Search results for "Lung"
showing 10 items of 2389 documents
Clinical risk factors for invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients: Results of an international cohort study
2018
BACKGROUND: Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a frequent complication in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Clinical risk factors for IA have not been fully characterized, especially in the era of extensive anti-fungal prophylaxis. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical risk factors associated with IA in LTRs. The secondary objective was to assess the mortality in LTRs who had at least 1 episode of IA compared with LTRs who never had experienced IA.METHODS: We conducted an international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study of 900 consecutive adults who received lung transplants between 2005 and 2008 with 4years of follow-up. Risk factors associated with IA were id…
Dual disruption of aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 3 promotes functional changes in the glutathione redox system and enhances chemosensitivity in nonsm…
2020
AbstractAldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are multifunctional enzymes that oxidize diverse endogenous and exogenous aldehydes. We conducted a meta-analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus data and detected genetic alterations in ALDH1A1, ALDH1A3, or ALDH3A1, 86% of which were gene amplification or mRNA upregulation, in 31% of nonsmall cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). The expression of these isoenzymes impacted chemoresistance and shortened survival times in patients. We hypothesized that these enzymes provide an oxidative advantage for the persistence of NSCLC. To test this hypothesis, we used genetic and pharmacological approaches with DIMATE, an irreversible inhibito…
Exome Analysis Reveals Genomic Markers Associated with Better Efficacy of Nivolumab in Lung Cancer Patients
2019
Abstract Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, only one-quarter of patients benefit from these new therapies. PD-L1 assessment and tumor mutational burden (TMB) are available tools to optimize use of checkpoint inhibitors but novel tools are needed. Exome sequencing could generate many variables but their role in identifying predictors of response is unknown. Experimental Design: We performed somatic and constitutional exome analyses for 77 patients with NSCLC treated with nivolumab. We studied: one-tumor-related characteristics: aneuploidy, CNA clonality, mutational signatures, TMB, mutations in WNT, AKT, MAPK, an…
Disease-Modifying Therapies and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity in Multiple Sclerosis
2021
Objective: This study was undertaken to assess the impact of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies on the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods: We retrospectively collected data of PwMS with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. All the patients had complete follow-up to death or recovery. Severe COVID-19 was defined by a 3-level variable: mild disease not requiring hospitalization versus pneumonia or hospitalization versus intensive care unit (ICU) admission or death. We evaluated baseline characteristics and MS therapies associated with severe COVID-19 by multivariate and propensity score (PS)-weighted ordinal logistic mod…
Pathological significance and prognostic value of surfactant protein D in cancer
2018
Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a pattern recognition molecule belonging to the Collectin (collagen-containing C-type lectin) family that has pulmonary as well as extra-pulmonary existence. In the lungs, it is a well-established opsonin that can agglutinate a range of microbes, and enhance their clearance via phagocytosis and super-oxidative burst. It can interfere with allergen–IgE interaction and suppress basophil and mast cell activation. However, it is now becoming evident that SP-D is likely to be an innate immune surveillance molecule against tumor development. SP-D has been shown to induce apoptosis in sensitized eosinophils derived from allergic patients and a leukemic cell line via …
Performance of Finnish biobanks in nationwide pulmonary carcinoid tumour research
2019
Finnish hospital-integrated biobanks administer millions of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples collected within the clinical diagnostics. According to the Finnish Biobank Act, these samples can be coupled with patients’ clinical follow-up data and the data retrieved from national health registries. We collected a nationwide pulmonary carcinoid tumour series from Finnish biobanks to study prognostic factors as well as to explore how the number of tumours found in the Finnish biobanks corresponds to the number of tumours registered by the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR). Finnish biobanks identified 88% of the tumours registered by the FCR and were able to deliver 63%. The main reas…
Nintedanib plus docetaxel after progression on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: insights from VARGADO, a prospective study in patients with lung …
2019
Aim: To assess outcomes in patients with advanced adenocarcinoma non-small-cell lung cancer who received nintedanib plus docetaxel after progression on prior chemotherapy followed by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Patients & methods: VARGADO is a prospective, noninterventional study. We describe initial data from a cohort of 22 patients who received nintedanib plus docetaxel after chemotherapy and ICI therapy. Results: Median progression-free survival with nintedanib plus docetaxel was 5.5 months (95% CI: 1.9–8.7 months). The objective response rate was 7/12 (58%) and the disease control rate was 10/12 (83%). Data for overall survival rate 12 months after the start of treat…
Additive effects of cherlerythrine chloride combination with erlotinib in human non-small cell lung cancer cells
2017
Several studies implicate that lung cancer progression is governed by the interaction between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and protein kinase C (PKC) pathways. Combined the targeting of EGFR and PKC may have an additive or synergistic effects in lung cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to explore the potential utility by inhibiting these two pathways with the combination of erlotinib and chelerythrine chloride in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. The erlotinib-less sensitive cell lines SK-MES-1 and A549 were treated with erlotinib or chelerythrine by themselves or in combination with each other. The cell viability, clonogenic survival, cell migration…
The comparison of outcomes from tyrosine kinase inhibitor monotherapy in second- or third-line for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with …
2016
// Giuseppe Bronte 1, * , Tindara Franchina 2, * , Massimiliano Alu 3, * , Giovanni Sortino 1 , Claudia Celesia 1 , Francesco Passiglia 1 , Giuseppina Savio 3 , Agata Laudani 3 , Alessandro Russo 2 , Antonio Picone 2 , Sergio Rizzo 1 , Michele De Tursi 4 , Elisabetta Gambale 4 , Viviana Bazan 1 , Clara Natoli 4 , Livio Blasi 3 , Vincenzo Adamo 2 , Antonio Russo 1 1 Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy 2 Medical Oncology Unit-AOOR Papardo-Piemonte, Messina and Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy 3 Medical Oncology Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Palermo, Italy 4 Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological …
CpG islands in MyD88 and ASC/PYCARD/TMS1 promoter regions are differentially methylated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and primary lung squ…
2021
Abstract Background Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can develop lung squamous cell carcinoma (LuSCC), which could be the second primary tumor or HNSCC metastasis. Morphologically it is difficult to distinguish metastatic HNSCC from a second primary tumor which presents a significant diagnostic challenge. Differentiation of those two malignancies is important because the recommended treatments for metastatic HNSCC and primary LuSCC differ significantly. We investigated if the quantification of the promotor methylation status in HNSCC and LuSCC differs. Methods Primary HNSCC (N = 36) and LuSCC (N = 17) were included in this study. Methylation status in the ASC/TMS1…