Search results for "Lens"

showing 10 items of 948 documents

The squeezer ion guide

1992

Abstract The properties of an ordinary ion guide can be improved by inserting a grid between the nozzle and the skimmer. When positive ions are transported, an electric potential lower than +10 V is connected to the grid and one of the order of − 10 V to the skimmer. Efficient focusing is achieved between the nozzle and the grid by a combined action of the viscous helium flow field and the weak electric field. The focusing device is called a “squeezer”. It can be extended by adding more grids, a second skimmer, and differential pumping. Contrary to the first grid, the additional elements act more or less like electrostatic lenses in medium vacuum. With the squeezer ion guide, ions created i…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistryNozzleUltra-high vacuumSkimmer (machine)Electric potentialAtomic physicsInstrumentationQuadrupole mass analyzerElectrostatic lensIonElectric discharge in gasesNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Characterisation of beam focus quality in biomedical nuclear microscopy: A Fourier optics approach

2009

Abstract The central peak widths of the 2D-autocorrelation function have been investigated as a Figure of Merit (FoM) of focus quality in nuclear microscopy using a quadrupole triplet lens system. The beam focus could be reliably characterised for direct scanning transmission ion microscopy (direct-STIM) images obtained with fluences as small as 5.8 × 10 9 ions cm - 2 which colocalisation tests showed did not introduce significant beam-induced changes in the cells.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistrybusiness.industryFourier opticsScanning confocal electron microscopyTriplet lensIonOpticsQuadrupoleFigure of meritFocus (optics)businessInstrumentationBeam (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Implementation of an aerodynamic lens for TRIGA-SPEC

2016

Abstract We report on the optimization of the gas-jet system employed to couple the TRIGA-SPEC experiment to the research reactor TRIGA Mainz. CdI2 aerosol particles suspended in N2 as carrier gas are used for an effective transport of fission products from neutron induced 235 U fission from the target chamber to a surface ion source. Operating conditions of the gas-jet were modified to enable the implementation of an aerodynamic lens, fitting into the limited space available in front of the ion source. The lens boosts the gas-jet efficiency by a factor of 4–10. The characterization of the gas-jet system as well as the design of the aerodynamic lens and efficiency studies are presented and …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsFission products010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesChemistrybusiness.industryFissionNuclear engineeringAerodynamics010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry01 natural sciencesIon source0104 chemical sciencesTRIGAlaw.inventionLens (optics)OpticslawResearch reactorNeutronbusinessInstrumentation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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A new beamline for energy-dispersive high-resolution PIXE analysis using polycapillary optics

2019

Abstract A new beamline for high energy resolution PIXE measurements is presented. This new setup includes options for both in-air and vacuum measurements. For the high energy resolution transition-edge sensor array, a polycapillary lens is used for detecting low-energy X-rays down to 0.5 keV and to increase the effective solid angle. X-ray transmission of the polycapillary lens was characterized using two calibration standards. The gain obtained by adding a polycapillary lens was 1.6–2.3 at energies between 2.1 keV and 4.5 keV. From 1.04 to 1.74 keV the gain is increased to 2.1–3.0, and at energies 4.9–8.0 keV the gain is between 1.6 and 0.65. The measured gain agreed well with theoretical…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenatutkimuslaitteetHigh resolutionAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesexternal-PIXElaw.inventionOpticsSensor arrayPolycapillary opticslaw0103 physical sciencesalkuaineanalyysiPIXE010306 general physicsHigh energy resolutionInstrumentationta114business.industrypolycapillary lens010401 analytical chemistrySolid angletransition-edge sensor0104 chemical sciencesLens (optics)BeamlineHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Development of economic MeV-ion microbeam technology at Chiang Mai University

2017

Abstract Developing high technologies but in economic manners is necessary and also feasible for developing countries. At Chiang Mai University, Thailand, we have developed MeV-ion microbeam technology based on a 1.7-MV Tandetron tandem accelerator with our limited resources in a cost-effective manner. Instead of using expensive and technically complex electrostatic or magnetic quadrupole focusing lens systems, we have developed cheap MeV-ion microbeams using programmed L-shaped blade aperture and capillary techniques for MeV ion beam lithography or writing and mapping. The programmed L-shaped blade micro-aperture system consists of a pair of L-shaped movable aperture pieces which are contr…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceIon beamAperturemicrobeam02 engineering and technologyIon beam lithography01 natural scienceslaw.inventionOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesQuadrupole magnetInstrumentationLithography010302 applied physicsbusiness.industryta1182MicrobeamMeV ionL-shaped blade aperture021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologytapered glass capillaryComputer Science::OtherLens (optics)Physics::Accelerator Physicslithography0210 nano-technologybusinessBeam (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Experimental program of the Super-FRS Collaboration at FAIR and developments of related instrumentation

