Search results for "MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS"

HIF-Overexpression and Pro-Inflammatory Priming in Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Improves the Healing Properties of Extracellular Vesicles in Exper…

2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have therapeutic potential in the treatment of several immune disorders, including ulcerative colitis, owing to their regenerative and immunosuppressive properties. We recently showed that MSCs engineered to overexpress hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and telomerase (MSC-T-HIF) and conditioned with pro-inflammatory stimuli release EVs (EVMSC-T-HIFC) with potent immunomodulatory activity. We tested the efficacy of EVMSC-T-HIFC to repolarize M1 macrophages (Mφ1) to M2-like macrophages (Mφ2-like) by analyzing surface markers and cytokines and performing functional assays in co-culture, including efferocytosis and T-cel…

HIF-1α and Pro-Inflammatory Signaling Improves the Immunomodulatory Activity of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

2021

Despite the strong evidence for the immunomodulatory activity of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), clinical trials have so far failed to clearly show benefit, likely reflecting methodological shortcomings and lack of standardization. MSC-mediated tissue repair is commonly believed to occur in a paracrine manner, and it has been stated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by MSCs (EVMSC) are able to recapitulate the immunosuppressive properties of parental cells. As a next step, clinical trials to corroborate preclinical studies should be performed. However, effective dose in large mammals, including humans, is quite high and EVs industrial production is hindered by the proliferative s…

Co-administration of human MSC overexpressing HIF-1α increases human CD34+ cell engraftment in vivo

2021

Abstract Background Poor graft function or graft failure after allogeneic stem cell transplantation is an unmet medical need, in which mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) constitute an attractive potential therapeutic approach. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) overexpression in MSC (HIF-MSC) potentiates the angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties of these cells, so we hypothesized that co-transplantation of MSC-HIF with CD34+ human cord blood cells would also enhance hematopoietic stem cell engraftment and function both in vitro and in vivo. Methods Human MSC were obtained from dental pulp. Lentiviral overexpression of HIF-1α was performed transducing cells with pWPI-green fluorescent pr…

Cell therapy of periodontium: from animal to human?

2013

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the soft and hard tissues supporting the teeth, which often leads to tooth loss. Its significant impact on the patient's general health and quality of life point to a need for more effective management of this condition. Existing treatments include scaling/root planning and surgical approaches but their overall effects are relatively modest and restricted in application. The goal of regenerative therapy of periodontal defects is to enhance endogenous progenitors and thus promote optimal wound healing. Considering that the host or tissue might be defective in the periodontitis context, it has been proposed that grafting exogenous stem…

Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Potential Treatment for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in Decompensated Cirrhosis

2022

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a severe and often fatal infection in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. The only cure for SBP is antibiotic therapy, but the emerging problem of bacterial resistance requires novel therapeutic strategies. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hA-MSCs) possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that can be harnessed as a therapy in such a context. Methods: An in vitro applications of hA-MSCs in ascitic fluid (AF) of cirrhotic patients, subsequently infected with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, was performed. We evaluated the effects of hA-MSCs on bacterial load, innate immunity factors, and macr…

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CD276+/HLA-E+ HUMAN SUB-ENDOCARDIAL MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS FROM CHRONIC HEART FAILURE PATIENTS: ANALYSIS OF DIFF…

2012

Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Support the Expansion of Cord Blood–derived CD34+Cells Mimicking a Hematopoietic Niche in a Direct Cell–cel…

2018

Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs) have been recently exploited as a feeder layer in coculture systems to expand umbilical cord blood–hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (UCB-HSPCs). Here, we investigated the role of WJ-MSCs in supporting ex vivo UCB-HSPC expansion either when cultured in direct contact (DC) with WJ-MSCs or separated by a transwell system or in the presence of WJ-MSC–conditioned medium. We found, in short-term culture, a greater degree of expansion of UCB-CD34+cells in a DC system (15.7 ± 4.1-fold increase) with respect to the other conditions. Moreover, in DC, we evidenced two different CD34+cell populations (one floating and one adherent to WJ-MSCs) with …

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Cartilage Regeneration Applications

2022

Chondropathies are increasing worldwide, but effective treatments are currently lacking. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSCs) transplantation represents a promising approach to counteract the degenerative and inflammatory environment characterizing those pathologies, such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Umbilical cord- (UC-) MSCs gained increasing interest due to their multilineage differentiation potential, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties as well as higher proliferation rates, abundant supply along with no risks for the donor compared to adult MSCs. In addition, UC-MSCs are physiologically adapted to survive in an ischemic and nutrient-poor environment a…

Mesenchymal Stromal cells from Wharton's jelly (MSCs): coupling their hidden differentiative program to their frank immunomodulatory phenotype.

2018

No abstract

The Immunomodulatory Features of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Wharton’s Jelly, Amniotic Membrane, and Chorionic Villi In Vitro and In Vivo …

2016

This chapter focuses on the immunomodulatory properties of placental mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from the amniotic membrane, umbilical cord, and chorionic villi. Within the amniotic membrane (AM), we discuss the immunomodulatory properties of the two main cell populations that can be isolated from AM: human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) and human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs). Within the umbilical cord, several compartments have been described, including the amniotic compartment, the Wharton’s jelly (WJ) compartment, and the vascular and perivascular compartment, but herein attention is focused on the properties of human WJ MSCs (hWJMSCs). Since different isol…