Search results for "Lymphatic System"

Changes in the proteome of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus coelomocytes in response to LPS injection into the body cavity.

2020

Background The immune system of echinoderm sea urchins is characterised by a high degree of complexity that is not completely understood. The Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus coelomocytes mediate immune responses through phagocytosis, encapsulation of non-self particles, and production of diffusible factors including antimicrobial molecules. Details of these processes, and molecular pathways driving these mechanisms, are still to be fully elucidated. Principal findings In the present study we treated the sea urchin P. lividus with the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and collected coelomocytes at different time-points (1, 3, 6 and 24 hours). We have shown, using label-free q…

Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie zum präoperativen Staging des Ösophaguskarzinoms

2002

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Exact preoperative staging is a prerequisite for the indication as well as the choice of the appropriate operative technique for patients with esophageal carcinoma. In this prospective study we assessed whether positron emission tomography (PET) with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) increases the accuracy of staging compared to standard computer tomography (CT) and leads to a different therapeutic approach. PATIENTS AND METHODS 30 patients (25 men, 5 women, median age 63 years) with histologically identified carcinoma of the esophagus (n =29) and the cardia (n = 1), respectively, were studied. All patients underwent FDG-PET imaging of the neck, chest, and abdomen as w…

Cross-circulation and Cell Distribution Kinetics in Parabiotic Mice

2011

Blood-borne nucleated cells participate not only in inflammation, but in tissue repair and regeneration. Because progenitor and stem cell populations have a low concentration in the blood, the circulation kinetics and tissue distribution of these cells is largely unknown. An important approach to tracking cell lineage is the use of fluorescent tracers and parabiotic models of cross-circulation. Here, we investigated the cross-circulation and cell distribution kinetics of C57/B6 GFP(+)/wild-type parabionts. Flow cytometry analysis of the peripheral blood after parabiosis demonstrated no evidence for a "parabiotic barrier" based on cell size or surface characterstics; all peripheral blood cel…

Nuclear Medicine Methods in Scrotal Imaging

2011

In patients with acute scrotal pain scrotal scintigraphy can be used to exclude torsion of the testicle, which presents with unilateral decrease in activity on the affected side.The role of nuclear medicine methods, however, faded in the last years after the introduction of high performance color Doppler ultrasound equipment. Lymphoscintigraphy can be used in patients with testicular cancer to demonstrate the lymphatic drainage pathway of the neoplasm. Several studies suggest that 18FDG-PET/CT might have a role in the staging germ cell tumors, in identification of recurrent/residual disease, to monitor the treatment response and during the follow-up. Other investigations, however, did not c…

Tbx1 regulates Vegfr3 and is required for lymphatic vessel development

2010

Defects in lymphangiogenesis are added to the broad clinical manifestations of DiGeorge syndrome, caused by deletion of the T box transcription factor Tbx1.

Obstructive Malformations of the Internal Jugular Vein

2021

Obstructive malformations of the internal jugular veins represent a relatively new clinical problem, which as of yet has not been fully understood. In normal subjects, the internal jugular vein is valveless, except for a single valve, situated just above the junction of this vein with the brachiocephalic vein. Usually, normal jugular valves exhibit a two-leaflet structure. Stenotic lesions of these veins were described for the first time in 2009 in a group of multiple sclerosis patients. The most common obstructive malformation of the internal jugular vein is a stenotic valve. There are several morphological types of such aberrant valves, comprising annular stenoses, valves with fused, reve…

The Role of Lectins in Finfish: A Review

2019

The immune system of vertebrates involves both innate and acquired immune responses. The innate immunity is more generalized with robust response whereas the other has a highly specific response to infectious pathogens. Because of the lack of specialized lymphatic organs, innate immunity is an important mode of defense in fishes. The less specific innate immune system acts mainly through complement pathway which depends on pattern-based recognition of “self” and “non-self” targets by host lectins and associated proteins. This ultimately results in the clearance of target cells. Lectins are glycoproteins which possess at least one carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) that specifically and r…

Recent advances in understanding the lymphatic and glymphatic systems of the brain

2015

This review summarises current knowledge on the lymphatic system of the brain. It has long been believed that the central nervous system is characterised by the lack of a lymphatic system and that the role of the lymphatic system is played by cerebrospinal fluid. Recently, research has shown that not only is the brain equipped with its own unique lymphatic system, but also that this system consists of two anatomically and functionally distinct parts. One part of this system is a classic lymphatic system, i.e. the structure composed of genuine lymphatic vessels. The other, so-called glymphatic system, is primarily built by astrocytes. The newly discovered lymphatic system of the brain is lik…

Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Surgical Treatment

Lymphatic Mesenteric Cyst, a Rare Cause of Surgical Abdominal Pain: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020

A lymphatic mesenteric cyst (LMC) is a rare clinical entity, of unclear etiopathogenesis, which can arise in the abdominal cavity or retroperitoneum without a clear origin. We describe a case of a 74-year-old male presenting with abdominal pain that was non-specific and non-responsive to medical therapy. Laboratory tests clinical examination were inconclusive while the abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed a cystic lesion of the ileal mesentery. We performed an open surgical excision of the lesion with the resolution of clinical symptoms. The lesion resulted to be an LMC at the histological examination. At the five-year CT scan follow-up, we did not record any recurrences. LMCs pre…