Search results for "Lung"

showing 10 items of 2389 documents

Magnetic resonance imaging of dissolved hyperpolarized 129Xe using a membrane-based continuous flow system.

2009

Abstract A technique for continuous production of solutions containing hyperpolarized 129Xe is explored for MRI applications. The method is based on hollow fiber membranes which inhibit the formation of foams and bubbles. A systematic analysis of various carrier agents for hyperpolarized 129Xe has been carried out, which are applicable as contrast agents for in vivo MRI. The image quality of different hyperpolarized Xe solutions is compared and MRI results obtained in a clinical as well as in a nonclinical MRI setting are provided. Moreover, we demonstrate the application of 129Xe contrast agents produced with our dissolution method for lung MRI by imaging hyperpolarized 129Xe that has been…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPulmonary Circulationmedicine.diagnostic_testContinuous flowChemistryPhantoms ImagingBiophysicsLung perfusionMagnetic resonance imagingBiocompatible MaterialsMembranes ArtificialCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryMagnetic Resonance ImagingImaging phantomSolutionsMembraneNuclear magnetic resonancemedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedRespiratory MechanicsXenon IsotopesHyperpolarization (physics)LungJournal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
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New results on kaon decays from NA48

2007

We report on recent results on rare and semileptonic kaon decays from NA48 and NA48/2. Using data from a minimum bias run in 1999 we present a new measurement of the CP violating decay K L → π + π − with over 40000 selected events. We measured the ratio Γ ( K L → π + π − ) / Γ ( K L → π ± e ∓ ν ) = ( 4.835 ± 0.038 ) × 10 −3 leading to the precise determination of the CP violation parameter | η + − | = ( 2.223 ± 0.013 ) × 10 −3 . From the same data we selected over 2 × 10 6 K L → π ± μ ∓ ν decays. Preliminary results from a dalitz plot fit yield the values for the form factors λ + = 0.0260 ± 0.0007 s t a t ± 0.0010 s y s t and λ 0 = 0.0120 ± 0.0008 s t a t ± 0.0015 s y s t . In one month of …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPure mathematicsMinimum biasBremsstrahlungAnalytical chemistryCP violationDalitz plotAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMathematicsNuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements
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Simulation studies of the laser ablation ion source at the SHIPTRAP setup

2020

Hyperfine interactions 241(1), 46 (2020). doi:10.1007/s10751-020-01708-0

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsSpeichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumMaterials scienceMultiphysicsNuclear engineeringPenning trapsMass spectrometry01 natural sciences530IonPhysics::Plasma Physics0103 physical sciencesSample preparationddc:530Physical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsSurface ionization ion sourceLaser ablationMass spectrometry010308 nuclear & particles physicsLaser ablation ion sourceCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIon sourceThermalisationQuadrupole
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High-resolution spectroscopy of gaseous $^\mathrm{83m}$Kr conversion electrons with the KATRIN experiment

2020

In this work, we present the first spectroscopic measurements of conversion electrons originating from the decay of metastable gaseous $^\mathrm{83m}$Kr with the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment. The results obtained in this calibration measurement represent a major commissioning milestone for the upcoming direct neutrino mass measurement with KATRIN. The successful campaign demonstrates the functionalities of the full KATRIN beamline. The KATRIN main spectrometer's excellent energy resolution of ~ 1 eV made it possible to determine the narrow K-32 and L$_3$-32 conversion electron line widths with an unprecedented precision of ~ 1 %.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsSpeichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsResolution (mass spectrometry)Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsenergy resolutionFOS: Physical sciencesElectron[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]KATRIN7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesAtomicneutrino massNuclear physicsParticle and Plasma Physicsconversion electronsMetastability0103 physical sciencesNuclearddc:530[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsSpectroscopyNuclear ExperimentPhysicsSpectrometerelectrostatic spectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicskrypton: decayMolecularInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)krypton: nuclide530 PhysikcalibrationNuclear & Particles Physicsddc:3. Good healthBeamlineelectron: energy spectrumNeutrinoperformanceKATRIN
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The nuclear magnetic moment of 208Bi and its relevance for a test of bound-state strong-field QED

2018

Physics letters / B 779, 324 - 330 (2018). doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2018.02.024

Nuclear and High Energy Physicschemistry.chemical_elementHyperfine anomaly53001 natural sciencesBismuth0103 physical sciencesBound stateNuclear Physics - Experimentddc:530Physics::Atomic PhysicsLaser spectroscopy010306 general physicsSpectroscopyHyperfine structureQuantum electrodynamicsPhysicsSpecific difference010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear structurelcsh:QC1-999chemistryNuclear magnetic momentNuclear magnetic momentPräzisionsexperimente - Abteilung BlaumAtomic physicsAnomaly (physics)Bismuthlcsh:PhysicsOrder of magnitudePhysics Letters B
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First observation and branching fraction and decay parameter measurements of the weak radiative decay Xi0 -> Lambda e+ e-

