Search results for "Lithium"

<title>Electrochromism in oxyfluoride thin films</title>

1994

Oxyfluoride films based on W and Ti were prepared by reactive sputtering in plasmas containing O2 + CF4. The deposition rate was large, particularly when chemical sputtering was promoted by heating the target. The films could show large charge insertion/extraction, high coloration efficiency, and good cycling durability.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Temperature dependence of the rate constant of hydrogen isotope interactions with a lithium capillary-porous system under reactor irradiation

2013

Abstract Experiments with a sample of a lithium capillary-porous system (CPS) were performed at the reactor IVG-1.M of the Institute of Atomic Energy NNC RK to study the effects of neutron irradiation on the parameters of hydrogen isotope interactions with a lithium CPS. The absorption technique was used during the experiments, and this technique allowed the temperature dependences of the hydrogen isotope interaction rate constants with the lithium CPS to be obtained under various reactor powers. The obtained dependencies were used to determine the main interaction parameters: the activation energies and the pre-exponents of the Arrhenius dependence of the hydrogen interaction rate constant…

Deprotonation of Thiophenes Using Lithium Magnesates.

2005

Abstract Thiophene was regioselectively deprotonated at C2 on treatment with 1/3 equiv of Bu3MgLi in THF at room temperature. The lithium arylmagnesate formed was either trapped with electrophiles or cross-coupled in a ‘one-pot’ procedure with aryl halides under palladium catalysis. 2-Chlorothiophene and 2-methoxythiophene were similarly deprotonated at C5 under the same reaction conditions. The enhancement of the reactivity of the base using TMEDA was evidenced using 1H NMR spectroscopy.

Trienediolates of hexadienoic acids in synthesis. Addition to unsaturated ketones. A convergent approach to the synthesis of retinoic acids

1995

Abstract The regioselectivity of the addition of the lithium trienediolates generated from hexa-2,4dienoic acids 1 and 2 or the dihydropyran-2ones 4 and 5 to unsaturated ketones 6 is studied. Equilibration conditions favour reaction of the trienediolates through their ω carbon, and the ketones according to 1,2- and 1,4-additions. β-Ionone 6a and the aryl-butenone 6b lead to the 1,2-ω-adducts 8 , which undergo a facile acid catalyzed dehydration to retmoic acids 11 . On reaction with the unsaturated ketone 6b or with the aryl ketones 21 , the trimethyldihydropyran-2one S leads to γ-adducts derived from deprotonation of the chain methyl mbstituent along with the 1,4-ω-adducts.

ChemInform Abstract: Trienediolates of Hexadienoic Acids in Synthesis. Addition to Unsaturated Ketones. A Convergent Approach to the Synthesis of Ret…

2010

Abstract The regioselectivity of the addition of the lithium trienediolates generated from hexa-2,4dienoic acids 1 and 2 or the dihydropyran-2ones 4 and 5 to unsaturated ketones 6 is studied. Equilibration conditions favour reaction of the trienediolates through their ω carbon, and the ketones according to 1,2- and 1,4-additions. β-Ionone 6a and the aryl-butenone 6b lead to the 1,2-ω-adducts 8 , which undergo a facile acid catalyzed dehydration to retmoic acids 11 . On reaction with the unsaturated ketone 6b or with the aryl ketones 21 , the trimethyldihydropyran-2one S leads to γ-adducts derived from deprotonation of the chain methyl mbstituent along with the 1,4-ω-adducts.

7Be(n,α) and 7Be(n,p) cross-section measurement for the cosmological lithium problem at the n-TOF facility at CERN

2017

One of the most puzzling problems in Nuclear Astrophysics is the “Cosmological Lithium Problem”, i.e the discrepancy between the primordial abundance of \(^{7}\)Li observed in metal poor halo stars (Asplund et al. in Astrophys J 644:229–259, 2006, [1]), and the one predicted by Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). One of the reactions that could have an impact on the problem is \(^{7}\)Be(n,p)\(^{7}\)Li. Despite of the importance of this reaction in BBN, the cross-section has never been directly measured at the energies of interest for BBN. Taking advantage of the innovative features of the second experimental area at the n\(\_\)TOF facility at CERN (Sabate-Gilarte et al. in Eur Phys J A 53:210,…

Isotope-shift measurements of stable and short-lived lithium isotopes for nuclear-charge-radii determination

2010

Changes in the mean-square nuclear charge radii along the lithium isotopic chain were determined using a combination of precise isotope shift measurements and theoretical atomic structure calculations. Nuclear charge radii of light elements are of high interest due to the appearance of the nuclear halo phenomenon in this region of the nuclear chart. During the past years we have developed a new laser spectroscopic approach to determine the charge radii of lithium isotopes which combines high sensitivity, speed, and accuracy to measure the extremely small field shift of an 8 ms lifetime isotope with production rates on the order of only 10,000 atoms/s. The method was applied to all bound iso…

Continuous-Wave Backward Frequency Doubling in Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate

2010

Sizing of ICE and Lithium-ion battery for series hybrid vehicle over life cycle with battery aging

2013

This paper presents a method to evaluate the volume and weight of the internal combustion engine (ICE) and lithium-ion battery for a series hybrid vehicle that allows to minimize the mean consumption over system life. Individual driving cycles of the car over a total distance of 100 000 km are simulated. The ICE and battery dimensions are approximated; the fuel consumption is evaluated using a general approach. Lithium-ion battery is described including capacity fading and the energy split between ICE and battery system is evaluated using an heuristic approach. Results show a decrease of mean fuel consumption down to 5.1 L/100km.

Experimental Study of Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Behaviour for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2014

An experimental study of lithium-ion battery thermal behaviour for automotive applications is presented. Experiments are conducted for a pack of three battery cells which encounter a series of different discharge and cooling conditions. Results show the different temperature distribution on different locations of the battery cell surface with the highest temperature increase near the positive and negative electrode. The temperature increases sharply if the state of charge (SOC) is too small (less then 20%). Higher discharge rate contributes to higher temperature increase and bigger maximum and minimum temperature difference. Higher cooling air velocity helps to decrease the overall temperat…