Search results for "MATTER"

showing 10 items of 16762 documents

3,4,5-Trimethoxy-4'-methylbiphenyl

2013

In the title compound, C16H18O3, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 33.4 (2)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are packed in a zigzag arrangement along the b-axis and are inter­connected via weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and C—H⋯π inter­actions involving the meth­oxy groups and the benzene rings of neighbouring molecules.

röntgendiffraktiocrystal structure010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bonddendrimeeri prekursoriGeneral ChemistrykiderakenneDihedral angle010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesOrganic Papers3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesX-ray diffractionCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryZigzagdendrimer precursorMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceBenzeneta116Acta Crystallographica Section E-Structure Reports Online
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3,5-Dimethoxy-4'-methylbiphenyl

2013

The title compound, C15H16O2, crystallizes with three independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The intra­molecular torsion angle between the aromatic rings of each mol­ecule are −36.4 (3), 41.3 (3) and −37.8 (3)°. In the crystal, the complicated packing of the mol­ecules forms wave-like layers along the b and c axes. The mol­ecules are connected via extensive meth­oxy–phenyl C—H…π inter­actions. A weak C—H…O hydrogen-bonding network also exists between meth­oxy O atoms and aromatic or meth­oxy H atoms.

röntgendiffraktiocrystal structuredendrimeeri prekursori010405 organic chemistryChemistryX-ray DiffractionAromaticitykiderakenneGeneral ChemistryDihedral angle010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsBioinformaticsOrganic Papers01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthCrystalCrystallographydendrimer precursorGeneral Materials Scienceta116
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3,4-Dimethoxy-4'-methylbiphenyl

2013

In the title compound, C15H16O2, the dihedral angle between the planes of the aromatic rings is 30.5 (2). In the crystal, molecules are linked via C—HO hydrogen bonds and C— H interactions, forming a two-dimensional network lying parallel to (100). peerReviewed

röntgendiffraktiocrystal structuredendrimeeri prekursori010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondChemistryAromaticitykiderakenneGeneral ChemistryDihedral angle010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesOrganic PapersX-ray diffraction0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthCrystalCrystallographydendrimer precursorGeneral Materials Scienceta116Acta Crystallographica Section E-Structure Reports Online
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Methyl 3',5'-dimethoxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate

2013

In the title compound, C16H16O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 28.9 (2)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are packed in layers parallel to the b axis in which they are connected via weak inter­molecular C-H...O contacts. Face-to-face π-π inter­actions also exist between the benzene rings of adjacent mol­ecules, with centroid-centroid and plane-to-plane shift distances of 3.8597 (14) and 1.843 (2) Å, respectively.

röntgendiffraktiocrystal structuredendrimeeri prekursorikiderakenneDihedral angle010402 general chemistryBioinformatics01 natural sciencesOrganic PapersCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundGeneral Materials ScienceBenzeneta116Biphenyl010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryMeth-Condensed Matter PhysicsX-ray diffraction0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthCrystallographychemistrydendrimer precursorLayer (electronics)
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Methyl 3',4',5'-trimethoxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate

2013

In the title compound, C17H18O5, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 31.23 (16)°. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are packed in an anti­parallel fashion in layers along the a axis. In each layer, very weak C-H...O hydrogen bonds occur between the meth­oxy and methyl ester groups. Weak C-H...[pi] inter­actions between the 4'- and 5'-meth­oxy groups and neighbouring benzene rings [meth­oxy-C-ring centroid distances = 4.075 and 3.486 Å, respectively] connect the layers.

röntgendiffraktiocrystal structuredendrimeeriprekursorikiderakenneDihedral angle010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryAntiparallel (biochemistry)01 natural sciencesOrganic PapersCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceCarboxylateBenzeneta116ChemistryHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physics3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesX-ray diffractionCrystallographydendrimer precursorSingle crystal
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1,1,4,4-Tetramethylpiperazinediium dibromide

2009

A small quantity of the title compound, C8H20N22+·2Br−, was formed as a by-product in a reaction between a diamine and an alkyl bromide. The asymmetric unit contains half of a centrosymmetric dication and a bromide anion. In the crystal, weak intermolecular C—H...Br hydrogen bonds consolidate the crystal packing.

röntgenlristallografiabiologyHydrogen bondAlkyl bromidedikationinen ammoniumdibromididicationic ammonium dibromideGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physicsbiology.organism_classificationBioinformaticsOrganic PapersMedicinal chemistryX-ray diffractionIonDicationlcsh:ChemistryCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:QD1-999chemistryBromideDiamineTetraGeneral Materials ScienceActa Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online
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Positron production using a 9 MeV electron linac for the GBAR experiment

