Search results for "MENTAL HEALTH"

Smartphone Apps for the Treatment of Mental Disorders: Systematic Review

2020

Background Smartphone apps are an increasingly popular means for delivering psychological interventions to patients suffering from a mental disorder. In line with this popularity, there is a need to analyze and summarize the state of the art, both from a psychological and technical perspective. Objective This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the use of smartphones for psychological interventions. Our systematic review has the following objectives: (1) analyze the coverage of mental disorders in research articles per year; (2) study the types of assessment in research articles per mental disorder per year; (3) map the use of advanced technical features, such as sensors…

2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> A major and complex challenge when trying to support individuals with dementia is meeting the needs of those who experience changes in behaviour and mood. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> To explore how a sensor measuring electrodermal activity (EDA) impacts assistant nurses’ structured assessments of problematic behaviours amongst people with dementia and their choices of care interventions. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Fourteen individuals with dementia wore a sensor that measured EDA. The information from the sensor was presented to assistant nurses during structured assessments of problematic behaviours. The e…

A systematic review of human behaviour in and around floodwater

2020

Abstract Flooding can have a major impact on people's safety and livelihood. Understanding people's flood-related behaviours may assist in the development of more effective strategies aimed at lessening the impact of floods including mortality and morbidity. This systematic review examined peer-reviewed literature published from January-1989 to April-2019 on human behaviour in and around floodwater to identify behaviour patterns as well as protective and risk factors. We extracted three main themes from a thematic analysis of included studies (N = 54): activities and risk-taking behaviours (n = 24); loss reduction, knowledge, and warnings (n = 37); and diet and hygiene (n = 4). This review …

Virtual and Augmented Reality Mirrors for Mental Health Treatment

2020

Virtual and Augmented Reality are technologies widely used in a variety of areas, including the medical sector. On the other hand, regular mirrors have been traditionally used as tools to aid in mental health treatment for a variety of diseases and disorders. Although it is possible to build Virtual and Augmented Reality experiences based on mirror metaphors, there are very few contributions of this kind in the medical sector. In this chapter, the great benefits that regular mirrors have brought for mental health treatment are addressed. In addition, a review on the state of the art in mirror-based Virtual and Augmented Reality applications is given, highlighting the potential benefits that…

2019

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate participation and effectiveness of a multiyear comprehensive workplace health promotion (WHP) program. Methods Participation and effectiveness data came from employer and vendor systems. Health data came from health risk assessments (HRA) and biometric screenings. Participation and effectiveness were analyzed using descriptive analyses, t tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests where appropriate. Overall impact was assessed using the PIPE Impact Metric. Results Eighty-six percent of employees completed the HRA and 80% the biometrical screenings. Annual participation rate was 24%, and total reach was 58%. The portion of successful participants was 2…

Gender, Coping, and Mental Health: a Bayesian Network Model Analysis

2016

We examined the relationships among gender, coping, and mental health in terms of probabilities. We selected a sample of university students (N = 131) aged between 18 and 32 years, and used the GHQ-28 and COPE instruments for analysis. The Bayesian network model that we constructed showed higher probabilities of symptoms of mental health problems for emotion-focused coping than for problem-focused coping. No differences were found regarding gender. This suggests that the use of problem-focused coping is more recommendable for both male and female university students, and it may also provide some benefits in terms of treatment of symptoms of mental health problems. However, to further verify…

Pharmakologisches Neuroenhancement in Deutschland

2019

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Angaben zur Verbreitung des pharmakologischen Neuroenhancements (pNE) in Deutschland variieren stark. Der Beitrag diskutiert, inwieweit dieser Umstand methodischen Aspekten der Prävalenzstudien geschuldet sein könnte. Methode Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick zum aktuellen Forschungsstand und beleuchtet methodische Probleme der Prävalenzforschung in Deutschland. Ergebnisse Die Prävalenzangaben variieren je nach Erhebungsmethode, abgefragtem Zeitpunkt der Einnahme und untersuchten Zielgruppen und Stoffen bei verschreibungspflichtigen und illegalen Substanzen zwischen einem und 39%. Für frei erhältliche Mittel werden z. T. höhere Prävalenzen berichtet. Es lassen…

Ideación suicida en una muestra representativa de adolescentes españoles

2018

Resumen Introduccion El suicidio es un problema sociosanitario de primer orden. El proposito de este estudio fue analizar la ideacion suicida en una muestra representativa de adolescentes espanoles. Concretamente, se examino las tasas de prevalencia, se valido la Escala Paykel de Ideacion Suicida (Paykel Suicide Scale, PSS) y se analizo el ajuste socioemocional de aquellos adolescentes con ideacion suicida. Material y metodos La muestra la formaron 1.664 participantes (M = 16,12 anos; DT = 1,36; rango 14-19 anos) seleccionados mediante muestreo estratificado por conglomerados. Los instrumentos empleados fueron la PSS, el Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, el Personal Wellbeing Index–…

Impacto de la crisis económica del 2008 en el número de jóvenes hospitalizados por patología psiquiátrica

2019

Resumen Introduccion Se dispone de escasa literatura cientifica sobre el impacto de la crisis economica de 2008 en los servicios de salud mental en Espana. Metodo Se ha realizado un analisis de serie temporal interrumpido para examinar una posible asociacion a corto plazo entre la crisis economica y el numero de hospitalizaciones psiquiatricas. El momento de la intervencion (abril del 2008) se fijo sobre la base de los cambios observados en el Producto Interior Bruto (PIB). Se analizaron los datos de 1.152.880 hospitalizaciones psiquiatricas proporcionados por la Encuesta Nacional de Morbilidad Hospitalaria, 69 meses antes y despues del inicio de la crisis economica (abril del 2008). Result…

Fases temporales y variables motivacionales: dos perspectivas complementarias en el proceso de búsqueda de ayuda por enfermedad mental

2018

Resumen Introduccion La busqueda de ayuda profesional por enfermedad mental es un proceso complejo, con etapas y momentos temporales diferentes, en el que desempenan un papel especialmente relevante los aspectos motivacionales. Sin embargo, no hay instrumentos de evaluacion que permitan valorar tanto las variables temporales como las motivacionales. El objetivo de este estudio es ofrecer informacion detallada sobre ambos conjuntos de variables, mediante un instrumento especificamente disenado para ello, de tal manera que se pueda comprender mejor el proceso de busqueda de tratamiento. Material y metodos Participaron 152 pacientes ambulatorios que habian solicitado ayuda profesional en una u…