Search results for "MAZ"

Neue Antiepileptika in der Entwicklung. Substanzen mit neuen Wirkmechanismen

2007

Unbestritten ist, dass sich durch den Einsatz von Antiepileptika der 2. Generation die Situation fur Epilepsiepatienten entscheidend verbessert hat. Dennoch bleibt ein Patientenklientel, bei dem keine ausreichende Anfallskontrolle erreicht wird, das therapierefraktar ist oder im Verlauf der Behandlung wird. Weiterentwicklungen von AEDs aus der 2. Generation (“follow-up compounds”) bzw. Wirkstoffe mit neuen Strukturen und Wirkmechanismen konnten zukunftig diese Lucke fullen.

Zunahme der Promazin-Albumin-Bindung, bedingt durch andere Pharmaka

1969

Characterization of a common binding site for basic drugs on human ?2-acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid)

1983

The interaction of chlorpromazine, dl-propranolol, and imipramine with isolated α1-acid glycoprotein is characterized by relatively high association constants and only one binding site per protein molecule. The mutual displacement between the three drugs indicates that all three compounds are bound to the same binding site. Several other basic drugs from different pharmacological and chemical classes also displace chlorpromazine, dl-propranolol, and imipramine with potencies, one would predict from their association constants or from the degree of their plasma binding in humans. It is concluded that displacement phenomena like those observed in this study in vitro are likely to occur also i…

Neurotoxicity and persistent cognitive deficits induced by combined MDMA and alcohol exposure in adolescent rats

2010

Recent trend assessments of drug consumption reveal an increase in the simultaneous use of several drugs at raves, clubs and college settings among youngsters and young adults. We studied in adolescent rats the effects of repeated exposure to cocaine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethanphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy), given alone or in combination with alcohol, on memory performance, adult hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotoxicity. Rats were trained two weeks after the drug treatments in the radial arm maze. The results showed that only rats exposed to combinations of alcohol and MDMA exhibited significant memory deficits. Alcohol, MDMA and combinations thereof significantly decreased 5-bromodeoxyuridin…

Candidate target mechanisms of the growth inhibitor cyromazine: Studies of phenylalanine hydroxylase, puparial amino acids, and dihydrofolate reducta…

2000

Cyromazine, an insect growth regulator, affects larval and pupal cuticles in dipterans and some other insects. The mode of action of this aminotriazine is not known yet, though it has been shown not to inhibit the synthesis of chitin and cuticular proteins. Cyromazine may, however, act on some step(s) of sclerotization of the cuticle. In the present study, we have analyzed the key enzyme for the production of sclerotization agents, phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), using the enzyme from Drosophila, a cyromazine-sensitive insect. PAH was studied in vitro with cyromazine and three biologically less active derivatives at concentrations ranging from 1 μM to 1 mM. None of the compounds did signif…

Influence of carbenoxolone on the anticonvulsant efficacy of conventional antiepileptic drugs against audiogenic seizures in DBA/2 mice

2004

Carbenoxolone, the succinyl ester of glycyrrhetinic acid, is an inhibitor of 11beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and gap junctional intercellular communication. It is currently used in clinical treatment of ulcer diseases. Systemic administration of carbenoxolone (1-40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) was able to produce a dose-dependent decrease in DBA/2 audiogenic seizure severity score. Glycyrrhizin, an analogue of carbenoxolone inactive at the gap-junction level, was unable to affect audiogenic seizures at doses up to 30 mg/kg. In combination with conventional antiepileptic drugs, carbenoxolone, 0.5 mg/kg, i.p., which per se did not significantly affect the occurrence of audiogenic sei…

Antiepileptic drug use in nursing home residents: a cross-sectional, regional study.

2006

Summary The use of antiepileptic drugs (AED), their primary indication, comorbid conditions, and concomitant medications were collected from 565 nursing homes (NH) residents of six NH located around the city of Mainz, Germany representing 5.05% of all NH residents in the area. Data were collected from the electronic pharmacy files and by reviewing all available medical records. Average age was 82.2±2.4 years, 85.5% were women. Of 565 NH residents 28 (4.96%) received AED therapy, of which in 17 (63%) AED were prescribed for a seizure-related diagnosis. In 76.5% seizure types were unspecified and a distinction in focal and generalized epilepsy was made in only 23.5% of patients. Three patient…

Optimization of Innovative Three-Dimensionally-Structured Hybrid Vesicles to Improve the Cutaneous Delivery of Clotrimazole for the Treatment of Topi…

2019

New three-dimensionally-structured hybrid phospholipid vesicles, able to load clotrimazole in a high amount (10 mg/mL), were obtained for the first time in this work by significantly reducing the amount of water (&le

Phylogenetic placement of Triaenophora (formerly Scrophulariaceae) with some implications for the phylogeny of Lamiales

2009

Phylogenetic placement of Triaenophora together with Rehmannia were explored with DNA sequence data from five regions (rbcL, ndhF, rps16, trnL-F, nr ITS) in two combined data matrices. One (rbcL, ndhF, rps16) represented a wide sampling across most families of Lamiales. The other data matrix represented two DNA regions partly unalignable across Lamiales (trnL-F, nr ITS) plus rps16, which proved to be variable enough to give resolution at a smaller taxonomic level in Lamiales. Triaenophora rupestris and Rehmannia are sister taxa, composing a strongly supported clade, which is sister to all representative genera of Orobanchaceae. Furthermore, Paulowniaceae and Phrymaceae are next to Orobancha…

Testing the outflow theory of Malcherek by slit weir data

2018

Abstract In this paper the flow-process of a slit weir is analyzed by the outflow theory of Malcherek. Average flow velocity over the slit weir is expressed in terms of head over weir and the momentum correction coefficient. The theoretically deduced stage-discharge formula was then calibrated using experimental data obtained for a ratio between the weir and the channel width ranging from 0.05 to 0.25. The deduced stage–discharge relationship allows to measure discharge values characterized by errors which are, for 91% of the measured values, less than or equal to ± 5%.