Search results for "Linear"

showing 10 items of 7165 documents

Effects of forest patch size on physiological stress and immunocompetence in an area-sensitive passerine, the Eurasian treecreeper ( Certhia familiar…

2004

We manipulated the primary brood size of Eurasian treecreepers (Certhia familiaris) breeding in different sized forest patches (0.5-12.8 ha) in moderately fragmented landscapes. We examined the effects of brood size manipulation (reduced, control, enlarged) and forest patch size on physiological stress (heterophil-lymphocyte ratios; H/L), body condition and cell-mediated immunocompetence (phytohaemagglutinin test). Nestlings' H/L ratios were negatively related to forest patch area in control and enlarged broods, whereas no effects were found in reduced broods. The effects of forest patch area were strongest in enlarged broods, which had, in general, twofold higher H/L ratios than control an…

Population DynamicsZoologyEnvironmentPopulation densityGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyTreesSongbirdsStress Physiologicalbiology.animalLeukocytesAnimalsPhytohemagglutininsFinlandreproductive and urinary physiologyPhysiological stressGeneral Environmental SciencePopulation DensityGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyEcologyfungiGeneral MedicineCerthia familiarisbiology.organism_classificationPasserineBroodHabitat destructionLinear Modelsbehavior and behavior mechanismsTreecreeperImmunocompetenceGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesResearch ArticleProceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
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AN HYPERBOLIC-PARABOLIC PREDATOR-PREY MODEL INVOLVING A VOLE POPULATION STRUCTURED IN AGE

2020

Abstract We prove existence and stability of entropy solutions for a predator-prey system consisting of an hyperbolic equation for predators and a parabolic-hyperbolic equation for preys. The preys' equation, which represents the evolution of a population of voles as in [2] , depends on time, t, age, a, and on a 2-dimensional space variable x, and it is supplemented by a nonlocal boundary condition at a = 0 . The drift term in the predators' equation depends nonlocally on the density of preys and the two equations are also coupled via classical source terms of Lotka-Volterra type, as in [4] . We establish existence of solutions by applying the vanishing viscosity method, and we prove stabil…

Population dynamicsPopulationType (model theory)Space (mathematics)01 natural sciencesStability (probability)Predator-prey systemsNonlinear Sciences::Adaptation and Self-Organizing SystemsApplied mathematicsQuantitative Biology::Populations and Evolution[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]0101 mathematicseducationEntropy (arrow of time)Variable (mathematics)Mathematicseducation.field_of_studyApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsNonlocal boundary value problemNonlocal conservation lawsParabolic-hyperbolic equationsTerm (time)010101 applied mathematicsPopulation dynamics Predator-prey systems Parabolic-hyperbolic equations Nonlocal conservation laws Nonlocal boundary value problemHyperbolic partial differential equationAnalysis
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Between-population Similarity in Intestinal Parasite Community Structure of Pike (Esox Lucius)—Effects of Distance and Historical Connections

2009

The effect of geographical distance on similarity in parasite communities of freshwater fish has received considerable attention in recent years, and it has become evident that these apparently simple relationships are influenced by, among other things, colonization ability of parasites and degree of connectivity between the populations. In the present paper, we explored qualitative and quantitative similarity in the intestinal parasite communities of pike (Esox lucius) in a particular system where previously interconnected groups of lakes became isolated ca. 8,400 yr ago. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find differences in similarity between the lake groups or a negative effect of…

PopulationIntestinal parasiteFresh WaterBiologymedicine.disease_causeFish DiseasesSimilarity (network science)Geographical distancePrevalencemedicineAnimalsColonizationIntestinal Diseases ParasiticeducationFinlandEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEsoxPikecomputer.programming_languageAnalysis of Varianceeducation.field_of_studyGeographyEcologyCommunity structurebiology.organism_classificationEsocidaeLinear ModelsParasitologyHelminthiasis AnimalcomputerJournal of Parasitology
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Random forests, a novel approach for discrimination of fish populations using parasites as biological tags.

2008

Due to the complexity of host-parasite relationships, discrimination between fish populations using parasites as biological tags is difficult. This study introduces, to our knowledge for the first time, random forests (RF) as a new modelling technique in the application of parasite community data as biological markers for population assignment of fish. This novel approach is applied to a dataset with a complex structure comprising 763 parasite infracommunities in population samples of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, from the spawning/feeding areas in five regions in the North East Atlantic (Baltic, Celtic, Irish and North seas and Icelandic waters). The learning behaviour of RF is evaluated in …

PopulationPopulation DynamicsSample (statistics)Host-Parasite InteractionsFish DiseasesGadusAnimalsParasiteseducationAtlantic Oceaneducation.field_of_studyArtificial neural networkbiologybusiness.industrySampling (statistics)Pattern recognitionbiology.organism_classificationLinear discriminant analysisRandom forestFisheryStatistical classificationInfectious DiseasesGadus morhuaParasitologyArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsInternational journal for parasitology
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Quasi-brittle porous material: Simulated effect of stochastic air void structure on compressive strength

2021

Abstract The effect of porosity comprised of spherical air voids on the compressive strength of quasi-brittle material was studied via simulations. The simulated porous structures were based on pore size distributions of two mortar samples measured by X-ray microtomography. While the simulation method set practical limits on the size of sample, the base of the statistics was established by simulating 128 small structures generated by sampling from pore structures of two mortars. By studying the application of the classical strength-porosity formulas to the simulated data, a new simple model was formed. A linear relationship was achieved between the cubic root of air void fraction (porosity)…

