Search results for "MALADIE"

The effect of neurodegenerative lesions on the mechanism of motor resonance induced by action observation

2018

The concept of “embodied cognition” considers that the classical Perception-Cognition-Action architecture proposing a sequential flow of processing with clean cuts between all modules is not appropriate to understand the behavioral effect of neurodegenerative disorders and to find innovative therapeutic solutions. In the last decades, the discovery of the mirror neurons (MN) has given a biological substrate to this theoretical perspective: the MN are now thought linking together knowledge about actions and perceptions not only to integrate perception in action planning and execution but also as a neural mechanism supporting a wide range of cognitive functions, e.g. empathy and language. At …

Repérer, reconnaître et prévenir les risques psychosociaux : une analyse institutionnelle et économique du cas français

2017

In France, psychosocial risks (PSR) became a major concern for society by their stakes in termsof public health, costs for companies and workers. In the late 2000s, the Ministries of Labor and Health took up these challenges by initiating surveys, data collection and scientific works. Despite the development of knowledge about PSR and its consequences, the integration of these new risks into public and managerial policies is still very modest.Through an economic, institutional and empirical analysis, the main objective of this thesis is to contribute to a better knowledge of the consequences of PSR’ exposure for individual and for company, and to analyze the role of prevention authorities t…

Self treating in the moderne era

2013

In the modern era, self healing is to respond to situations created by medicine. Its effectiveness, its limits, its interventions, its practice, its tendency to medicalize existences, its inclusion in market economy are as many factors that interact with the self healing ability as attest the disruption of the patient's identity schema during interventions to repair physical trauma, chronic patient which depends on medicine, the medicalization of the aging. As well the task assigned to the modern man is to escape from enslavements, weathering effects, interferences generated by medical activities. In this sense, self healing is, on the one hand, to decrypt the aims of medicine and to determ…

Telomere length and cardiovascular disease

2010

SummaryTelomeres are structures composed of deoxyribonucleic acid repeats that protect the end of chromosomes, but shorten with each cell division. They have been the subject of many studies, particularly in the field of oncology, and more recently their role in the onset, development and prognosis of cardiovascular disease has generated considerable interest. It has already been shown that these structures may deteriorate at the beginning of the atherosclerotic process, in the onset and development of arterial hypertension or during myocardial infarction, in which their length may be a predictor of outcome. As telomere length by its nature is a marker of cell senescence, it is of particula…

Segmentation automatique et analyse de forme d'hippocampes humains dans l'étude de la maladie d'Alzheimer

2011

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the shape change in hippocampus due to the atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To this end, specific algorithms and methodologies were developed to segment the hippocampus from structural magnetic resonance (MR) images and model variations in its shape. We use a multi-atlas based segmentation propagation approach for the segmentation of hippocampus which has been shown to obtain accurate parcellation of brain structures. We developed a supervised method to build a population specific atlas database, by propagating the parcellations from a smaller generic atlas database. Well segmented images are inspected and added to the set of atlases, such that t…

Analyses spectrale et texturale de données haute résolution pour la détection automatique des maladies de la vigne

2019

‘Flavescence dorée’ is a contagious and incurable disease present on the vine leaves. The DAMAV project (Automatic detection of Vine Diseases) aims to develop a solution for automated detection of vine diseases using a micro-drone. The goal is to offer a turnkey solution for wine growers. This tool will allow the search for potential foci, and then more generally any type of detectable vine disease on the foliage. To enable this diagnosis, the foliage is proposed to be studied using a dedicated high-resolution multispectral camera.The objective of this PhD-thesis in the context of DAMAV is to participate in the design and implementation of a Multi-Spectral (MS) image acquisition system and …

Bovine paramphistomosis in Galicia (Spain): Prevalence, intensity, aetiology and geospatial distribution of the infection

2013

12 páginas, 5 figuras, 4 tablas.

Biocontrôle : impacts écologiques et durabilité

2022

New hypothesis on the ploidy of the hybrid species Phytopthora alni subsp. alni

2012

EA MERS CT3 Affiche (+ résumé mais sans mention de C. Revellin sur le résumé (oubli de C. Husson)); Alder decline caused by the Phytophthora alni complex is one of the most important diseases in natural ecosystems in Europe in the last 20 years. The emergence of Phytophthora alni subsp. alni (Paa), the pathogen responsible for the epidemics, is linked to an interspecific hybridization event between two parental species: Phytophthora alni subsp. multiformis (Pam) and Phytophthora alni subsp. uniformis (Pau). One of these parental species, Pau that has been isolated in several European countries and in North America, specifically in Alaska and Oregon, is exotic to Europe and a diploid species…

Activité physique : contextes et effets sur la santé - Synthèse et recommandations

2008

1L’activité physique peut s’effectuer dans différents contextes.Elle peut être liée à l’activité professionnelle, se pratiquer àl’occasion de loisirs ou au cours de travaux domestiques et égalements’intégrer aux déplacements.Pour une grande partie de la population, l’exercice physiquen’est plus aujourd’hui associé aux activités professionnelles etaux déplacements de la vie quotidienne. L’accroissementdu travail sédentaire et des activités récréatives physiquementpassives (télévision, jeux vidéo…) a diminué la dépenseénergétique venant équilibrer les apports. L’activité physiquedépend donc principalement chez l’adulte de sa motivationà la pratiquer au cours de ses loisirs de manière spontané…