Search results for "MATTER"

showing 10 items of 16762 documents

Sequential dissociation of insulin amyloids probed by high pressure Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

2012

High Pressure (HP) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) has been here employed to investigate the thermodynamic stability of bovine pancreatic insulin (BPI) amyloids. Once the aggregation reaction has started, the backbone arrangement of the proteins forming the amyloid is known to reach a stationary phase in few hours; after this time the infrared absorption of fibrils becomes stable. It is here shown how the further stabilization of the structure during the stationary phase can be probed via FTIR spectroscopy, through the observation of the high pressure behaviour of fibrils formed at different maturation stages. We report on the high pressure fragmentation of insulin amyloids, …

insulinAmyloidInfraredChemistryamyloidInfrared spectroscopyGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsDissociation (chemistry)high pressureCrystallographysymbols.namesakeFourier transformFTIRBiophysicssymbolsChemical stabilityFourier transform infrared spectroscopySpectroscopySoft Matter
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On the Fast and Rigorous Analysis of Compensated Waveguide Junctions Using Off-Centered Partial-Height Metallic Posts

2007

In this paper, we present an efficient and rigorous method, based on the 3-D boundary integral-resonant-mode expansion technique, for the analysis of multiport rectangular waveguide junctions compensated with partial-height cylindrical metallic posts. The electrical performance of a great variety of commonly used wideband microwave circuits has been improved drastically thanks to the introduction of a new design parameter, i.e., the relative position of the metallic post in the structure. To the authors' knowledge, this parameter has not been taken into account in previous studies concerning compensated junctions using partial-height metallic posts. The developed tool has been successfully …

integral equationsmethod of momentsRadiationbusiness.industryAcousticsNumerical analysiswaveguide junctionsMethod of moments (statistics)Condensed Matter PhysicsWaveguide (optics)Finite element methodcompensationOpticsPower dividers and directional couplerswaveguide componentsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringWidebandbusinessMicrowaveElectronic circuitMathematicsIEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
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Measurement of the low-energy antideuteron inelastic cross section

2020

In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions at low particle momenta, covering a range of $0.3 \leq p < 4$ GeV/$c$. The measurement is carried out using p-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC and utilizing the detector material as an absorber for antideuterons and antiprotons. The extracted raw primary antiparticle-to-particle ratios are compared to the results from detailed ALICE simulations based on the GEANT4 toolkit for the propagation of antiparticles through the detector material. The analysis of th…

interaction [cosmic radiation]MOMENTUM RANGEAntiparticle:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]HadronGeneral Physics and AstronomyPROPAGATIONcosmic radiation: interactionhiukkasfysiikkanucl-ex01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICEbenchmarknucleon nucleonHadron-Hadron scattering (experiments)antideuteronmodel: GlauberpropagationAnti-nuclei[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]ABSORPTIONAntimatter; heavy ion reactionsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear Experimenthadron-hadron scatteringNuclear Physics LHC ALICEPhysicsHadron-Hadron scattering (experiments); antinuclei cross sectionsLarge Hadron Colliderp: spectrumheavy ion reactionsPhysicsspectrum [p]VDP::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431antinuclei cross sectionsanti-pddc:3. Good healthPRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]DEUTERONSantimateriaVDP::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431COALESCENCEAntimatterGEANTantinucleus: productionydinfysiikkaParticle Physics - ExperimentPB-PB COLLISIONSAntimatterCERN Labinterpretation of experiments: CERN LHC CollFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Physics and Astronomy(all)114 Physical sciencesdark matterNuclear physicsMomentumCross section (physics)0103 physical sciencesSCATTERINGddc:530Anti-nuclei; ALICE experiment; hadron-hadron scatteringNuclear Physics - Experimentnumerical calculations010306 general physicsHE-4PB-PB COLLISIONS; LIGHT-NUCLEI; MOMENTUM RANGE; GEV-C; ABSORPTION; HE-4; PROPAGATION; COALESCENCE; SCATTERING; DEUTERONShep-exGlauber [model]low-energy antideuteron ; cross sectionALICE experimentparametrizationantiparticleNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.LIGHT-NUCLEIGEV-CAntiprotonCERN LHC Coll [interpretation of experiments]Elementary Particles and FieldsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentproduction [antinucleus]Glauber
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Recent highlights from GENIE v3

2021

Funder: u.s. department of energy; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000015

interaction: modelGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencespi: production01 natural sciencesprogrammingdark matterHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]neutrino: scatteringGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsnumerical calculationsneutrino: interactionneutrino nucleus: scattering010308 nuclear & particles physicsnew physicsfinal-state interactionHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]5106 Nuclear and Plasma Physics51 Physical Sciences5107 Particle and High Energy Physics
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Distribution and generation of traps in SiO2/Al2O3 gate stacks

2007

In this work we combine charge-pumping measurements with positive constant voltage stress to investigate trap generation in SiO2/ Al2O3 n-MOSFET. Trap density has been scanned either in energy or in position based on charge-pumping (CP) measurements performed under different operating conditions in terms of amplitude and frequency of the gate pulse. Our results have revealed that the traps are meanly localized shallow in energy level, deeper in spatial position and they are mostly generated near the Si/SiO2 interface. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

interface trapsWork (thermodynamics)Materials sciencecharge pumping (CP)Settore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaTrap (computing)Stress (mechanics)Position (vector)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSafety Risk Reliability and QualityBulk trapsbusiness.industryElectrical engineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulse (physics)AmplitudeDistribution (mathematics)Control and Systems Engineeringenergy distributionAtomic physicsbusinesshigh-k dielectricsEnergy (signal processing)
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The effect of Ag, Pb and Bi impurities on grain boundary sliding and intergranular decohesion in Copper

