Search results for "Low temperature"

showing 10 items of 54 documents

Thermal nucleation of cavities in liquid helium at negative pressures

1993

We have investigated the nucleation rate at which cavities are formed in $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ at negative pressures due to thermal fluctuations. To this end, we have used a density functional that reproduces the He liquid-gas interface along the coexistence line. The inclusion of thermal effects in the calculation of the barrier against nucleation results in a sizable decrease of the absolute value of the tensile strength above 1.5 K.

Liquid heliumCavitationMaterials scienceLiquid heliumFluctuacions (Física)NucleationThermodynamicsThermal fluctuationsAbsolute valueTemperatures baixesCavitacióMolecular physicsHeli líquidlaw.inventionFluctuations (Physics)Helium-4lawHelium-3Ultimate tensile strengthThermalLow temperatures
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Luminescence and structural properties of defects in ion implanted ZnO

2006

ZnO substrates and films were intentionally implanted with rare earth and transition metal ions. The influence of the implantation and subsequent air thermal annealing treatments on the structural and optical properties of ZnO samples were studied by using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and low temperature photoluminescence techniques. Intraionic Tm-related emission was observed for bulk and ZnO films. Similarly, Eu and Tb-doped ZnO films follow the same trend observed in bulk samples. No intraionic related emission was observed for Eu-doped samples even being the ion in Zn sites and for the Tb-doped samples ion segregation was observed for thermal annealing temperatures above 800 °…

Low temperature photoluminescencePhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceIon implantationTransition metalRare earthAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsLuminescenceRutherford backscattering spectrometryIonphysica status solidi c
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1D antiferromagnetism in spin‐alternating bimetallic chains

1990

The magnetic and thermal properties of the ordered bimetallic chain CoNi(EDTA)⋅6H2O in the very low‐temperature range are reported. The magnetic behavior does not exhibit the characteristic features of 1D ferrimagnets, but a continuous decrease of χmT towards zero at absolute zero. This 1D antiferromagnetic behavior results from an accidental compensation between the moments located at the two sublattices. This behavior, as well as the specific‐heat results, are modeled on the basis of an Ising‐exchange model that considers both alternating spins and Landé factors, and a zero‐field splitting on the Ni site. Eugenio.Coronado@uv.es ; Fernando.Sapina@uv.es

Magnetic PropertiesEdtaExchange InteractionsGeneral Physics and AstronomyNickel CompoundsCobalt Compounds ; Nickel Compounds ; Edta ; Hydrates ; Magnetic Properties ; One−Dimensional Systems ; Ultralow Temperature ; Antiferromagnetism ; Magnetic Moments ; Exchange Interactions ; Ising Model ; Anisotropy ; Specific HeatMagnetic MomentsAntiferromagnetism:FÍSICA [UNESCO]AntiferromagnetismHydratesAnisotropyBimetallic stripAbsolute zeroSpin-½Condensed matter physicsMagnetic momentSpinsChemistryUNESCO::FÍSICAOne−Dimensional SystemsUltralow TemperatureSpecific HeatIsing ModelAnisotropyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsIsing modelCobalt Compounds
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Magnetic exchange interactions in the heteropoly complexes [M4(H2O)2(PW9O34)2]10− [M=Co(II) and Cu(II)]

1990

The magnetic properties of the heteropolyanions [M4(H2O)2(PW9O34)2]10− [M=Co(II) and Cu(II)] down to 4 K are reported. Their individual heteropoly molecules contain a rhomblike arrangement formed by four coplanar MO6 octahedra sharing edges. The magnetic properties support an intramolecular ferromagnetic exchange in the Co(II) tetramer, and antiferromagnetic exchange in the Cu(II) tetramer. These behaviors are discussed assuming anisotropic exchange in the Co(II) compound, and Heisenberg exchange in the Cu(II) compound. Carlos.Gomez@uv.es

Magnetic PropertiesExchange InteractionsGeneral Physics and AstronomyCopper ComplexesAntiferromagnetismTetramerVery Low TemperatureAntiferromagnetismMoleculeAnisotropy:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Cobalt Complexes ; Copper Complexes ; Heteropolyanions ; Magnetic Properties ; Exchange Interactions ; Ferromagnetism ; Antiferromagnetism ; Anisotropy ; Heisenberg Model ; Ultralow Temperature ; Very Low TemperatureCondensed matter physicsChemistryHeisenberg modelUltralow TemperatureUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaCrystallographyOctahedronFerromagnetismIntramolecular forceFerromagnetismHeisenberg ModelAnisotropyCobalt ComplexesHeteropolyanions
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Colloidal plasmonic back reflectors for light trapping in solar cells.