2020

For the GBAR (Gravitational Behaviour of Antihydrogen at Rest) experiment at CERN's Antiproton Decelerator (AD) facility we have constructed a source of slow positrons, which uses a low-energy electron linear accelerator (linac). The driver linac produces electrons of 9 MeV kinetic energy that create positrons from bremsstrahlung-induced pair production. Staying below 10 MeV ensures no persistent radioactive activation in the target zone and that the radiation level outside the biological shield is safe for public access. An annealed tungsten-mesh assembly placed directly behind the target acts as a positron moderator. The system produces $5\times10^7$ slow positrons per second, a performan…

safetyAntimatterNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCERN LabPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorstungstenPositronAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesElectron01 natural sciences7. Clean energyLinear particle acceleratorpositron: particle source010305 fluids & plasmaselectron: pair productionNuclear physicselectron: linear acceleratorPositronPositron; Linear accelerator; Antimatter; Antihydrogen; Gravitation0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Detectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsAntihydrogenphysics.ins-detInstrumentationenergy: lowantihydrogenPhysicsLarge Hadron Collidergravitation 2Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)linear acceleratorAntiproton DeceleratorPair productionradioactivityAntimattergravitation: accelerationPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentperformancepositron: yieldGravitationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Controlling the crystal growth of potassium iodide with a 1,1'-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-2,2'-biimidazole ligand (L) – formation of a linear [K4I4L4]n …

2018

The crystal growth of potassium iodide was controlled by using the neutral organic 1,1′-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-2,2′-biimidazole (L) ligand as a modifier. The selected modifier allows the preservation of original cubic [K4I4] units and their arrangement into a linear ligand-supported 1D chain. The supported [K4I4] cubes are only slightly distorted compared to the cubes found in pure KI salt. The N–K binding of the ligand to the KI salt, as well as weak I⋯H, N⋯H, and N⋯I interactions, stabilizes the structure to create a unique 1D polymer of neutral potassium iodide ionic salt inside the [K4I4L4]n complex.

saltsIonic bondingSalt (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_elementsuolat (yhdisteet)Crystal growth02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryIodine01 natural sciencescrystalsGeneral Materials Sciencepolymeeritta116polymerschemistry.chemical_classificationLigandGeneral ChemistryPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicskiteet0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistry0210 nano-technologyCrystEngComm
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A black-box, general purpose quadratic self-consistent field code with and without Cholesky Decomposition of the two-electron integrals

2021

We present the implementation of a quadratically convergent self-consistent field (QCSCF) algorithm based on an adaptive trust-radius optimisation scheme for restricted open-shell Hartree���Fock (ROHF), restricted Hartree���Fock (RHF), and unrestricted Hartree���Fock (UHF) references. The algorithm can exploit Cholesky decomposition (CD) of the two-electron integrals to allow calculations on larger systems. The most important feature of the QCSCF code lies in its black-box nature ��� probably the most important quality desired by a generic user. As shown for pilot applications, it does not require one to tune the self-consistent field (SCF) parameters (damping, Pulay's DIIS, and other simil…

self-consistent fieldField (physics)Nuclear TheoryBiophysicsHartree–Fock methodsecond-orderFOS: Physical sciencesHartree–FockQuadratic equationBlack boxPhysics - Chemical PhysicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCode (cryptography)Applied mathematicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhysics::Chemical PhysicsMolecular BiologyMathematicsQuadratic growthCholesky decomposition; Hartree–Fock; Levenberg–Marquardt; second-order; self-consistent fieldChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Condensed Matter PhysicsLevenberg–Marquardt algorithmLevenberg–MarquardtCholesky decompositionCholesky decomposition
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Review article: recommended reading list of early publications on atomic layer deposition - outcome of the "virtual Project on the History of ALD"

2017

Atomic layer deposition (ALD), a gas-phase thin film deposition technique based on repeated, self-terminating gas-solid reactions, has become the method of choice in semiconductor manufacturing and many other technological areas for depositing thin conformal inorganic material layers for various applications. ALD has been discovered and developed independently, at least twice, under different names: atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) and molecular layering. ALE, dating back to 1974 in Finland, has been commonly known as the origin of ALD, while work done since the 1960s in the Soviet Union under the name "molecular layering" (and sometimes other names) has remained much less known. The virtual proj…

semiconductor manufacturingThin filmsPatent literature2015 Nano TechnologyHOL - HolstLibrary scienceNanotechnology02 engineering and technologydeposition01 natural sciencesPoster presentationsAtomic layer deposition0103 physical sciencesAtomic layer epitaxy[CHIM]Chemical SciencesReading listPatentsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSgas-solid reaction010302 applied physicsTS - Technical SciencesIndustrial Innovationinorganic materialPhysicsAtomic layer depositionSilicaSurfaces and InterfacesatomikerroskasvatusAtomic layer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicshistory of technologySurfaces Coatings and FilmsALD0210 nano-technologySoviet unionAtomic layer epitaxial growthEpitaxyJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology A
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