2016

We investigate the changes in grain boundary sliding (GBS) and intergranular decohesion in copper (Cu), due to the inclusion of bismuth (Bi), lead (Pb) and silver (Ag) substitutional impurity atoms at a $\Sigma$5 (0 1 2) symmetric tilt grain boundary (GB), using a first-principles concurrent multiscale approach. We first study the segregation behavior of the impurities by determining the impurity segregation energy in the vicinity of the GB. We find that the energetically preferred sites are on the GB plane. We investigate the intergranular decohesion of Cu by Bi and Pb impurities and compare this to the effect of Ag impurities by considering the work of separation, $W_s$ and the tensile st…

intergranular decohesionMaterials scienceMetallurgyFoundation (engineering)chemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyIntergranular corrosion021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesCopperchemistryImpurityGrain boundaries0103 physical sciencesgrain boundary sliding010306 general physics0210 nano-technologydensity functional theoryGrain Boundary SlidingPhilosophical Magazine
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Reactivity of 4-Aminopyridine with Halogens and Interhalogens : Weak Interactions Supported Networks of 4-Aminopyridine and 4-Aminopyridinium

2019

The reaction of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) with ICl in a 1:1 molar ratio in CH2Cl2 produced the expected charge-transfer complex [4-NH2-1λ4-C5H4N-1-ICl] (1·ICl) and the ionic species [(4-NH2-1λ4-C5H4N)2-1μ-I+][Cl–] (2·Cl–) in a 2:1 relation, as indicated by 1H NMR spectroscopy in solution. In contrast, only the ionic compound [(4-NH2-1λ4-C5H4N)2-1μ-I+][IBr2–] (2·IBr2–) was observed in the analogous reaction with IBr. The reaction between 4-AP and I2 in a 1:1 molar ratio also afforded two components, one of which was identified as the congeneric cation in [(4-NH2-1λ4-C5H4N)2-1μ-I+][I7–] (2·I7–) that contains a polyiodide anion as a result of transformation in a 1:2 molar ratio between the starti…

interhalogenshalogeenit010405 organic chemistryChemistry4-AminopyridineIonic bondingGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistry0104 chemical scienceskemialliset sidoksetMolar ratioHalogenmedicinehalogensGeneral Materials ScienceReactivity (chemistry)4-Aminopyridineta116orgaaniset yhdisteetmedicine.drugCrystal Growth and Design
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Self-assembly mechanism based on charge density topological interaction energies

2017

The packing interactions have been evaluated in the context of the self-assembly mechanism of crystal growth and also for its impacts on the aromaticity of the trimesate anion. The structure of ethylammonium trimesate hydrate (1) measured at 100 K and a charge density model, derived in part from theoretical structures, is reported. Theoretical structure factors were obtained from the geometry-optimized periodic wave function. The trimesic acid portion of 1 is fully deprotonated and participates in a variety hydrogen bonding motifs. Topological analysis of the charge density model reveals the most significant packing interactions and is then compared to a complementary analysis performed by …

intermolecular interactions010405 organic chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondsupramolecular synthonsIntermolecular forceCharge densityAromaticityContext (language use)010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsTopology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencestopological analysischemistry.chemical_compoundcharge densitySelf-assemblyTrimesic acidPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHydrateStructural Chemistry
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Intrinsic spin-orbit interaction in diffusive normal wire Josephson weak links: Supercurrent and density of states

2015

We study the effect of the intrinsic (Rashba or Dresselhaus) spin-orbit interaction in superconductor--nanowire--superconductor (SNS) weak links in the presence of a spin-splitting field that can result either from an intrinsic exchange field or the Zeeman effect of an applied field. We solve the full non-linear Usadel equations numerically and analyze the resulting supercurrent through the weak link and the behavior of the density of states in the center of the wire. We point out how the presence of the spin-orbit interaction gives rise to a long-range spin triplet supercurrent, which remains finite even in the limit of very large exchange fields. In particular, we show how rotating the fi…

intrinsic spin-orbit interactionField (physics)ta221Josephson weak linksFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologysuperconductors01 natural sciencesSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)symbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicssupercurrentSpin-½SuperconductivityPhysicsZeeman effectta114Condensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivitySupercurrentSpin–orbit interactionCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologynanowiresPairingDensity of statessymbols0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review B
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Preparation of Polymeric Nanoparticles by Photo-Crosslinking of an Acryloylated Polyaspartamide in w/o Microemulsion

2004

Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles have been prepared by UV irradiation of an acryloylated water soluble polymer by an inverse microemulsion. The starting polymer was a α,β‐poly(N‐2‐hydroxyethyl)‐D,L‐aspartamide (PHEA) partially functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in order to introduce reactive vinyl groups in the side chain. The PHEA‐GMA copolymer obtained (PHG) was crosslinked by UV irradiation of the inverse microemulsion prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of PHG with propylene carbonate (PC)/ethyl acetate (EtOAc) in the presence of sorbitan trioleate (SPAN 85) as surfactant. Nanoparticles obtained were characterized by FTIR spectrophotometry, transmission electron mic…

inverse microemulsionGlycidyl methacrylatePHGAqueous solutionPolymers and PlasticsChemistryOrganic ChemistryNanoparticleCondensed Matter Physicsacryloylated polyaspartamide inverse microemulsion irradiation nanoparticles PHG photo‐crosslinkingphoto-crosslinkingchemistry.chemical_compoundSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryZeta potentialSide chainCopolymernanoparticlesMicroemulsionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDrug carrieracryloylated polyaspartamideMacromolecular Chemistry and Physics
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