Search results for "Linezolid"
showing 10 items of 26 documents
Resistance profiles and risk factors of resistant microorganisms in bacteraemia of abdominal origin
2017
Abstract Objective The presence of resistant microorganisms is a major cause of failure in initial empirical antimicrobial therapy. The objectives of this study are to determine the resistance profile of microorganisms that cause bacteraemia of abdominal origin and to identify whether the previous use of antibiotics and the place of acquisition of bacteraemia are risk factors associated with the presence of resistant organisms. Material and methods A clinical, observational, epidemiological, retrospective cohort study was conducted with all the adult patients admitted to a university hospital from 2011 to 2013. Antimicrobial resistance profiles were described and a 95% confidence interval c…
Ribosome-Targeting Antibiotics Impair T Cell Effector Function and Ameliorate Autoimmunity by Blocking Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis
2019
Summary While antibiotics are intended to specifically target bacteria, most are known to affect host cell physiology. In addition, some antibiotic classes are reported as immunosuppressive for reasons that remain unclear. Here, we show that Linezolid, a ribosomal-targeting antibiotic (RAbo), effectively blocked the course of a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Linezolid and other RAbos were strong inhibitors of T helper-17 cell effector function in vitro, showing that this effect was independent of their antibiotic activity. Perturbing mitochondrial translation in differentiating T cells, either with RAbos or through the inhibition of mitochondrial elongation factor G1 (mEF-G1) progressi…
Linezolid and atorvastatin impact on pneumonia caused by Staphyloccocus aureus in rabbits with or without mechanical ventilation
2017
International audience; Pneumonia may involve methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with elevated rates of antibiotics failure. The present study aimed to assess the effect of statins given prior to pneumonia development. Spontaneously breathing (SB) or mechanically ventilated (MV) rabbits with pneumonia received atorvastatin alone, linezolid (LNZ) alone, or a combination of both (n = 5 in each group). Spontaneously breathing and MV untreated infected animals (n = 11 in each group), as well as uninfected animals (n = 5 in each group) were used as controls. Microbiological features and inflammation were evaluated. Data are presented as medians (interquartile range). Linezolid a…
Drug resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from patients with nosocomial pneumonia at Tehran hospitals during 2009-2011
2013
Introduction: Nosocomial pneumonia remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Surveillance programs play an important role in the identification of common etiologic agents and local patterns of antimicrobial resistance. Methodology: In this study we determined the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from patients with nosocomial pneumonia during 2009 to 2011. Results: A total of 642 bacteria were isolated from 516 suspected samples. Acinetobacter baumannii (21.1%, n = 136), was the commonest isolated pathogen followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.4%, n = 112) , Staphylococcus aureus (15.8%, n = 102) and enterococci (8.4% n = 54). The most …
Asymmetric synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles analogues of Linezolid
2014
Oxazolidinones are a class of antibacterial agents which displayed activity againist a variety of gram-positive pathogens and are highly potent against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Linezolid is the first oxazolidinone antibiotic approved for clinical use but linezolid resistance began to appear. 1,2,4 – Oxadiazoles are known bioactive heterocycles whose activity has been often associated to their bioisosterism with amide or ester functionalities [1]. As results of a research project on the molecular design of heterocycle – based antibacterials to contrast Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) [2], we report the synthesis of 1,2,4 - Oxadiazole analogues of Linezolid. The synthesis has been achieved b…
Clinicopathological profile of gastrointestinal tuberculosis: a multinational ID-IRI study
2020
Data are relatively scarce on gastro-intestinal tuberculosis (GITB). Most studies are old and from single centers, or did not include immunosuppressed patients. Thus, we aimed to determine the clinical, radiological, and laboratory profiles of GITB. We included adults with proven GITB treated between 2000 and 2018. Patients were enrolled from 21 referral centers in 8 countries (Belgium, Egypt, France, Italy, Kazakhstan, Saudi Arabia, UK, and Turkey). One hundred four patients were included. Terminal ileum (n = 46, 44.2%), small intestines except terminal ileum (n = 36, 34.6%), colon (n = 29, 27.8%), stomach (n = 6, 5.7%), and perianal (one patient) were the sites of GITB. One-third of all p…
Expanding spectrum of illness due to community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a case report
2009
Introduction Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rarely identified form of chronic pyelonephritis usually caused by gram-negative organisms. Herein, we report the first case caused by infection due to community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain. Case presentation An HIV-infected female with a history of intravenous drug use presented with a three month history of abdominal pain, distension, and fever. Computerized tomography of the abdomen revealed a large multicystic right kidney mass. During surgical exploration an intrarenal abscess was identified. Cultures revealed the presence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Histopath…
New linezolid-like 1,2,4-oxadiazoles active against Gram-positive multiresistant pathogens
2013
The synthesis and the in vitro antibacterial activity of novel linezolid-like oxadiazoles are reported. Replacement of the linezolid morpholine C-ring with 1,2,4-oxadiazole results in an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus both methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant comparable or even superior to that of linezolid. While acetamidomethyl or thioacetoamidomethyl moieties in the C(5) side-chain are required, fluorination of the phenyl B ring exhibits a slight effect on an antibacterial activity but its presence seems to reduce the compounds cytotoxicity. Molecular modeling performed using two different approaches - FLAP and Amber software - shows that in the binding…
In vitro activity of linezolid, clarithromycin and moxifloxacin against clinical isolates of Mycobacterium kansasii
2005
To compare the activity of linezolid with a range of drugs used in the treatment of Mycobacterium kansasii infections.The percentages of resistant isolates against isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol were 2.9%, 1.9% and 2.9%, respectively. All isolates were susceptible to clarithromycin and moxifloxacin both with MIC(90) values of 0.125 mg/L. Linezolid was active against all isolates with MIC(50) and MIC(90) values of 0.5 and 1 mg/L, respectively, both below the susceptibility breakpoint established for mycobacteria.Linezolid, clarithromycin or moxifloxacin, could be used as alternative drugs for treatment of infections due to rifampicin-resistant isolates as well as short-course or interm…
Ventilator-associated Pneumonia and MRSA ST398, Italy
2010
To the Editor: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type (ST)398 has become increasingly common in livestock, particularly pigs, in some countries in Europe, such as Spain and Germany (1). In Italy, prevalences as high as 14% and 21.6% in pig-breeding facilities and meat-processing sites, respectively, have been recently reported (1). Possible association of MRSA in animals with infection in humans has been investigated. One study showed a strong relationship between contact with pigs or calves and carriage by persons having direct contact with animals and families of persons who handle animals (2). Moreover, an MRSA prevalence >11.9% has been described by de Boer et …