Search results for "Linea"

showing 10 items of 7724 documents

When do different C4 leaf anatomies indicate independent C4 origins? Parallel evolution of C4 leaf types in Camphorosmeae (Chenopodiaceae).

2014

Broad-scale phylogenetic studies give first insights in numbers, relationships, and ages of C 4 lineages. They are, however, generally limited to a model that treats the evolution of the complex C4 syndrome in different lineages as a directly comparable process. Here, we use a resolved and well-sampled phylogenetic tree of Camphorosmeae, based on three chloroplast and one nuclear marker and on leaf anatomical traits to infer a more detailed picture of C4 leaftype evolution in this lineage. Our ancestral character state reconstructions allowed two scenarios: (i) Sedobassia is a derived C3/C4 intermediate, implying two independent gains of C4 in Bassia and Camphorosma; or (ii) Sedobassia is a…

Bassia prostrataBassiabiologyPhylogenetic treePhysiologyLineage (evolution)BiogeographyWaterPlant ScienceChenopodiaceaebiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionCarbonModels StructuralPlant LeavesPhylogeneticsGenusBotanyParallel evolutionPhotosynthesisPlant Vascular BundlePhylogenyJournal of experimental botany
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Li-ion Battery Modeling and State of Charge Estimation Method Including the Hysteresis Effect

2019

In this paper, a new approach to modeling the hysteresis phenomenon of the open circuit voltage (OCV) of lithium-ion batteries and estimating the battery state of charge (SoC) is presented. A characterization procedure is proposed to identify the battery model parameters, in particular, those related to the hysteresis phenomenon and the transition between charging and discharging conditions. A linearization method is used to obtain a suitable trade-off between the model accuracy and a low computational cost, in order to allow the implementation of SoC estimation on common hardware platforms. The proposed characterization procedure and the model effectiveness for SoC estimation are experime…

Battery (electricity)Energy storage systemsComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceEnergy storage system020209 energylcsh:TK7800-8360Battery modeling02 engineering and technologyEnergy storageControl theoryLinearizationSoC estimation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCoulombElectrical and Electronic EngineeringOpen-circuit voltagelcsh:Electronics020208 electrical & electronic engineeringHysteresisTransducerState of chargeHardware and ArchitectureControl and Systems EngineeringHysteresis effectSignal ProcessingSettore ING-INF/07 - Misure Elettriche E ElettronicheElectronics
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Bayesian Methodology in Statistics

2009

Bayesian methods provide a complete paradigm for statistical inference under uncertainty. These may be derived from an axiomatic system and provide a coherent methodology which makes it possible to incorporate relevant initial information, and which solves many of the difficulties that frequentist methods are known to face. If no prior information is to be assumed, the more frequent situation met in scientific reporting, a formal initial prior function, the reference prior, mathematically derived from the assumed model, is used; this leads to objective Bayesian methods, objective in the precise sense that their results, like frequentist results, only depend on the assumed model and the data…

Bayesian statisticsBayes' theoremFrequentist inferenceStatisticsPrior probabilityBayesian hierarchical modelingBayes factorBayesian inferenceBayesian linear regressionMathematics
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Experimental observations of upstream overdeepening

2005

The issue of morphodynamic influence in meandering streams is investigated through a series of laboratory experiments on curved and straight flumes. Both qualitative and quantitative observations confirm the suitability of the recent theoretical developments (Zolezzi & Seminara 2001) that indicate the occurrence of two distinct regimes of morphodynamic influence, depending on the value of the width ratio of the channel β. The threshold value βR separating the upstream from the downstream influence regimes coincides with the resonant value discovered by Blondeaux & Seminara (1985). Indeed it is observed that upstream influence may occur only in relatively wide channels, while narrower stream…

