Search results for "Linear"

showing 10 items of 7165 documents

Substitution–dilution method to correct the matrix effect in multi-element quantitative analysis by X-ray fluorescence

2001

Abstract A mathematical model based on the dilution–addition method (DAM) for multi-elemental analysis using an X-ray fluorescence technique is proposed. The conditions for sample preparation do not require both the unknown and standard samples to be similar in composition and mineralogy, and the unknown sample is replaced quantitatively by the standard sample, hence the denomination substitution–dilution method (SDM). This method makes it possible to correct the matrix effect in multi-elemental quantitative analysis by X-ray fluorescence for each analyte. The proposed model presents hyperbolic behaviour of the experimental data when the X-ray fluorescence intensities are represented versus…

Internal standardAnalyteChemistryHyperbolic functionAnalytical chemistryLinear modelDiluentAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical ChemistryDilutionMatrix (chemical analysis)Sample preparationInstrumentationSpectroscopySpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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Internal Test Sets Studies in a Group of Antimalarials

2006

Topological indices have been applied to build QSAR models for a set of 20 an- timalarial cyclic peroxy cetals. In order to evalua te the reliability of the proposed linear models leave-n-out and Internal Test Sets (ITS) approaches have b een considered. The pro- posed procedure resulted in a robust and consensued prediction equation and here it is shown why it is superior to the employed standard c ross-validation algorithms involving multilinear regression models.

Internal test sets method; topological indices; linear models; QSAR; statistical validation.Quantitative structure–activity relationshipMultilinear mapInternal test sets methodLinear models (Statistics)CatalysisInorganic ChemistrySet (abstract data type)lcsh:ChemistryQSAR (Bioquímica)Order (group theory)Applied mathematicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopyReliability (statistics)Mathematicsstatistical validation.Group (mathematics)QSAROrganic ChemistryLinear modelRegression analysisGeneral MedicineComputer Science Applicationslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Models lineals (Estadística)topological indiceslinear modelsInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Costochondral Grafts in the treatment of Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a Clinical Study

2011

Background: Treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis usually requires adequate excision of the involved ankylotic block (arthroplasty) without interposing any material (gap arthroplasty) or interpositional arthroplasty using autogenous or alloplastic materials. The objective of this paper was to note the potential of the costochondral graft (CCGs) as an interpositional material and to see whether they induce normal growth potential in the reconstructed mandible. Materials and method: The ankylosed temporomandibular joint was reached by a preauricular incision with or without angulation and exposed. In the first 4 cases, arthroplasty was done using a bur. The bony mass was detach…

Interpositional arthroplastybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentMandibleDentistryOdontologíamedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]ArthroplastyCiencias de la saludTemporomandibular jointClinical studymedicine.anatomical_structureUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASTemporomandibular joint ankylosisAnkylosismedicinebusinessLinear growthGeneral Dentistry
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Linear Regression Analysis

2010

SUMMARY Background: Regression analysis is an important statistical method for the analysis of medical data. It enables the identification and characterization of relationships among multiple factors. It also enables the identification of prognostically relevant risk factors and the calculation of risk scores for individual prognostication. Methods: This article is based on selected textbooks of statistics, a selective review of the literature, and our own experience. Results: After a brief introduction of the uni- and multivariable regression models, illustrative examples are given to explain what the important considerations are before a regression analysis is performed, and how the resul…

Interpretation (logic)business.industryMultivariable calculusLinear modelRegression analysisGeneral MedicineMachine learningcomputer.software_genreVariety (cybernetics)Identification (information)Linear regressionMedicineArtificial intelligencebusinessRegression diagnosticcomputerDeutsches Ärzteblatt international
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Theoretical rotational constants of MeCnN species

1990

Abstract By means of SCF HF “ab initio” calculations with STO-3G and 6-31G basis sets, the geometric parameters of methylcyanopolyynes (MeCnN n=3, 5, 7 and 9) have been obtained. B0=0.3748 GHz for MeC7N and B0=0.2708 GHz for MeC9N, with a STO-3G basis set, were obtained. Both species, unstable in the laboratory, are still undetected in the interstellar medium, although their existence is very probable.

