Search results for "Lipoproteins."
showing 10 items of 492 documents
Distribution of homocysteine and cysteine in plasma lipoprotein fractions
2008
S-thiolation of plasma proteins have been detected in healthy humans, in patients with cardiovascular diseases and it is a recurrent phenomenon in oxidative stress elicited by reactive oxygen species. The low-molecular-weight aminothiols homocysteine (Hcy) and cysteine (Cys) can exist in the plasma either free or bound to thiol-combining groups, many of which are present in proteins (Pb), particularly albumin. Recent studies have demonstrated that also plasma lipoproteins (LP) are susceptible to form disulfide-linked products with Hcy and Cys and that the N-homocysteinylation is accompanied by structural and functional alteration and could increase the atherogenicity of LDL. However, the me…
Metabolic syndrome and severity of fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An age-dependent risk profiling study
2017
Background & Aims: Metabolic syndrome (MS) and its individual components are associated with the severity and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We sought to evaluate the relationship between MS components and the risk of severe hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD patients discriminated by age. Methods: We considered 863 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD, who had been fully evaluated for components of MS. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that F3-F4 was associated with visceral obesity, IFG/diabetes, and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, but not triglycerides >150 or arterial hypertension. A significant interaction was found betw…
Apolipoprotein AI and HDL are reduced in stable cirrhotic patients with adrenal insufficiency: a possible role in glucocorticoid deficiency
2015
Backgrounds and aims: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) has been reported in patients with stable cirrhosis. A lack of substrates has been suggested as a possible contributing pathogenic mechanism leading to glucocorticoid deficiency in these subjects. To better explore this hypothesis, we studied lipoproteins in cirrhotics with and without AI. Methods. A total of 81 cirrhotic patients and 30 normal volunteers were enrolled. The severity of liver disease was graded by Child-Pugh score. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), and apolipoprotein AI (Apo-AI) levels were evaluated. HDL subfractions were measured by gradient gel electrop…
Serum Amyloid A Is Present in Human Saccular Intracranial Aneurysm Walls and Associates With Aneurysm Rupture
2021
AbstractSaccular intracranial aneurysm (sIA) rupture leads to a disabling subarachnoid hemorrhage. Chronic inflammation and lipid accumulation in the sIA wall contribute to wall degenerative remodeling that precedes its rupture. A better understanding of the pathobiological process is essential for improved future treatment of patients carrying sIAs. Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an acute-phase protein produced in response to acute and chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Here, we studied the presence and the potential role of SAA in 36 intraoperatively resected sIAs (16 unruptured and 20 ruptured), that had previously been studied by histology and immunohistochemistry. SAA was present in all…
Resveratrol: preventing properties against vascular alterations and ageing.
2005
International audience; Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in developed countries where the common pathological substrate underlying this process is atherosclerosis. Several new concepts have emerged in relation to mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of the vascular diseases and associated inflammatory effects. Recently, potential antioxidants (vitamin E, polyphenols) have received much attention as potential anti-atherosclerotic agents. Among the polyphenols with health benefic properties, resveratrol, a phytoalexin of grape, seem to be a good candidate protecting the vascular walls from oxidation, inflammation, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation. In …
TRPC1 is regulated by caveolin-1 and is involved in oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells.
2009
International audience; Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) induced-apoptosis of vascular cells may participate in plaque instability and rupture. We have previously shown that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) stably expressing caveolin-1 were more susceptible to oxLDL-induced apoptosis than VSMC expressing lower level of caveolin-1, and this was correlated with enhanced Ca(2+) entry and pro-apoptotic events. In this study, we aimed to identify the molecular events involved in oxLDL-induced Ca(2+) influx and their regulation by the structural protein caveolin-1. In VSMC, transient receptor potential canonical-1 (TRPC1) silencing by ARN interference prevents the Ca(2+) influx and red…
Consensus document of an expert group from the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis (SEA) on the clinical use of nuclear magnetic resonance to assess …
2020
The assessment and prevention of cardiovascular risk (CVR) that persists in patients with dyslipidaemia despite treatment and achievement of goals specific to the plasma concentration of cholesterol linked to low density (c-LDL) is a clinical challenge today, and suggests that conventional lipid biomarkers are insufficient for an accurate assessment of CVR. Apart from their lipid content, there are other lipid particle characteristics. The results of this study show that there are a number of lipoprotein compounds that determine atherogenic potential and its influence on the CVR. However, such additional characteristics cannot be analysed by the techniques commonly used in clinical laborato…
Alcoholic Beverage and Meal Choices for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases: A Randomized Nutrigenomic Trial
2018
Background. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the first cause of death worldwide. Mediterranean diet may play a crucial role in the prevention of NCDs, and the presence of wine in this diet could play a positive role on health. Methods. 54 healthy volunteers consumed one of the following beverages: red (RW) or white wine (WW), vodka (VDK), and/or Mediterranean meal (MeDM) and high-fat meal (HFM). Results. OxLDL-C changed significantly between baseline versus HFM, MeDM versus HFM, and HFM versus HFM + RW (p<0.05). Significant upregulation of catalase (CAT) was observed only after RW. Conversely, WW, VDK, RW + MeDM, HF + WW, and HF + VDK determined a significant downregulation of CAT gen…
Associations of Genetic Susceptibility to Alzheimer’s Disease with Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Children in a 2-Year Follow-up St…
2018
We investigated the associations of genetic risk score (GRS) for Alzheimer's disease and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ variant with cardiometabolic risk factors during 2-year follow-up in children and whether body fat percentage (BF%) modify these associations. A population-based sample of 469 children (246 boys, 223 girls) at baseline and 398 children (201 boys, 197 girls) at 2-year follow-up participated in the study. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina Custom Infinium CardioMetabo BeadChip and the Illumina Infinium HumanCoreExome BeadChip. The GRS was calculated using information on nine independent gene variants available in our genomic data. We assessed BF%, waist circumference, in…
Elevated levels of 2-arachidonoylglycerol promote atherogenesis in ApoE-/- mice.
2018
Background The endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is a known modulator of inflammation and ligand to both, pro-inflammatory cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and anti-inflammatory CB2. While the role of both receptors in atherogenesis has been studied extensively, the significance of 2-AG for atherogenesis is less well characterized. Methods The impact of 2-AG on atherogenesis was studied in two treatment groups of ApoE-/- mice. One group received the monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL)-inhibitor JZL184 [5 mg/kg i.p.], which impairs 2-AG degradation and thus causes elevated 2-AG levels, the other group received vehicle for four weeks. Simultaneously, both groups were fed a high-chole…