2014

A novel type of plasmonic light trapping structure is presented in this paper, composed of metal nanoparticles synthesized in colloidal solution and self-assembled in uniform long-range arrays using a wet-coating method. The high monodispersion in size and spherical shape of the gold colloids used in this work allows a precise match between their measured optical properties and electromagnetic simulations performed with Mie theory, and enables the full exploitation of their collective resonant plasmonic behavior for light-scattering applications. The colloidal arrays are integrated in plasmonic back reflector (PBR) structures aimed for light trapping in thin film solar cells. The PBRs exhib…

Materials scienceMie scatteringPhysics::OpticsReflectionTrapping7. Clean energyThin film devices Colloidal arraySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaColloidal solutionColloidOpticsElectromagnetic simulationThin film solar cells PlasmonsLow temperatureGeneral Materials SciencePlasmonic solar cellThin filmPlasmonPhotocurrentNear infrared spectrabusiness.industrySolar cellCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterSynthesis (chemical)Light trapping structureOptoelectronicsDiffuse reflectanceDiffuse reflectionbusinessNanoscale
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Low temperature afterglow from SrAl 2 O 4 : Eu, Dy, B containing glass

2020

V.V. acknowledges the financial support of ERDF PostDoc project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/3/19/440 (University of Latvia Institute of Solid State Physics, Latvia) and LP the Academy of Finland (Flagship Programme, Photonics Research and Innovation PREIN 320165 and Academy Project -326418) for the financial support. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01- 2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART 2 .

Materials sciencePersistent luminescenceCenter of excellence02 engineering and technology114 Physical sciences7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]media_common.cataloged_instanceGeneral Materials ScienceEuropean unionmedia_common010302 applied physicsHorizon (archaeology)Mechanical EngineeringMetals and Alloys021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsEngineering physicsLow temperature applicationsAfterglowPhosphate glassMechanics of Materials216 Materials engineering0210 nano-technology
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Ab initio studies on the lattice thermal conductivity of silicon clathrate frameworks II and VIII

2016

The lattice thermal conductivities of silicon clathrate frameworks II and VIII are investigated by using ab initio lattice dynamics and iterative solution of the linearized Boltzmann transport equation(BTE) for phonons. Within the temperature range 100-350 K, the clathrate structures II and VIII were found to have lower lattice thermal conductivity values than silicon diamond structure (d-Si) by factors of 1/2 and 1/5, respectively. The main reason for the lower lattice thermal conductivity of the clathrate structure II in comparison to d-Si was found to be the harmonic phonon spectra, while in the case of the clathrate structure VIII, the difference is mainly due to the harmonic phonon spe…

Materials scienceSiliconPhononClathrate hydrateAb initioSOLIDSchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSEMICONDUCTORSLOW TEMPERATURESCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesilicon clathrate frameworks0103 physical sciencesEQUATIONDiamond cubicSIPHONON DISPERSIONS010306 general physicsta116Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsta114CRYSTALAnharmonicitylattice thermal conductivityMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Atmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBoltzmann equationGENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATIONMODELchemistry0210 nano-technology
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Isostructural Inorganic–Organic Piperazine-1,4-diium Chlorido- and Bromidoantimonate(III) Monohydrates: Octahedral Distortions and Hydrogen Bonds

2020

Halogenidoantimonate(III) monohydrates of the (C4H12N2)[SbX5]&middot

Models Molecularcrystal structureMaterials scienceHydrogenSurface PropertiesMolecular ConformationPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structurelow temperatureArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryDrug DiscoveryMoleculeHirshfeld surface analysisPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIsostructuralOrganic Chemicalsoctahedral distortionPiperazineHydrogen bondOrganic Chemistryhydrogen bondinginorganic–organic hybrid materialsCrystallographyOctahedronchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Inorganic ChemicalsMolecular MedicineWater of crystallizationhalogenidoantimonates(III)Monoclinic crystal systemMolecules
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Typical Aspects of the Microwave Noise Performance of HEMTs at Decreasing Temperatures

1996

In analog signal processing at microwave frequencies the noise performance of active devices is of fundamental importance for the accurate design of low-noise amplifiers. To this aim, the determination of the four noise parameters F O , Γ O (complex variable) and Rn has to be accomplished together with the usual scattering parameter measurements vs. frequency. In addition, the dependence of the device performance vs. temperature is of interest for circuit applications characterized by harsh environmental conditions. In this work the noise behavior of high electron mobility transistors has been investigated by means of measurements and modeling in the 2-18 GHz frequency range and as a functi…

Noise temperatureMaterials sciencemicrowavebusiness.industryNoise spectral densitynoise parametersGeneral Physics and Astronomy020206 networking & telecommunicationsY-factor02 engineering and technologyHigh-electron-mobility transistorHEMT; microwave; noise parameters; low temperaturelow temperatureNoise figureNoise (electronics)[PHYS.HIST]Physics [physics]/Physics archives0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOptoelectronicsEquivalent circuitbusinessMicrowaveHEMT
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Search for scalar leptons in e+e- collisions at centre-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV

2002

A search for selectron, smuon and stau pair production is performed with the data collected by the ALEPH detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV. The numbers of candidate events are consistent with the background predicted by the Standard Model. Final mass limits from ALEPH are reported.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAlephParticle physics[PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Electron–positron annihilationMonte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsPHYSICSHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)MONTE-CARLO0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010306 general physicsPhysicsResearch Groups and Centres\Physics\Low Temperature Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsFaculty of Science\PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyScalar (physics)SupersymmetrySelectron tubePair productionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentParticle Physics - ExperimentLepton
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