Search results for "Lipid Peroxide"
showing 10 items of 36 documents
Retinal oxidation, apoptosis and age- and sex-differences in the mnd mutant mouse, a model of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
2004
Retinal degeneration is an early and progressive event in many forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders with unknown pathogenesis. We here used the mutant motor neuron degeneration (mnd) mouse, a late-infantile NCL variant, to investigate the retinal oxidative state and apoptotic cell death as a function of age and sex. Total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels revealed progressive increases in retinal oxyradicals and lipid peroxides of mnd mice of both sexes. Female mnd retinas showed a higher oxidation rate and consistently exhibited the 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE)-adduc…
Cadmium-Induced Enteropathy in Domestic Cocks: A Biochemical and Histological Study after Subchronic Exposure
2007
The biochemical and histological sequelae resulting from a diet containing 50.20 mg cadmium/kg were studied in Lohmann brown cockerels from hatching until 30 days of age. The additional cadmium chloride (CdCl(2)) to the diet induced the formation of lipid peroxides, which via a chain reaction led to accumulation of malondialdehyde in intestinal mucosa. At the end of the study (after 30 days of cadmium exposure) total protein and metallothionein levels in the intestinal mucosa and the relative ileal and duodenal weight increased. Histological data show that CdCl(2) causes an increase in number of goblet cells and granular lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa. Down-regulation of the serotonin…
Paraoxonase-1 deficiency is associated with severe liver steatosis in mice fed a high-fat high-cholesterol diet: a metabolomic approach.
2013
Oxidative stress is a determinant of liver steatosis and the progression to more severe forms of disease. The present study investigated the effect of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) deficiency on histological alterations and hepatic metabolism in mice fed a high-fat high-cholesterol diet. We performed nontargeted metabolomics on liver tissues from 8 male PON1-deficient mice and 8 wild-type animals fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 22 weeks. We also measured 8-oxo-20-deoxyguanosine, reduced and oxidized glutathione, malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostanes and protein carbonyl concentrations. Results indicated lipid droplets in 14.5% of the hepatocytes of wild-type mice and in 83.3% of the PON1-deficie…
Oxidant/antioxidant status in obese children compared to pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
2009
Codoner-Franch P, Pons-Morales S, Boix-Garcia L, Valls-Belles V. Oxidant/antioxidant status in obese children compared to pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) mellitus and obesity are recognized risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). A common mechanism underlying an increased risk for endothelial dysfunction in these two metabolic diseases is oxidative stress. Objective: To evaluate and compare the oxidant/antioxidant defense systems in children affected with T1D or obesity in order to determine the importance of oxidative stress before the emergence of complications. Subjects: Children with T1D (n = 20) or obesity (n = 22), without com…
Absence of lipid peroxidation as determined by ethane exhalation in rats treated with 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD).
1985
The exhalation of ethane is widely used as an indicator of in vivo lipid peroxidation. To test the hypothesis that lipid peroxidative events are involved in the toxicity of 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), we administered a lethal dose of TCDD (60 μg/kg), IP to male Sprague Dawley rats (160–180 g) and measured by gas chromatography the exhalation of ethane into the atmosphere of a closed all-glass exposure chamber. TCDD-treated rats exhaled only slightly more ethane than control rats at a single time point 7 days following TCDD administration. Since the exhalation of ethane is the net result of the endogenous production of the gas and its metabolic degradation, the latter was …
Pro-oxidant effects of 7-hydroperoxycholest-5-en-3β-ol on the copper-initiated oxidation of low density lipoprotein
1995
AbstractIn low density lipoproteins (LDL) supplemented with aged cholesterol and oxidized in the presence of Cu2+, an increase of the lipid oxidation parameters was observed compared with pure cholesterol-enriched LDL. A compound, identified as 7-hydroperoxycholesterol (7HPC), isolated from aged cholesterol and added to LDL, reproduced the above effects. The results indicate that the pro-oxidant effect of 7HPC is dependent on the hydroperoxy group since the corresponding alcohol derivative, 7α-hydroxycholesterol, had no such effect. These data suggest that among the LDL-associated lipid peroxides, cholesterol peroxides may have important implications in the susceptibility of this lipoprotei…
Photo-polymerized lauryl methacrylate monolithic columns for CEC using lauroyl peroxide as initiator
2009
Lauryl methacrylate (LMA)-ester based monolithic columns photo-polymerized using lauroyl peroxide (LPO) as initiator were prepared, and their morphological and CEC properties were studied. The composition of the polymerization mixture (i.e. ratios of monomers/porogenic solvents, 1,4-butanediol/1-propanol and LMA/crosslinker) was optimized. The morphological and chromatographic properties of LMA columns were evaluated by means of SEM pictures and van Deemter plots of PAHs, respectively. The polymerization mixture selected as optimal provided a fast separation of a mixture of PAHs with excellent efficiencies (minimum plate heights of 8.9-11.1 μm). Satisfactory column-to-column (RS D < 4.5%) a…
Comparison on photo-initiators for the preparation of methacrylate monolithic columns for capillary electrochromatography.
2010
The synthesis of lauryl methacrylate monoliths for capillary electrochromatography by UV polymerization using several free-radical initiators (alpha,alpha'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) and lauroyl peroxide (LPO)) has been investigated. Using a 1,4-butanediol/1-propanol mixture as porogenic solvent, the influence of each initiator and its content on the morphological and electrochromatographical properties of beds was evaluated. Under their respective optimum content, satisfactory separations of a test mixture of PAHs with similar efficiencies (minimum plate heights of 8.0-12.7 microm obtained from Van Deemter plots) were achieved for t…
Toxicity of fatty acid hydroperoxides towards Yarrowia lipolytica: Implication of their membrane fluidizing action
2007
Abstract Linoleic acid hydroperoxide (HPOD), substrate of hydroperoxide lyase, an enzyme of the lipoxygenase pathway, can be transformed into many aromatic compounds, the so-called “green notes”. The presence of linoleic acid hydroperoxide in the culture medium of Yarrowia lipolytica, the yeast expressing the cloned hydroperoxide lyase of green bell pepper, undoubtedly exerted an inhibition on the growth and a toxic effect with 90% of yeast cells died after 120 min of exposition in 100 mM HPOD solution. The increase in cell membrane fluidity evaluated by measuring fluorescence generalized polarization with the increasing concentration of HPOD in the medium confirmed the fluidizing action of…
Determination of Plasma Lipid Hydroperoxides by an NADPH/NADP + Coupled Enzyme Reaction System. Evaluation of a Method
1998
Summary: Several techniques based on different principles have been proposed to measure lipid hydroperoxides. Enzymatic methods are sensitive and can be quite specific but they are subject to interference by inhibitors and not all are stoichiometric. The present work proposes some modifications of the Heath & Tappel (Anal Biochem 1976; 7:184—91) enzymatic method of determination of lipid hydroperoxides in order to standardize and automate it and to meet the analytical criteria required for a biological assay. The proposed new protocol and the automated assay give acceptable within-run and between-run precisions, with coefficients of variation of 3.34% and 5.80%, respectively, at the usual p…