Interstellar mediumchemistry.chemical_compoundCondensed matter physicsBasis (linear algebra)NitrileChemistryGaussian orbitalAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyRotational spectroscopyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular physicsBasis setChemical Physics Letters
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Detector for monitoring potential bleeding during electron intraoperative radiotherapy

2018

Purpose: The aim of this work is to develop a bleeding detector integrated into the acrylic circular applicators for specific mobile linacs. Thus, a bleeding detector has been developed based on a capacitive sensor to be used with plastic applicators, as in the case of LIAC HWL from Sordina IORT Technologies SpA. According to the clinical impact, we have selected 0.5 cm as the minimum depth of fluid that should be detected. Methods: An experiment was developed using water-simulating blood. Two setups were considered: non-beveled applicators with 7 cm and 10 cm diameter. Measurements were done for applicators 0 degrees and 45 degrees tilted, both with respect to the horizontal surface, in or…

Intraoperative radiotherapyMaterials scienceCapacitive sensingBiophysicsPhase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyElectronsHemorrhageRadiation030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingIntraoperative Period03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationRadiation InjuriesRadiotherapybusiness.industryBleedingContinuous monitoringDetectorLinearityGeneral MedicineBevel030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCapacitive sensorParticle AcceleratorsbusinessPhysica Medica
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Phantom development for daily checks in electron intraoperative radiotherapy with a mobile linac.

2020

Abstract Purpose IORT with mobile linear accelerators is a well-established modality where the dose rate and, therefore, the dose per pulse are very high. The constancy of the dosimetric parameters of the accelerator has to be checked daily. The aim of this work is to develop a phantom with embedded detectors to improve both accuracy and efficiency in the daily test of an IORT linac at the surgery room. Methods The developed phantom is manufactured with transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), allocating 6 parallel-plate chambers: a central one to evaluate the on-axis beam output, another on-axis one placed at a fixed depth under the previous one to evaluate the energy constancy and four…

Intraoperative radiotherapyMaterials scienceFlatness (systems theory)BiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronsLinear particle acceleratorImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsDosimetryIonizationDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiometrybusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingDetectorRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineQuality assurance030220 oncology & carcinogenesisParticle AcceleratorsbusinessQuality assuranceBeam (structure)Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
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Three-dimensional singletons

1990

The three-dimensional analog of singleton gauge theory turns out to be related to the topological gauge theory of Schwartz and Witten. It is a fully-fledged gauge theory, though it involves only a single scalar field. Real, physical degrees of freedom propagate in 3-space, but they are ‘confined’ in the sense that they cannot be detected locally. The physical Hamiltonian density is not zero, but it is concentrated on the boundary at spatial infinity. This boundary surface, a torus, supports a two-dimensional conformal field theory.

Introduction to gauge theoryHamiltonian lattice gauge theorySupersymmetric gauge theoryLattice field theoryStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsGeometryMathematical PhysicsGauge anomalyBRST quantizationGauge symmetryMathematicsGauge fixingMathematical physicsLetters in Mathematical Physics
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Some topological invariants for three-dimensional flows

2001

We deal here with vector fields on three manifolds. For a system with a homoclinic orbit to a saddle-focus point, we show that the imaginary part of the complex eigenvalues is a conjugacy invariant. We show also that the ratio of the real part of the complex eigenvalue over the real one is invariant under topological equivalence. For a system with two saddle-focus points and an orbit connecting the one-dimensional invariant manifold of those points, we compute a conjugacy invariant related to the eigenvalues of the vector field at the singularities. (c) 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Invariant polynomialApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisInvariant manifoldGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsFinite type invariantConjugacy classHeteroclinic orbitHomoclinic orbitInvariant (mathematics)Mathematical PhysicsCenter manifoldMathematicsChaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science
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Boolean-controlled systems via receding horizon and linear programing

2009

We consider dynamic systems controlled by boolean signals or decisions. We show that in a number of cases, the receding horizon formulation of the control problem can be solved via linear programing by relaxing the binary constraints on the control. The idea behind our approach is conceptually easy: a feasible control can be forced by imposing that the boolean signal is set to one at least one time over the horizon. We translate this idea into constraints on the controls and analyze the polyhedron of all feasible controls. We specialize the approach to the stabilizability of switched and impulsively controlled systems.

Inventory controlMathematical optimizationControl and OptimizationLinear programmingApplied MathematicsHorizonSIGNAL (programming language)Binary numberSet (abstract data type)PolyhedronControl and Systems EngineeringControl theoryHybrid systemSignal ProcessingImpulse control inventory control hybrid systemsMathematics
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