Search results for "Lithium"

showing 10 items of 680 documents

Study of the thermo-mechanical performances of the IFMIF-EVEDA Lithium Test Loop target assembly

2012

Abstract Within the framework of the IFMIF R&D program and in close cooperation with ENEA-Brasimone, at the Department of Energy of the University of Palermo a research campaign has been launched to investigate the thermo-mechanical behavior of the target assembly under both steady state and start-up transient conditions. A theoretical approach based on the finite element method (FEM) has been followed and a well-known commercial code has been adopted. A realistic 3D FEM model of the target assembly has been set-up and optimized by running a mesh independency analysis. A proper set of loads and boundary conditions, mainly concerned with radiation heat transfer between the target assembly ex…

Steady stateMaterials scienceIFMIF Target assembly Thermo-mechanicsMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringLithium testFinite element methodLoop (topology)Hydrostatic testNuclear Energy and EngineeringHeat transferGeneral Materials ScienceTransient (oscillation)Boundary value problemSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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Optimization of the breeder zone cooling tubes of the DEMO Water-Cooled Lithium Lead breeding blanket

2016

Abstract The determination of an optimal configuration for the breeder zone (BZ) cooling tubes is one of the most important issues in the DEMO Water-Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) breeding blanket R&D activities, since BZ cooling tubes spatial distribution should ensure an efficient heat power removal from the breeder, avoiding hotspots occurrence in the thermal field. Within the framework of R&D activities supported by the HORIZON 2020 EUROfusion Consortium action on the DEMO WCLL breeding blanket design, a campaign of parametric analyses has been launched at the Department of Energy, Information Engineering and Mathematical Models of the University of Palermo (DEIM), in close cooperation with…

Steady stateMathematical modelDEMO reactor WCLL breeding blanket Breeder zone cooling tubesMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementBlanket7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesFinite element method010305 fluids & plasmasBreeder (animal)Nuclear Energy and Engineeringchemistry0103 physical sciencesThermalEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials ScienceLithium010306 general physicsSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringParametric statisticsFusion Engineering and Design
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tBuLi-Mediated One-Pot Direct Highly Selective Cross-Coupling of Two Distinct Aryl Bromides.

2015

A Pd-catalyzed direct cross-coupling of two distinct aryl bromides mediated by tBuLi is described. The use of [Pd-PEPPSI-IPr] or [Pd-PEPPSI-IPent] as catalyst allows for the efficient one-pot synthesis of unsymmetrical biaryls at room temperature. The key for this selective cross-coupling is the use of an ortho-substituted bromide that undergoes lithium-halogen exchange preferentially.

Stereochemistry22'-BIPYRIDINE COMPLEX2chemistry.chemical_elementORGANOLITHIUM COMPOUNDSCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundLOW-TEMPERATUREBromideOrganolithium compoundscross-couplingN-heterocyclic carbenesGRIGNARD-REAGENTSPD-PEPPSI-IPENT2'-BIPYRIDINE COMPLEXCARBON BOND FORMATIONArylOrganic ChemistryORGANIC-SYNTHESISGeneral ChemistryORTHO-SUBSTITUTED BIARYLSpalladiumHighly selectiveCombinatorial chemistryFUNCTIONALIZED ARYLCoupling (electronics)biarylschemistrylithiumOrganic synthesisUNSYMMETRICAL BIARYLSPalladiumChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Planar-Chiral 1,1 '-Diboryl Metallocenes: Diastereoselective Synthesis from Boryl Cyclopentadienides and Spin Density Analysis of a Diborylcobaltocene

2017

International audience; The reaction of nonsubstituted alkali metal cyclopentadienides with haloboranes leads to similar to 90:10 mixtures of isomeric diene products that can be deprotonated to give simple boryl cyclopentadienides. We extended this transformation to the sterically hindered lithium tert-butylcyclopentadienide 1 using FBMe(s)2 (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) and ClBCy2 as electrophiles. The boryl group is selectively introduced in the remote position to minimize steric congestion. The new boryl dienes are obtained as mixtures of isomers, and subsequent deprotonation with MeLi or LiHMDS affords the lithium 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentadienides Sa,b in yields over 95%. Direct asse…

Steric effectselectronDienechemistry.chemical_elementanion recognition[CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry010402 general chemistryPhotochemistryligand01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDeprotonationredox chemistryCobaltocenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryConformational isomerismbidentate lewis-acids010405 organic chemistryChemistryDiastereomercrystal-structure[ CHIM.INOR ] Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry0104 chemical sciencessubstituted ferrocenesElectrophileLithiumactivationolefin polymerizationboron
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Neutronic and photonic analysis of the water-cooled Pb17Li test blanket module for ITER-FEAT