BedformMechanics of MaterialsMechanical EngineeringOverdeepeningThe issue of morphodynamic influence in meandering streams is investigated through a series of laboratory experiments on curved and straight flumes. Both qualitative and quantitative observations confirm the suitability of the recent theoretical developments (Zolezzi & Seminara 2001) that indicate the occurrence of two distinct regimes of morphodynamic influence depending on the value of the width ratio of the channel β. The threshold value βR separating the upstream from the downstream influence regimes coincides with the resonant value discovered by Blondeaux & Seminara (1985). Indeed it is observed that upstream influence may occur only in relatively wide channels while narrower streams are dominated by downstream influence. A series of experiments has been carried out in order to check the above theoretical predictions and show for the first time evidence of the occurrence of upstream overdeepening. Two different sets of experiments have been designed where a discontinuity in channel geometry was present such that the channel morphodynamics was influenced in the upstream direction under super-resonant conditions (β >βR) and in the downstream direction under sub-resonant conditions (β <βR). Experimental results give qualitative and quantitative support to the theoretical predictions and allow us to clarify the limits of the linear analysis.MechanicsLinear analysisCondensed Matter PhysicsWidth ratioGeology
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3/4-efficient Bell measurement with passive linear optics and unentangled ancillae

2014

It is well known that an unambiguous discrimination of the four optically encoded Bell states is possible with a probability of $50\%$ at best, when using static, passive linear optics and arbitrarily many vacuum mode ancillae. By adding unentangled single-photon ancillae, we are able to surpass this limit and reach a success probability of at least $75\%$. We discuss the error robustness of the proposed scheme and a generalization to reach a success probability arbitrarily close to $100\%$.

Bell stateLinear opticsQuantum PhysicsMeasurement theoryComputer Science::Emerging TechnologiesRobustness (computer science)Computer scienceQuantum mechanicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Algorithm
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RISQUE ASSOCIE A L'UTILISATION DE LA LOI DE BENFORD POUR DETECTER DES VENTES FRAUDULEUSES DE BIENS INNOVANTS A LA MODE

2010

Benford's law has been promoted as providing the auditors with a turnkey solution for fraud detection. The purpose of this paper is to show it is not always possible to detect fraudulent sales with that law. We use sales in volume of game consoles in Japan (since 1989), in United-States, in France, in Germany and in United-Kingdom (since 2000). After reviewing briefly the literature and our study design, the chi-square test and the bias analysis were used to measure the goodness-of-fit to Benford's law. Despite the absence of actual fraud, these sale series of fashion goods are not significantly in conformity with Benford's law. Thus, for the detection of fraudulent sales in this sector, th…

Benford's lawfashion salesdetection of fraudnon-linear dynamical system.Loi de Benfordventes de biens à la modedétection de fraudesauditsystème dynamique non-linéairenon-linear dynamical system.[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administrationfashion salesdetection of fraudauditsystème dynamique non-linéaire[SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administrationBenford's law[ SHS.GESTION ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administrationventes de biens à la modeLoi de Benforddétection de fraudes
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Protective role of mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological flexibility on the burnout subtypes among psychology and nursing undergraduate stud…

2021

Abstract To explore the relationship between mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological flexibility, and the burnout subtypes in university students of the Psychology and Nursing degrees, and to analyse possible risk factors for developing burnout among socio-demographic and studies-related characteristics. Design Cross-sectional study conducted on a sample of 644 undergraduate students of Nursing and Psychology from two Spanish universities. Methods The study was conducted between December 2015 and May 2016. Bivariate Pearson's correlations were computed to analyse the association between mindfulness facets, self-compassion and psychological flexibility, and levels of burnout. Multivar…

Bienestar del estudianteMindfulnesshealth care facilities manpower and servicesEnfermedad profesionalCalidad de la vida laboraleducationBivariate analysisBurnoutLogistic regression03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNursinghealth services administrationBayesian multivariate linear regressionHumansMeditación030212 general & internal medicineAssociation (psychology)Burnout ProfessionalGeneral Nursing030504 nursingFlexibility (personality)Cross-Sectional StudiesAtención plenaStudents NursingEmpathy0305 other medical sciencePsychologyMindfulnesspsychological phenomena and processesSelf-compassionJournal of advanced nursingREFERENCES
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Phase separation of symmetrical polymer mixtures in thin-film geometry

