Search results for "Lymphocyte"
showing 10 items of 2280 documents
Mouse langerhans cells differentially express an activated T cell-attracting CC chemokine.
1999
Epidermal Langerhans cells represent an immature population of dendritic cells, not yet able to prime naive T cells. Following in vitro culture Langerhans cells mature into potent immunostimulatory cells. We constructed a representative cDNA library of in vitro matured murine Langerhans cells. Applying a differential screening procedure 112 differentially expressed cDNA clones were isolated. Thirty-six clones represented cDNA fragments of the same gene, identifying it to be the most actively expressed gene induced in maturing Langerhans cells. A full-length cDNA was sequenced completely. The open reading frame codes for a protein of 92 amino acids containing a leader peptide of 24 amino aci…
Molecular Characterization of Virus-induced Autoantibody Responses
2004
Here we present a comprehensive molecular mapping of virus-induced autoimmune B cell responses obtained by serological identification of antigens by recombinant expression cloning analysis. Immunoscreening of cDNA expression libraries of various organs (lung, liver, and spleen) using sera from mice infected with cytopathic (vaccinia virus [VV]) or noncytopathic (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus [LCMV]) viruses revealed a broad specificity of the elicited autoantibody response. Interestingly, the majority of the identified autoantigens have been previously described as autoantigens in humans. We found that induction of virus-induced autoantibodies of the immunoglobulin G class largely depe…
Transglutaminase and polyamine dependence of effector functions of human immunocompetent cells
1982
AbstractThe effects of the transglutaminase inhibitor dansyl cadaverine (DC) and the polyamine antagonist methyl glyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MeGbG) on the response of lymphocytes towards allogeneic and lectin stimulation and on the zymosan-induced chemiluminescence of neutrophilic granulocytes was studied. Application of DC resulted in dose-dependent suppression of chemiluminiscence and lymphocyte proliferation; no difference of inhibitory potential occurred with variation of incubation time in the latter system. MeGbG was inactive in granulocytes, but inhibited lymphocyte proliferation; its effect increased with time. The experiments provide further evidence for the importance of transg…
CD95 death-inducing signaling complex formation and internalization occur in lipid rafts of type I and type II cells
2004
We investigated the membrane localization of CD95 in type I and type II cells, which differ in their ability to recruit and activate caspase-8. We found that CD95 was preferentially located in lipid rafts of type I cells, while it was present both in raft and non-raft plasma membrane sub-domains of type II cells. After stimulation, CD95 located in phospholipid-rich plasma membrane was recruited to lipid rafts in both types of cells. Similarly, CD95 cross-linking resulted in caspase-independent translocation of FADD/MORT1 and caspase-8 to the lipid rafts, which was prevented by a death domain-defective receptor. CD95 internalization was then rapid in type I and delayed in type II cells and s…
Cross-talk between Vβ8+and γδ+T lymphocytes in contact sensitivity
1998
We have previously reported that T lymphocytes proliferating in vitro to the hapten trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) exhibit a very restricted V beta gene usage and response to TNCB is limited to T-cell receptors (TCR) composed of V beta 8.2 in combination with V alpha 3.2, V alpha 8 and V alpha 10. This paper investigates the role played by T lymphocytes expressing the V beta 8.2 gene segment in the contact sensitivity (CS) reaction to TNCB in the intact mouse and in its passive transfer into naive recipient mice. Mice injected with monoclonal antibodies to V beta 8 are unable to develop CS upon immunization with TNCB and 4-day TNCB-immune lymph node cells from mice that had been depleted in v…
Role of γδ T lymphocytes in immune response in humans and mice
1998
T lymphocytes recognize antigen through the T cell receptor. T cells expressing the gamma delta T cell receptor have been found in many species. Whereas murine alpha beta T cells are concentrated in the lymphoid organs, gamma delta T cells represent only a minor population in the adult thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs (less than 5% of the population). However, murine gamma delta cells predominate in epidermis, in epithelial layers of small intestine, in lung, and in female reproductive organs. In contrast, human gamma delta cells predominate in lymphoid organs. Despite extensive progress in the molecular characterization of the gamma delta T cell receptor and its genes, the physiologic…
The development of synthetic antitumour vaccines from mucin glycopeptide antigens.
2013
Based on important cell-biological and biochemical results concerning the structural difference between membrane glycoproteins of normal epithelial cells and epithelial tumour cells, tumour-associated glycopeptide antigens have been chemically synthesised and structurally confirmed. Glycopeptide structures of the tandem repeat sequence of mucin MUC1 of epithelial tumour cells constitute the most promising tumour-associated antigens. In order to generate a sufficient immunogenicity of these endogenous structures, usually tolerated by the immune system, these synthetic glycopeptide antigens were conjugated to immune stimulating components: in fully synthetic two-component vaccines either with…
Metal ions modify DNA-protecting and mutagen-scavenging capacities of the AV-153 1,4-dihydropyridine.
2019
Abstract 1,4-Dihydropyridines (1,4-DHP) possess important biochemical and pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. AV-153-Na, an antimutagenic and DNA-repair enhancing compound was shown to interact with DNA by intercalation. Here we studied DNA binding of several AV-153 salts to evaluate the impact of AV-153 modifications on its DNA binding capacity, the ability to scavenge the peroxynitrite, to protect HeLa and B-cells cells against DNA damage. Affinity of the AV-153 salts to DNA measured by a fluorescence assay was dependent on the metal ion forming a salt in position 4 of the 1,4-DHP, and it decreased as follows: Mg > Na > Ca > Li > Rb > K. AV-153-…
GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION IN ANTIBODY AND T-CELL MEDIATED RESPONSES IN THE GREAT TIT
2006
Host parasite coevolution assumes pathogen specific genetic variation in host immune defense. Also, if immune function plays a role in the evolution of life history, allocation to immune function should be heritable. We conducted a cross-fostering experiment to test the relative importance of genetic and environmental sources of variation in T-cell mediated inflammatory response and antigen specific antibody responses in the great tits Parus major. Cell mediated response was measured during the nestling period and antibody response against two novel antigens was measured in two-month-old juveniles raised in a laboratory. We found no effect of nest of origin, but a strong effect of rearing e…
Biochemical markers in Celiac disease.
2009
Celiac Disease is a worldwide spread condition affecting 1:100-1:200 individuals. It is a permanent food intolerance to ingested gluten in genetically predisposed subjects. In this review we analyze the biochemical markers of the disease going from laboratory findings to histology passing through genetics. Gluten intolerance is a unique model of autoimmune disease in which we can recognize the main environmental factor (gluten) and the more complex genetic background. In additional way, serological markers for monitoring the disease and a safe and effective therapy (gluten free diet) are also available. In deed the environmental factor such as gluten intake is necessary to trigger the disea…