2007

The weak radiative decay Xi0 --> Lambda e+e- has been detected for the first time. We find 412 candidates in the signal region, with an estimated background of 15 +/- 5 events. We determine the branching fraction B(Xi0 --> Lambda e+e-) = [7.6 +/- 0.4(stat) +/- 0.4(syst) +/- 0.2(norm)] x 10^{-6}, consistent with an internal bremsstrahlung process, and the decay asymmetry parameter alpha_{XiLambdaee} = -0.8 +/- 0.2, consistent with that of Xi0 --> Lambda gamma. The charge conjugate reaction Xi0_bar --> Lambda_bar e+e- has also been observed.

Nuclear and High Energy Physicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectSignal regionRadiative decayXi0 hyperonAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesAsymmetryiperoniacceleratori di particelleNOHigh Energy Physics - Experimentmesoni K0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsXi0 hyperon; radiative decayparticelle elementarimedia_commonPhysicsdecadimenti010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionradiative decayHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyBremsstrahlungmesoni K; iperoni; decadimenti; particelle elementari; acceleratori di particelleHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAtomic physicsParticle Physics - ExperimentConjugate
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Evolution of nuclear structure in neutron-rich odd-Zn isotopes and isomers

2017

Collinear laser spectroscopy was performed on Zn (Z=30) isotopes at ISOLDE, CERN. The study of hyperfine spectra of nuclei across the Zn isotopic chain, N=33–49, allowed the measurement of nuclear spins for the ground and isomeric states in odd-A neutron-rich nuclei up to N=50. Exactly one long-lived (&

Nuclear and High Energy Physicsshell closureShell closureNuclear TheoryLasermagnetic dipole moment[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesQuadrupole momentMagnetic dipole momentNaturvetenskap0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersDalton Nuclear InstituteNuclear Physics - Experimentddc:530NeutronPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentHyperfine structurePhysicsValence (chemistry)quadrupole momentMagnetic moment010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear structurePhysique atomique et nucléairelcsh:QC1-999laserZincResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/dalton_nuclear_instituteZinc ; Magnetic dipole moment ; Quadrupole moment ; Laser ; Shell closureQuadrupoleNuclear magnetic momentPräzisionsexperimente - Abteilung BlaumAtomic physicsNatural SciencesMagnetic dipolelcsh:Physics
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Ion beam development for the needs of the JYFL nuclear physics programme

2008

The increased requirements towards the use of higher ion beam intensities motivated us to initiate the project to improve the overall transmission of the K130 cyclotron facility. With the facility the transport efficiency decreases rapidly as a function of total beam intensity extracted from the JYFL ECR ion sources. According to statistics, the total transmission efficiency is of the order of 10% for low beam intensities (I(total)or =0.7 mA) and only about 2% for high beam intensities (I(total)1.5 mA). Requirements towards the use of new metal ion beams for the nuclear physics experiments have also increased. The miniature oven used for the production of metal ion beams at the JYFL is not …

Nuclear physicsCryostatMaterials scienceIon beamlawSputteringCyclotronBremsstrahlungInstrumentationBeam (structure)Ion sourcelaw.inventionIonReview of Scientific Instruments
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A test of charge-parity-time invariance at the atto-electronvolt scale

2017

We developed a novel fast measurement procedure for cyclotron frequency comparisons of two individual particles in a Penning trap, which enabled us to compare the charge-to-mass ratio of the proton and the antiproton with a fractional precision of 69 parts per trillion. To date this is the most precise test of charge-parity-time invariance using baryons. Our measurements were performed at cyclotron frequencies of about 30 MHz, which means that charge-parity-time symmetry holds at the atto-electronvolt scale.

Nuclear physicsPhysicsBaryonAntiparticleScale (ratio)Physics in GeneralAntimatterElectronvoltPräzisionsexperimente - Abteilung BlaumParity (mathematics)NucleonNuclear ExperimentAtto-
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Unpolarized and polarized beam sources

1991

The cross sections of photon-induced nuclear processes were usually studied with the aid of a bremsstrahlung beam produced by fast electrons hitting a suitable radiator. Such bremsstrahlung radiation contains photons of all energies from zero up to the kinetic energy of the incoming electrons and so the desired cross section had to be deduced from the integral yield by taking the bremsstrahlung spectrum of the photon beam from the theory. In this section we shall show that this method can produce significant systematic errors in the absolute value of the cross sections due to the lack of a precise knowledge of the bremsstrahlung spectrum.

Nuclear physicsPhysicsCross section (physics)PhotonRadiator (engine cooling)BremsstrahlungAbsolute valueElectronNuclear ExperimentKinetic energyBeam (structure)
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