Search results for "Lolium"
showing 10 items of 32 documents
Differential toxicity of simazine and diuron to Torilis arvensis and Lolium rigidum
1990
Summary: In a soil application, Torilis arvensis was nearly as susceptible as Lolium rigidum to simazine but was 18-fold more tolerant to diuron. Treat ment with diuron inhibited photosynthesis in L. rigidum but had only a limited effect in T. arvensis although chloroplasts isolated from both species displayed similar susceptibility. 14C-diuron degradation in plants was limited, with the formation of conjugates of mono-methyl-diuron in T. arvensis and N-dealkylated derivatives of diuron in L. rigidum. 14C-diuron entered the roots and was translocated throughout the leaves of L. rigidum but was restricted to stems, leaf petioles and leaf veins of T. arvensis. This difference in transport pat…
Groupe de travail COLUMA Bourgogne Franche-Comté : analyse et cartographie de la résistance aux herbicides sur céréales
2013
This working group made a survey and drew maps of herbicide resistances in cereal crops according to modes of action and weed species. These resistances concern mainly grass weeds but also one dicot weeds.
Efficacy and foliar absorption of flupyrsulfuron-methyl and prosulfocarb applied alone or in mixture on Lolium multiflorum and wheat
2001
Des melanges de flupyrsulfuron-methyle et de prosulfocarbe concus pour ameliorer la lutte contre Lolium multiflorum Lam. dans le ble (Triticum aestivum L.) ont ete etudies grâce a des essais biologiques sur plantes entieres et a des etudes de penetration foliaire. Dans les essais biologiques, le flupyrsulfuron-methyle et le prosulfocarbe etaient appliques a 6-7 doses, seuls ou en melange dans les rapports 1:400, 1:40 et 1:4 (p/p). Les courbes de reponse etaient ajustees au moyen de modeles logistiques et l'action conjuguee etait evaluee par la methode des isoboles. Dans les essais biologiques conduits en serre sur L. multiflorum, l'action conjuguee des melanges montrait une additivite de do…
Anaerobically digested poultry slaughterhouse wastes as fertiliser in agriculture
2001
Chemical and physical analysis, 27-d plant growth assays with carrot (Daucus carota) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris var. chinensis), and 5-d phytotoxicity assays with Chinese cabbage and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) were used to investigate the suitability of anaerobically digested poultry slaughterhouse waste for fertiliser in agriculture and the effect of aerobic post-treatment on the properties of the digested material. The digested material appeared to be rich in nitrogen. In 27-d assays with digested material as nitrogen source, carrots grew almost as well as those fertilised with a commercial mineral fertiliser used as reference, whereas, the growth of Chinese cabbage…
Résistance au glyphosate, ce qui est prouvé
2007
National audience
Defoliation-induced changes in carbon allocation and root soluble carbon concentration in field-grown Lolium perenne plants: do they affect carbon av…
2005
Summary 1It is hypothesized that defoliation-induced changes in plant carbon allocation and root soluble C concentration modify rhizosphere C availability and, further, the abundance and activity of soil microbes and their grazers. To test this hypothesis, field-grown Lolium perenne swards were defoliated twice during their second growing season at two nitrogen availabilities (added N or no added N). Plant, soil and microbial attributes were measured 2 and 4 days after the last defoliation, and nematode abundance was measured 6 days after the last defoliation. 2Defoliation decreased shoot production in plots where N was added, but had no significant effect in plots where N was not added. Ro…
Effects of feeding green forage of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) on lamb growth and carcass and meat quality.
2012
The nutritional effects of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) forage containing condensed tannins (CT) on growth of lambs, and carcass and meat quality were investigated. Thirty-two male Comisana lambs aged 100 ± 8 days weighing 19.0 ± 2.8 kg were fed fresh forage of sulla or CT-free annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. subsp. Wersterwoldicum) for 49 days until slaughter; in addition, each lamb was supplied with 200 g/days of concentrate. Eight lambs per diet had been previously treated with anthelmintic drugs to remove nematode parasites. Measurements of BW and feed intake, and counts of faecal nematode eggs were made. Carcass parameters were recorded after slaughter, and tissue component…
Phytotoxic Effects of Commercial Eucalyptus citriodora, Lavandula angustifolia, and Pinus sylvestris Essential Oils on Weeds, Crops, and Invasive Spe…
2019
Background: essential oils are well known for their pharmacological effectiveness as well as their repellent, insecticide, and herbicide activities. The emergence of resistant weeds, due to the overuse of synthetic herbicides, makes it necessary to find natural alternatives for weed control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotoxic effects of Eucalyptus citriodora, Lavandula angustifolia, and Pinus sylvestris, three common commercial essential oils, on weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Lolium multiflorum, and Echinochloa crus-galli), food crops (tomato and cucumber), and the invasive species Nicotiana glauca. Methods: to determine herbicidal effects, essential oils were tested at diffe…
Characterisation of rye-grass (Lolium sp.) transcriptome-wide response to ALS-inhibiting herbicides
2014
International audience; Non-target-site-resistance (NTSR) to herbicides is a major cause for failure in the chemical control of a number of weeds, and is especially widespread and important in grass weeds. Although several gene families have been shown to be involved in NTSR (cytochromes p450, glutathione-S-transferases, glycosyl-transferases, ABC transporters, esterases…), the genetic determinants of NTSR are still poorly known to date. NTSR is part of the response of weeds to herbicides. To unravel NTSR, it is thus of interest to firstly characterise the processes involved in herbicide stress response in grasses. For this purpose, we implemented a comparative whole-transcriptome sequencin…
Status of herbicide-resistant Lolium populations in wheat fields in Tunisia
2013
The evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds is a worldwide phenomenon in modern cropping systems. The presence of resistant populations can severely hamper herbicide-based weed control, thus leading to the need for a more accurate use of these products. In Tunisia, the first report of evolved herbicide resistance concerned Lolium rigidum populations collected in wheat fields in northern Tunisia in 1996 and found to be resistant to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase-inhibiting (ACCase) herbicides. The objective of this study is to detect and characterise herbicide resistance in ryegrass (Lolium spp). The sensitivity of nine ryegrass populations, collected in wheat fields in northern Tunisia, w…