Pore sizeVoid (astronomy)Materials scienceScattering0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyBuilding and Construction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhysics::GeophysicsCompressive strengthBrittlenessLinear relationship021105 building & constructionGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materialMortar0210 nano-technologyPorosityCement and Concrete Research
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Synthèse de nouveaux agents bimodaux hydrosolubles pour l'IRM, l'imagerie nucléaire, l'imagerie biphotonique et la génération de second harmonique

2015

The goal of my PhD studies was to synthesize new compounds for possible medical imaging applications. The first part of my thesis focused on the synthesis of heteroleptic ligands to achieve the chelation of two different metals aimed at addressing two types of medical imaging. We first synthesized porphyrins, which are well-known for the chelation of numerous transition metals. We focused on copper, whose copper-64 isotope is a β+ emitter usable in Positron Emission Tomography (PET). These porphyrins have been coupled with a DOTA derivative. This molecule, metallated with gadolinium, is well-known in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Our compounds display encouraging relaxivities for MRI ap…

PorphyrinsNonlinear opticsTétraazamacrocycles[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryTetraazamacrocyclesRelaxivité[CHIM.ORGA] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistrySHGIRM / TEPPorphyrinesOptique non-linéaire[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryHyperpolarizabilityGSHHyperpolarisabilitéMRI / PETRelaxivityDPPTPEFF2P
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Use of a running coupling in the NLO calculation of forward hadron production

2018

We address and solve a puzzle raised by a recent calculation [1] of the cross-section for particle production in proton-nucleus collisions to next-to-leading order: the numerical results show an un- reasonably large dependence upon the choice of a prescription for the QCD running coupling, which spoils the predictive power of the calculation. Specifically, the results obtained with a prescription formulated in the transverse coordinate space differ by one to two orders of magnitude from those obtained with a prescription in momentum space. We show that this discrepancy is an artefact of the interplay between the asymptotic freedom of QCD and the Fourier transform from coordinate space to mo…

Position and momentum spaceQCD EVOLUTION01 natural sciencesAsymptotic freedomquantum chromodynamics: correctionhard scatteringHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)coupling constant: energy dependencestrong interaction: coupling constantEQUATIONkvanttifysiikkaComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsQUARKhigher-order: 1nuclear physicssddc:12.39.StHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology12.38.Bxsymbolsydinfysiikkahadron: forward productionFOS: Physical sciences114 Physical sciencesRENORMALIZATION-GROUP12.38.Cysymbols.namesakeCross section (physics)Theoretical physicsquantum chromodynamics0103 physical sciencessirontarelativistic heavy-ion collisionCoordinate spacenumerical calculations010306 general physicsp nucleus: scatteringcorrection: higher-orderCouplingta114010308 nuclear & particles physics25.75.-qCOLOR GLASS CONDENSATENONLINEAR GLUON EVOLUTIONRenormalization groupFourier transformasymptotic freedom[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph][ PHYS.HPHE ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Physical Review D
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Stability and l1-gain analysis for positive 2D T–S fuzzy state-delayed systems in the second FM model

2014

This paper considers the problems of delay-dependent stability and l"1-gain analysis for a class of positive two-dimensional (2D) Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy linear systems with state delays described by the second FM model. Firstly, the co-positive type Lyapunov function method is applied to establish sufficient conditions of asymptotical stability for the addressed positive 2D T-S fuzzy system. Then, the l"1-gain performance analysis for the positive 2D T-S fuzzy delayed system is studied. All the obtained results are formulated in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which are computationally tractable. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the effectiveness of the p…

Positive 2D systemsLyapunov functionT-S fuzzy systemsCognitive NeuroscienceLinear systemLinear matrix inequalityDelay-dependent stabilityComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionFuzzy control systemState (functional analysis)Fuzzy logicStability (probability)Computer Science Applicationssymbols.namesakeArtificial IntelligenceControl theorysymbolsCo-positive type Lyapunov functionFuzzy numberCo-positive type Lyapunov function; Delay-dependent stability; Positive 2D systems; T-S fuzzy systems; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Cognitive Neuroscience; Artificial IntelligenceMathematicsNeurocomputing
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A singular (p,q)-equation with convection and a locally defined perturbation

2021

We consider a parametric Dirichlet problem driven by the (p,q)-Laplacian and a reaction which is gradient dependent (convection) and the competing effects of two more terms, one a parametric singular term and a locally defined perturbation. We show that for all small values of the parameter the problem has a positive smooth solution.

Positive solutionPseudomonotone operatorSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaSettore MAT/03 - GeometriaNonlinear maximum principleConvectionNonlinear regularity
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Active contour algorithm with discriminant analysis for delineating tumors in positron emission tomography.

2019

Abstract In the context of cancer delineation using positron emission tomography datasets, we present an innovative approach which purpose is to tackle the real-time, three-dimensional segmentation task in a full, or at least nearly full automatized way. The approach comprises a preliminary initialization phase where the user highlights a region of interest around the cancer on just one slice of the tomographic dataset. The algorithm takes care of identifying an optimal and user-independent region of interest around the anomalous tissue and located on the slice containing the highest standardized uptake value so to start the successive segmentation task. The three-dimensional volume is then…

Positron emission tomographyComputer scienceInitializationMedicine (miscellaneous)Context (language use)Imaging phantomActive contour algorithm03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRegion of interestArtificial IntelligenceNeoplasmsmedicineHumansSegmentation030304 developmental biologyRetrospective Studies0303 health sciencesActive contour modelDiscriminant analysimedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryDiscriminant AnalysisPattern recognitionLinear discriminant analysisPositron emission tomographyBiological target volume segmentationPositron-Emission TomographyArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsArtificial intelligence in medicine
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