2016

The physics program at the super-conducting fragment separator (Super-FRS) at FAIR, being operated in a multiple-stage, high-resolution spectrometer mode, is discussed. The Super-FRS will produce, separate and transport radioactive beams at high energies up to 1.5 AGeV, and it can be also used as a stand-alone experimental device together with ancillary detectors. Various combinations of the magnetic sections of the Super-FRS can be operated in dispersive, achromatic or dispersion-matched spectrometer ion-optical modes, which allow measurements of momentum distributions of secondary-reaction products with high resolution and precision. A number of unique experiments in atomic, nuclear and h…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMesonNeutron emissionCOHERENT EXCITATIONProjectile fragments01 natural sciences114 Physical scienceslaw.inventionNuclear physicsENERGYlaw0103 physical sciencesSCATTERINGSPECTROMETERFACILITY010306 general physicsSpectroscopyNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationPhysicsta114IsotopeSpectrometerNUCLEI010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringDetectorMagnetic spectrometerPERFORMANCEINVERSE KINEMATICSPRODUCTSSTATESAchromatic lensExperiments
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Probing neutrino masses with CMB lensing extraction

2005

We evaluate the ability of future cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments to measure the power spectrum of large scale structure using quadratic estimators of the weak lensing deflection field. We calculate the sensitivity of upcoming CMB experiments such as BICEP, QUaD, BRAIN, ClOVER and PLANCK to the non-zero total neutrino mass M_nu indicated by current neutrino oscillation data. We find that these experiments greatly benefit from lensing extraction techniques, improving their one-sigma sensitivity to M_nu by a factor of order four. The combination of data from PLANCK and the SAMPAN mini-satellite project would lead to sigma(M_nu) = 0.1 eV, while a value as small as sigma(M_nu) = 0…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsCosmic microwave backgroundDark matterFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciences[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]symbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesPlanckNeutrino oscillation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsWeak gravitational lensingPhysics[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFísicaSpectral densityHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDark energysymbolsNeutrino
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Design and construction of the fast photon detection system for COMPASS RICH-1

2010

International audience; New photon detectors, based on the use of multi-anode photo-multiplier tubes coupled to individual lens telescopes and read out with a dedicated read-out electronics system, equip the central region of the Cherenkov imaging counter RICH-1 of the COMPASS experiment at CERN SPS. They are characterised by high photon yield, fast response and high rate capability and are successfully in operation since the 2006 COMPASS data taking. The photon detection system fully matches the expected performance. The design and construction of the photon detectors are described in detail.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotomultiplierPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsMulti-anode photo-multiplier[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]COMPASS01 natural sciencesParticle identificationlaw.inventionOpticsParticle identification; COMPASS; RICH; Multi-anode photo-multiplier; Quartz lens telescopelawCompass0103 physical sciencesCOMPASS experimentAngular resolutionElectronics010306 general physicsRICHInstrumentationCherenkov radiationPhysicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryQuartz lens telescopeLens (optics)High Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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A neutron spectrometer for studying giant resonances with (p, n) reactions in inverse kinematics

2014

A neutron spectrometer, the European Low-Energy Neutron Spectrometer (ELENS), has been constructed to study exotic nuclei in inverse-kinematics experiments. The spectrometer, which consists of plastic scintillator bars, can be operated in the neutron energy range of 100 keV to 10 MeV. The neutron energy is determined using the time-of-flight technique, while the position of the neutron detection is deduced from the time-difference information from photomultipliers attached to both ends of each bar. A novel wrapping method has been developed for the plastic scintillators. The array has a larger than 25% detection efficiency for neutrons of approximately 500 keV in kinetic energy and an angul…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsELENSPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesScintillator01 natural sciences7. Clean energyNeutron time-of-flight scatteringNuclear physicsDETECTOR ARRAYVM2000 wrappingSCINTILLATORS0103 physical sciencesNeutron detectionNeutronNeutron time-of-flight measurementsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationNuclear ExperimentLow-energy neutron spectrometerPhysicsBonner sphereSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsCOUNTERSInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Neutron temperature3. Good healthScintillation counterFísica nuclear
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A gas ionisation Direct-STIM detector for MeV ion microscopy

2015

Abstract Direct-Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy (Direct-STIM) is a powerful technique that yields structural information in sub-cellular whole cell imaging. Usually, a Si p-i-n diode is used in Direct-STIM measurements as a detector. In order to overcome the detrimental effects of radiation damage which appears as a broadening in the energy resolution, we have developed a gas ionisation detector for use with a focused ion beam. The design is based on the ETH Frisch grid-less off-axis Geiger–Muller geometry. It is developed for use in a MeV ion microscope with a standard Oxford Microbeams triplet lens and scanning system. The design has a large available solid angle for other detectors …

Nuclear and High Energy Physicsta114Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryChemistryResolution (electron density)DetectorTriplet lensMeV ion microscopeFocused ion beamionisation detectorOpticsIonizationRadiation damagedirect-STIMAtomic physicsbioimagingbusinessInstrumentationField ion microscopeReNcells VMDiodeNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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