep G2 CellsHepatocellular carcinoma cell lineDNA MethylationMolecular biologySettore BIO/18 - GeneticaDNA methylationAzacitidineRestriction fragment length polymorphismPolymorphism Restriction Fragment Length
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High-resolution genotyping of Campylobacter strains isolated from poultry and humans with amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting.

1999

ABSTRACT For epidemiological studies of Campylobacter infections, molecular typing methods that can differentiate campylobacters at the strain level are needed. In this study we used a recently developed genotyping method, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), which is based on selective amplification of restriction fragments of chromosomal DNA, for genetic typing of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains derived from humans and poultry. We developed an automated AFLP fingerprinting method in which restriction endonucleases Hin dIII and Hha I were used in combination with one set of selective PCR primers. This method resulted in evenly distributed band patterns for amp…

GenotypeGenetics and Molecular BiologyCampylobacter coliDeoxyribonuclease HindIIImedicine.disease_causeApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyCampylobacter jejuniPolymerase Chain ReactionPoultryMicrobiologyRestriction fragmentCampylobacter jejuniGenotypeCampylobacter InfectionsmedicineAnimalsDeoxyribonucleases Type II Site-SpecificGenotypingDNA PrimersGeneticsEcologybiologyCampylobacterfood and beveragesReproducibility of ResultsCampylobacterbiology.organism_classificationDNA FingerprintingBacterial Typing TechniquesElectrophoresis Gel Pulsed-FieldDNA profilingCampylobacter colibiology.proteinAmplified fragment length polymorphismFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and environmental microbiology
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Molecular Characterization of New Natural Hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. kudriavzevii in Brewing▿ †

2008

ABSTRACT We analyzed 24 beer strains from different origins by using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of different gene regions, and six new Saccharomyces cerevisiae × Saccharomyces kudriavzevii hybrid strains were found. This is the first time that the presence in brewing of this new type of hybrid has been demonstrated. From the comparative molecular analysis of these natural hybrids with respect to those described in wines, it can be concluded that these originated from at least two hybridization events and that some brewing hybrids share a common origin with wine hybrids. Finally, a reduction of the S. kudriavzevii fraction of the hybrid genomes was observed, but th…

GenotypeSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMolecular Sequence DataMycologySaccharomyces cerevisiaeApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologySaccharomycesModels BiologicalPolymerase Chain ReactionCluster AnalysisDNA FungalPhylogenyHybridWineGeneticsRecombination GeneticEcologybiologyAscomycotaEthanolbusiness.industrySaccharomyces eubayanustechnology industry and agriculturefood and beveragesBeerSequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationBrewingbusinessSaccharomyces kudriavzeviiPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthFood ScienceBiotechnology
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No association between Helicobacter pylori genotypes and antibiotic resistance phenotypes within families.

2002

Background. Triple therapy combining a proton pump inhibitor with two antibiotics, e.g. clarythromycin (CLR), metronidazole (MTZ) or amoxicillin (AMX), represents the standard in Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens. Resistance to antimicrobial agents, particularly MTZ (up to 56% in Western countries) and CLR (up to 15% in southern Europe), is frequently observed and may be associated with treatment failure [1]. Recently, several studies indicated that individual H. pylori colonies from a single anatomic site may not always yield identical genotypes, or the identical patterns of susceptibility to antibiotics [2–5]. Representative for every single patient we analyzed 27 H. pylori antrum …

Genotypemedicine.drug_classAntibioticsDrug resistanceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPolymerase Chain ReactionMicrobiologyHelicobacter InfectionsAntibiotic resistanceDrug Resistance BacterialmedicineHelicobacterbiologyHelicobacter pyloriGastroenterologyGeneral MedicineAmoxicillinHelicobacter pyloribiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobialAnti-Bacterial AgentsElectrophoresis Gel Pulsed-FieldMetronidazoleInfectious DiseasesPhenotypePolymorphism Restriction Fragment Lengthmedicine.drugHelicobacter
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Modelling the appearance of chromatic environment using hyperspectral imaging

2013

Color of objects is a spectral composition of incident light source, reflection properties of the object itself, and spectral tuning of the eye. Light sources with different spectral characteristics can produce metameric representation of color; however most variable in this regard is vision. Pigments of color vision are continuously bleached by different stimuli and optical density of the pigment is changed, while continuous conditions provide an adaptation and perception of white. Special cases are color vision deficiencies which cover almost 8 % of male population in Europe. Hyperspectral imaging allows obtaining the spectra of the environment and modelling the performance of the dichrom…

GeographyOpticsPrimary colorColor constancyDominant wavelengthColor visionbusiness.industryColor balanceColor temperaturebusinessSpectral colorCIE 1931 color spaceRemote sensingSPIE Proceedings
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Numerical Modelling of the Urban Climate

1988

Three-dimensional numerical models of the urban climate have been developed in order to simulate climatic changes and air pollution in urban regions due to anthropogenic activities. Two versions are presented. Model A covers mesoscale γ and uses the roughness length to characterize surface structure. The microscale version B approximates the actual urban build-up by rectangular blocks. Model A results agree reasonably well with observations. For complex building structures, the microscale model must be applied. Model B results on neutral flow and pollutant transport within a particular building configuration are discussed.

