Search results for "Length"

showing 10 items of 2188 documents

Active shape correction of a thin glass/plastic x-ray mirror

2015

Optics for future X-ray telescopes will be characterized by very large aperture and focal length, and will be made of lightweight materials like glass or plastic in order to keep the total mass within acceptable limits. Optics based on thin slumped glass foils are currently in use in the NuSTAR telescope and are being developed at various institutes like INAF/OAB, aiming at improving the angular resolution to a few arcsec HEW. Another possibility would be the use of thin plastic foils, being developed at SAO and the Palermo University. Even if relevant progresses in the achieved angular resolution were recently made, a viable possibility to further improve the mirror figure would be the app…

Materials scienceFOS: Physical sciencesX-ray telescopeSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaFeedbacklaw.inventionTelescopeSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticsApertureslawX-raysFocal lengthAngular resolutionInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Image resolutionX-ray telescopesSpatial resolutionbusiness.industryGlassesOpticsActive opticsPiezoelectricityMirrorsAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsbusinessActuatorActuatorsTelescopesSPIE Proceedings
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Photonic processing of microwave signals

2005

In this paper, recent advances in the implementation of photonic tuneable transversal filters for RF signal processing developed by the Optical Communications Group are described. After a brief introduction to the field and the basic concepts, limiting factors and application of these filters are described in the field. This is based on a distinction between filters based on wavelength tuneable optical taps and others based on the tuneability of the dispersive elements that provide the time delay between samples. Recently developed approaches have also been discussed.

Materials scienceField (physics)Computer Networks and Communicationsbusiness.industryMicrowave signalsOptical communicationLimitingÒpticaAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsWavelengthElectronic engineeringRadio frequencyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhotonicsbusinessComputer Science::Databases
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Depolarization Field in Thin Ferroelectric Films With Account of Semiconductor Electrodes

2005

Within the framework of the phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory influence of semiconductor electrodes on the properties of thin ferroelectric films is considered. The contribution of the semiconductor electrodes with different Debye screening length of carriers is included in the functional of free energy. The influence of highly doped semiconductor electrodes on the depolarization field and the film properties was shown to be great.

Materials scienceField (physics)Condensed matter physicsDopingDepolarizationCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsFerroelectricityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakePhysics::Plasma PhysicsCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityPhenomenological modelsymbolsGinzburg–Landau theoryThin filmDebye lengthFerroelectrics
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Three-Dimensional Printing of Nonlinear Optical Lenses.

2018

In the current paper, a series of nonlinear optical (NLO) active devices was prepared by utilizing stereolithographic three-dimensional printing technique. Microcrystalline NLO active component, urea, or potassium dihydrogen phosphate was dispersed in a simple photopolymerizable polyacrylate-based resin and used as the printing material to fabricate highly efficient transparent NLO lenses. The nonlinear activity of the printed lenses was confirmed by second-harmonic generation measurements using a femtosecond laser-pumped optical parametric amplifier operating at a wavelength of 1195 nm. The three-dimensional printing provides a simple method to utilize a range of NLO active compounds witho…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical Engineeringlinssit (optiikka)Crystal growth010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesnonlinear optical lensesArticlelcsh:ChemistryNonlinear optical3D-tulostusthree-dimensional printingta216ta116ta114010405 organic chemistrybusiness.industryGeneral ChemistryOptical parametric amplifier0104 chemical sciencesWavelengthNonlinear systemMicrocrystallinelcsh:QD1-999Three dimensional printingFemtosecondOptoelectronicsbusinessACS omega
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Simultaneous recording of skin blood pulsations at different vascular depths by multiwavelength photoplethysmography.

2007

A new technique for parallel recording of reflection photoplethysmography (PPG) signals in a broad spectral band (violet to near-infrared) has been developed, and its potential for assessment of blood microcirculation at various depths from the skin surface is discussed. PPG signals have been simultaneously detected at cw laser wavelength sets comprising 405, 532, 645, 807, and 1064 nm. Various signal baseline responses to breath holding and different shapes of the PPG pulses originated from the same heartbeat but recorded at different wavelengths have been observed, indicating a depth variety of the skin blood pulsation dynamics.

