Search results for "Lithium"

Effect of lithium ions on the catalytic efficiency of calcium oxide as a nanocatalyst for the transesterification of lard oil

2019

The present work encompasses the effect of Li+ ions on CaO nanoparticles for the transesterification of lard oil. The modification of CaO nanoparticles was achieved by the impregnation of different molar ratios of lithium hydroxide. Later, each catalyst was screened for the catalytic conversion of lard oil to a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The nanocatalyst CaO–0.5LiOH (1 : 0.5 molar ratio) showed the best conversion rate for FAME. The synthesized nanocatalyst was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and Hammett indicato…

Comparison of Luminescence in LiGaO2, Al2 O3 -Ga and Al2 O3 -Li Crystals

2018

We have studied luminescence of LiGaO 2 , Al 2 O 3 -Ga and Al 2 O 3 -Li crystals in order to reveal the nature of luminescence centres and mechanisms in these crystals. In Al 2 O 3 -Ga presence of Ga impurities determines occurrence of the 280 nm emission band, which demonstrates intra-centre character in photoluminescence and recombination character under X-ray irradiation. In Al 2 O 3 -Li crystal lithium induced luminescence is presented with the 326 nm band, which has a recombination character. Basing on spectral similarity of the main luminescence bands in pure LiGaO 2 crystal with the dopant-induced emission bands in Al 2 O 3 , and on peculiarities of the X-ray induced thermoluminescen…

Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroxycarbonylation of Aryl and Vinyl Bromides by Mixed Acetic Formic Anhydride

2006

The palladium-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of aryl and vinyl bromides in the presence of acetic anhydride and lithium formate as a carbon monoxide source has been developed. The combination of palladium(II) acetate with 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) is an efficient catalytic system when the reaction is carried out at 120 °C.

Decomposition of nitrous oxide upon nickel oxide-magnesium oxide solid solutions

1966

The decomposition of N 2 O has been studied over MgO catalysts, doped with NiO and NiO + Li 2 O from 1 to 10% (atomic). For pure MgO, activity is low, but is enhanced by addition of Ni 2+ ions. The apparent activation energy is reduced from 35 kcal/mole for pure MgO, to about 18 kcal/mole. Oxygen acts as a poison, and it is chemisorbed on the catalyst. The presence of lithium greatly increases the apparent activation energy. The results are interpreted in terms of oxygen chemisorption and of its influence on the course of the reaction.

Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Determination of Chromium in Sediments

1999

Abstract An electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method has been developed to determine total chromium concentration in natural sediment samples. Samples were mineralized by dry ashing at 550°C and fused at 1100°C for 30 min with lithium metaborate. Dissolved samples were injected in graphite tubes, mineralized at 1100°C, and atomized at 2600°C. Standard addition calibration made unnecessary the use of chemical modifiers. The method provided a limit of detection from 23 to 45 ng liter −1 . The relative standard deviation for chromium determination was between 3 and 14%. Results obtained for a standard reference material agree well with the certified value. A series of natural samp…

Nonlinear Disorder Mapping Through Three-Wave Mixing

2010

We implement a simple and powerful approach to characterize the domain distribution in the bulk of quadratic ferroelectric crystals via far-field second-harmonic spectroscopy. The approach is demonstrated in a lithium tantalate sample with periodic electric field poling and random mark-to-space ratio.

Effects of Lithium Source and Content on the Properties of Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Materials

2023

Lithium-rich layered oxide (LLO) are considered high-capacity cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. In this study, LLO cathode materials were synthesized via the hydroxide coprecipitation method followed by a two-step lithiation process using different lithium contents and lithium sources. The effects of lithium content and lithium source on structure and electrochemical performance were investigated. This study demonstrated the clear impact of Li/TM ratio on electrochemical performance. Lower Li/TM ratio reduced the irreversible capacity loss in the first cycle and provided better cycling stability among all samples. The best results exhibited an initial discharge ca…

Sn-Co Nanowires: High-Performing Electrodes as Anodes for Lithium-ion Batteries

2012

Probing the Extremes of Covalency in M-Al bonds: Lithium and Zinc Aluminyl Compounds.

2022

Synthetic routes to lithium, magnesium, and zinc aluminyl complexes are reported, allowing for the first structural characterization of an unsupported lithium-aluminium bond. Crystallographic and quantum-chemical studies are consistent with the presence of a highly polar Li-Al interaction, characterized by a low bond order and relatively little charge transfer from Al to Li. Comparison with magnesium and zinc aluminyl systems reveals changes to both the M-Al bond and the (NON)Al fragment (where NON=4,5-bis(2,6-diisopropylanilido)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylxanthene), consistent with a more covalent character, with the latter complex being shown to react with CO<sub>2</sub> vi…

The identification of biomarkers predicting acute and maintenance lithium treatment response in bipolar disorder: A plea for further research attenti…

2018

The prediction of acute and maintenance lithium treatment response carries major clinical and neurobiological implications, warranting systematic review. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) compliant review searched major electronic databases from inception until December 2017 for studies documenting a clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD) made according to the mainstream diagnostic manuals and confirmed by a structured interview. Eligible studies allowed a quantitative comparison of endpoint vs baseline mean values of a given biomarker, regardless of the mood phase of patients with BD, and the disorder was assessed for severity using validate…