2002

Abstract Within the European Fusion Technology Program, the Water-Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) DEMO breeding blanket line was selected in 1995 as one of the two EU lines to be developed in the next decade, in particular with the aim of manufacturing a Test Blanket Module (TBM) to be implemented in ITER. This specific goal has been maintained also in ITER-FEAT program even if the general design parameters of the TBMs have reported some changes. This paper is focused on the investigation of the WCLL-TBM nuclear response in ITER-FEAT through detailed 3D-Monte Carlo neutronic and photonic analyses. A 3D heterogeneous model of the most recent design of the WCLL-TBM has been set-up simulating reali…

Structural materialMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNeutronicMechanical EngineeringWater cooledPower depositionNuclear engineeringPhotonicchemistry.chemical_elementFusion powerBlanketMonte Carlo methodNuclear physicsNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryNeutron sourceGeneral Materials ScienceLithiumBreeding blanketPhotonicsbusinessSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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On the nuclear response of the water-cooled Pb-17Li test blanket module for ITER-FEAT

2003

Abstract Within the European Fusion Technology Programme, the Water-Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) DEMO breeding blanket line was selected in 1995 as one of the two EU lines to be developed in the next decades, in particular with the aim of manufacturing a Test Blanket Module (TBM) to be tested in ITER-FEAT. The present paper is focused on the study of the WCLL-TBM nuclear response in ITER-FEAT, being specifically oriented to the investigation of the local effects due to the typical C-shaped tubes of the breeder zone, since they could play a pivotal role in the module-relevant thermo–mechanical design. A 3D heterogeneous model of the WCLL-TBM, realistically simulating its new lay out and taking…

Structural materialMechanical EngineeringWater cooledNuclear engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementBlanketFusion powerCluster (spacecraft)ITER-FEATNuclear physicsBreeder (animal)Nuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryEnvironmental scienceNeutron sourceGeneral Materials ScienceLithiumBlanket modulePb/17LiSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural Engineering
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2-Methyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydro­quinazoline

2011

The title compound, C15H14N2, was formed during the lithiation of 2-methylquinazoline with phenyllithium followed by hydrolysis of the intermediate lithium 2-methyl-4-phenyl-4H-quinazolin-3-ide. NMR spectra as well as single-crystal X-ray structural data indicate that the reaction product to have the same structure in chloroform solution as in the crystalline state. The phenyl substituent is twisted out of the plane of the 3,4-dihydroquinazoline ring system by 86.47 (7)°. In the crystal, intermolecular N—H...N interactions connect the molecules into infinite chains.

Substituentchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)BioinformaticsOrganic PapersReaction productlcsh:ChemistryNMR spectra databaseCrystalHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographylcsh:QD1-999chemistryQuinazolineGeneral Materials ScienceLithiumta116Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online
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Intercalation chemistry of superconducting zirconium and hafnium nitride halides

2001

Abstract Lithium intercalation in MNX (M=Zr, Hf; X=Cl, Br) may lead to superconducting compounds with critical temperatures up to 24 K. Electrochemical lithiation experiments agree with the results obtained with chemical methods, as samples with larger capacity on discharge are also those having larger lithium contents after chemical lithiation. Variations exist in the electrochemical profiles of different batches for these compounds indicating differences in the intercalation reaction pathway. High-resolution electron microscopy images confirm the structural model isotypic to SmSI for β-MNX phases. The major part of crystals from ZrNX as well as from the HfNCl samples showing a high lithiu…

SuperconductivityZirconiumMaterials scienceInorganic chemistryIntercalation (chemistry)Analytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHalideNitrideElectrochemistryHafniumchemistryMaterials ChemistryLithiumInternational Journal of Inorganic Materials
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Second-harmonic generation in surface periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides:On the role of multiphoton absorption

2008

Second harmonic generation is investigated in lithium niobate channels realized by proton exchange and quasi-phase-matched by surface periodic-poling. The reduction in conversion efficiency at high powers is interpreted in terms of multi-photon absorption via two-color terms, yielding an estimate of the dominating three-photon process.

Surface (mathematics)Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Protonbusiness.industryLithium niobateEnergy conversion efficiencyGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomySecond-harmonic generationFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryOptoelectronicslithium niobate channel multi-photon absorptionbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Physics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Frequency doubling in surface periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides: Competing effects

2007

We fabricated α-phase pro ton-exchanged (PE) lithium niobate (LN) channel waveguides quasi phase-matched (QPM) via surface periodic poling (SPP) and carried out the first experimental demonstration of second harmonic generation (SHG) in such devices.[1] Experiments were performed by employing an optical parametric amplifier/oscillator producing 25 ps pulses in the range 1.1-1.6 μm with a line-width less than 2cm−1 and a repetition rate of 10Hz. SHG measurements were performed either at a fixed wavelength by varying the fundamental frequency (FF) input power or by scanning the FF wavelength, ratioing the second harmonic (SH) output to the FF input to obtain the conversion efficiency. By repe…

Surface (mathematics)Optical amplifierMaterials sciencebusiness.industryLithium niobateSecond-harmonic generationPhysics::OpticsWaveguide (optics)Power (physics)chemistry.chemical_compoundTransverse planeOpticschemistryPeriodic polingbusiness
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