Materials scienceHeartbeatbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Spectral bandsCw laserIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringMicrocirculationWavelengthOpticsHeart RateTemporal resolutionPhotoplethysmogramPulsatile FlowSkin Physiological PhenomenaSkin surfaceHumanssense organsBusiness and International ManagementbusinessPhotoplethysmographyAlgorithmsBlood Flow VelocitySkinApplied optics
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Contact probe pressure effects in skin multi-spectral photoplethysmography

2007

A novel technique ensuring parallel recording of reflection photoplethysmography signals in broad spectral range has been tested for assessment of pressure-induced vascular changes at various depths from the skin surface. PPG signals have been simultaneously detected at three combinations of the cw laser wavelengths 405 nm, 532 nm, 645 nm, 807 nm and 1064 nm. The PPG baseline responses to the probe-skin contact pressure changes and shapes of the PPG pulses originated from the same heartbeat but recorded at different wavelengths have been detected and analyzed.

Materials scienceHeartbeatbusiness.industryMulti spectralLaserlaw.inventionWavelengthOpticslawPhotoplethysmogramTemporal resolutionReflection (physics)Skin effectsense organsbusinessDiagnostic Optical Spectroscopy in Biomedicine IV
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Multi-wavelength photoplethysmography for simultaneous recording of skin blood pulsations at different vascular depths

2007

Parallel recording of reflection photoplethysmography (PPG) signals in broad spectral band has been performed, and potential of this approach for assessment of blood microcirculation at various vascular depths is discussed. PPG signals have been simultaneously detected at cw laser wavelengths sets comprising 405 nm, 532 nm, 645 nm, 807 nm and 1064 nm. Different signal baseline responses to breath holding at different wavelengths have been observed, as well as different shapes of the PPG pulses originated from the same heartbeat.

Materials scienceHeartbeatbusiness.industryMulti wavelengthSpectral bandsLaserSignallaw.inventionWavelengthOpticslawPhotoplethysmogramReflection (physics)businessSPIE Proceedings
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Time-dependent effects in the nonsequential ionization of helium at various wavelengths

2000

Calculations of the double ionization of a model 1D helium atom interacting with an intense short laser pulse are presented. A substantial signature of nonsequential double ionization is found for all the wavelengths that are considered, from 248 nm to 1064 nm, provided that sufficiently short pulses are employed. We show how one can modify the size of the “knee” structure of the double ionization yield curve by varying the laser pulse duration. The underlying mechanism of the correlated double electron ejection is investigated and discussed.

Materials scienceHelium atomDouble ionizationchemistry.chemical_elementElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionPulse (physics)Wavelengthchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAtomic physicsGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)Helium
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Upconversion Nanoparticles for Bioimaging and Regenerative Medicine.

2016

Nanomaterials are proving useful for regenerative medicine in combination with stem cell therapy. Nanoparticles can be administrated and targeted to desired tissues or organs and subsequently, be used in non-invasive real-time visualization and tracking of cells by means of different imaging techniques, they can act as therapeutic agent nanocarriers, and can also serve as scaffolds to guide the growth of new tissue. Nanoparticles can be of different chemical nature, such as gold, iron oxide, cadmium selenide, and carbon, and have the potential to be used in regenerative medicine. However, there are still many issues to be solved, such as toxicity, stability, and resident time. Upconversion …

Materials scienceHistologyMini ReviewBiomedical EngineeringNanoparticleNanotechnologyBioengineering02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesRegenerative medicineNanomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundUpconversion nanoparticlestransparencyCadmium selenideLow toxicityNIR excitationnon-toxic nanoparticlescell behavior regulationfungifood and beveragesBioengineering and Biotechnology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymulti-wavelength/multimodal bioimagingPhoton upconversion0104 chemical scienceschemistryupconverted (UV–VIS–NIR) emissionNanocarriers0210 nano-technologyBiotechnologyFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
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Highly sensitive optical hydrogen sensor using circular Pd-coated singlemode tapered fibre

2001

A novel optical hydrogen sensor, based on the absorption change of the evanescent fields in a circular Pd-coated singlemode tapered fibre is presented. The proposed sensor is polarisation independent and its sensitivity is adjustable by means of the taper diameter, interaction length, and/or light wavelength. A simple light transmission measurement setup is used to test the sensor. The sensor is suitable for the detection of low hydrogen concentrations with high sensitivity and fast time response. Transmission changes as high as 60% are demonstrated.

Materials scienceHydrogenbusiness.industryResponse timechemistry.chemical_elementÒpticaHydrogen sensorSubwavelength-diameter optical fibreWavelengthOpticsTransmission (telecommunications)chemistrysense organsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Sensitivity (electronics)
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