GeographyRoughness lengthMeteorologyUrban climateFlow (psychology)Air pollutionmedicinePollutant transportMesoscale meteorologySurface structuremedicine.disease_causeMicroscale chemistry
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Genetic diversity of Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLP) and cpDNA

2010

We have utilized Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLP) in conjunction with chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequence data to study the genetic diversity in 53 accessions of Dioscorea dumetorum from six countries in West and Central Africa. Our results provide a comparison of the two marker systems with regards to their applicability to differentiate intraspecific genotypes and the grouping of the accessions based on localities of collection. A total of 1052 AFLP fragments (of which 94.1% were polymorphic) produced from twelve primer combinations indicate a relatively high level of polymorphism among the accessions. Three major genetic groups that do not strictly follow a geographic distribu…

GermplasmGenetic diversityfood and beveragesBiologyBiochemistryDNA sequencingChloroplast DNAGenetic markerparasitic diseasesBotanyGenetic variationGenotypeAmplified fragment length polymorphismEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsBiochemical Systematics and Ecology
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Assessment of genetic variation in SicilianHelichrysum(Asteraceae) and implication to germplasm conservation

2008

Some taxa of Sicilian Helichrysum related to sect. Stoeachadina have an uncertain systematic position; moreover, they are rare and endangered. In order to preserve these taxa in a genebank, a strategy to keep their genetic variation as high as possible is required. The high informative content of AFLP markers was used to assess genetic variations within and between populations and their relationships. The results show that all populations are genetically similar, even though there are two distinct groups: the first is the population referred to H. pendulum, and the second is represented by other populations belonging to several different specific and intraspecific taxa. The H. pendulum popu…

Germplasmeducation.field_of_studyPopulationEndangered speciesPlant ScienceBiologybiology.organism_classificationIntraspecific competitionTaxonAFLP genetic variation Sicilian Helichrysum Asteraceae germplasm conservation genebankEvolutionary biologyGenetic variationBotanyHelichrysumAmplified fragment length polymorphismeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPlant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology
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Physical activity history and end-of-life hospital and long-term care

2009

Background: Little is known about the early predictors of need for care in late life. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether physical activity from midlife onward was associated with hospital and long-term care in the last year of life. Methods: We studied a decedent population of 846 persons aged 66–98 years at death, who, on average 5.8 years prior to death, had participated in an interview about their current and earlier physical activity. Data on the use of care in the last year of life are register-based data and complete. Results: Men needed on average 96 days (SD 7.0) and women 138 days (SD 6.2) of inpatient care in the last year of life. Among men, the risk for all-cau…

GerontologyMaleAgingPopulationpitkäaikaishoitoPhysical activityikääntyneet henkilötphysical activitysairaalahoitoRate ratioRisk AssessmentlaitoshoitoAge DistributionRisk FactorsCause of DeathSurveys and QuestionnairesHealth careActivities of Daily LivingConfidence IntervalsOdds RatioMedicineHomes for the AgedHumansMiddle-aged adultProspective StudiesSex DistributioneducationGeriatric AssessmentFinlandAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyInpatient carebusiness.industryData CollectionIncidenceLength of StayLong-Term CareHospital careNursing HomesHospitalizationLong-term careagedPhysical FitnessFemaleGeriatrics and Gerontologybusinessfyysinen aktiivisuus
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Flavobacterium columnare colony types: connection to adhesion and virulence?

2008

Four different colony morphologies were produced by Flavobacterium columnare strains on Shieh agar plate cultures: rhizoid and flat (type 1), non-rhizoid and hard (type 2), round and soft (type 3), and irregularly shaped and soft (type 4). Colonies produced on AO agar differed from these to some extent. The colony types formed on Shieh agar were studied according to molecular characteristics [Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA), and whole cell protein SDS-PAGE profiles], virulence on rainbow trout fingerlings, and adhesion on polystyrene and fish gills. There were no molecular differences between colony types within one strai…

Gillsfood.ingredientRibosomal Intergenic Spacer analysisVirulenceBiologyMicrobiologyFlavobacteriumVirulence factorBacterial AdhesionMicrobiologyAgar plateFish DiseasesfoodBacterial ProteinsFlavobacteriaceae InfectionsDNA Ribosomal SpacerAgarAnimalsPhase variationVirulencebiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaAgarInfectious DiseasesOncorhynchus mykissFlavobacterium columnarePolystyrenesElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelFlavobacteriumPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthMicrobial pathogenesis
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