1995

Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model of symmetrical polymer blends confined between two “neutral” repulsive walls are presented for chain lengthNA=NB=32 and a wide range of film thicknessD (fromD=8 toD=48 in units of the lattice spacing). The critical temperaturesTc(D) of unmixing are located by finite-size scaling methods, and it is shown that\(T_c (\infty ) - T_c (D) \propto D^{ - {1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 {v_3 }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {v_3 }}} \), wherev3≈0.63 is the correlation length exponent of the three-dimensional Ising model universality class. Contrary to this result, it is argued that the critical behavior of the films is ruled by two-dimensi…

BinodalLattice constantCondensed matter physicsExponentStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsObservableIsing modelRenormalization groupCritical exponentMathematical PhysicsFlatteningMathematicsJournal of Statistical Physics
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Essential versus accessory aspects of cell death: recommendations of the NCCD 2015

2015

Cells exposed to extreme physicochemical or mechanical stimuli die in an uncontrollable manner, as a result of their immediate structural breakdown. Such an unavoidable variant of cellular demise is generally referred to as ?accidental cell death' (ACD). In most settings, however, cell death is initiated by a genetically encoded apparatus, correlating with the fact that its course can be altered by pharmacologic or genetic interventions. "Regulated cell death" (RCD) can occur as part of physiologic programs or can be activated once adaptive responses to perturbations of the extracellular or intracellular microenvironment fail. The biochemical phenomena that accompany RCD may be harnessed to…

Biochemical Manifestations of Cell DeathISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURYApoptosisReviewTransduction (genetics)0302 clinical medicineCASPASE INHIBITION SWITCHESAnimals; Humans; Terminology as Topic; Apoptosis; Signal Transduction610 Medicine &amp; healthCaspaseTUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR0303 health sciencesSettore BIO/17biologySettore BIO/11NeurodegenerationSettore BIO/13APOPTOSIS3. Good healthMedicina Básicacell death030220 oncology & carcinogenesiscell death; Morphologic Aspects of Cell Death; Biochemical Manifestations of Cell DeathSignal transductionDOMAIN-LIKE PROTEINIntracellularHumanSignal TransductionNecroptosiCYTOCHROME-C RELEASEOUTER-MEMBRANE PERMEABILIZATIONProgrammed cell deathCIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUDSettore BIO/06Inmunología610 Medicine & healthCELL DEATHNOQ-VD-OPH03 medical and health sciencesSettore MED/04 - PATOLOGIA GENERALEddc:570Terminology as TopicAPOPTOSIS-INDUCING FACTORMIXED LINEAGE KINASEmedicineAnimalsHumansAnimals; Humans; Terminology as Topic; Apoptosis; Signal Transduction; Molecular Biology; Cell BiologyMorphologic Aspects of Cell DeathSettore BIO/10Molecular Biology030304 developmental biologyAnimalCell growthApoptosiBiology and Life SciencesCell Biologymedicine.diseaseMITOCHONDRIAL PERMEABILITY TRANSITIONApoptosisImmunologybiology.proteinNeuroscienceCell death and differentiation
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Sparse Manifold Clustering and Embedding to discriminate gene expression profiles of glioblastoma and meningioma tumors.

2013

Sparse Manifold Clustering and Embedding (SMCE) algorithm has been recently proposed for simultaneous clustering and dimensionality reduction of data on nonlinear manifolds using sparse representation techniques. In this work, SMCE algorithm is applied to the differential discrimination of Glioblastoma and Meningioma Tumors by means of their Gene Expression Profiles. Our purpose was to evaluate the robustness of this nonlinear manifold to classify gene expression profiles, characterized by the high-dimensionality of their representations and the low discrimination power of most of the genes. For this objective, we used SMCE to reduce the dimensionality of a preprocessed dataset of 35 single…

BioinformaticsHealth InformaticsMicroarray data analysisRobustness (computer science)Databases GeneticCluster AnalysisHumansManifoldsCluster analysisMathematicsOligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysisbusiness.industryDimensionality reductionGene Expression ProfilingComputational BiologyDiscriminant AnalysisPattern recognitionSparse approximationLinear discriminant analysisManifoldComputer Science ApplicationsFISICA APLICADAEmbeddingAutomatic classificationArtificial intelligencebusinessGlioblastomaMeningiomaTranscriptomeAlgorithmsCurse of dimensionalityComputers in biology and medicine
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