Search results for "MILD"
showing 10 items of 193 documents
Toward the Identification of Two Glycoproteins Involved in the Stomatal Deregulation of Downy Mildew–Infected Grapevine Leaves
2015
SPE Pôle IPM UB; International audience; Stomata remain abnormally opened and unresponsive to abscisic acid in grapevine leaves infected by downy mildew. This deregulation occurs from 3 days post inoculation and increases concomitantly with leaf colonization by the pathogen. Using epidermal peels, we demonstrated that the active compound involved in this deregulation is located in the apoplast. Biochemical assays showed that the active compound present in the apoplastic fluids isolated from Plasmopara viticola infected grapevine leaves (IAF) is a CysCys bridge-independent, thermostable and glycosylated protein. Fractionation guided assays based on chromatography / stomatal response and prot…
An endophytic bacillus subtilis strain protects grapevine against downy mildew by direct effect and defense stimulation
2018
National audience; Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, is one of the most devastating grape pathogen. Phytochemicals are generally used to control infections, but the appearance of resistant strains and the concern for possible adverse effects on environment and human health are increasing the search for alternative strategies. Biological control has received a great deal of attention as an alternative and promising measure to control different plant diseases. Many antagonistic microorganisms, including Bacillus spp., have been exploited against different pathogens. Bacillus spp. activity results from multiple modes of action including antibiosis, competition, a…
Volatile organic compounds: a role in elicitor-induced resistance of grapevine against pathogens?
2014
International audience; As Vitis vinifera varieties are susceptible to fungal diseases, numerous chemical treatments are generally required to ensure the quantity and quality of the harvest. However, in the context of sustainable viticulture, there are increasing societal request, political incitation, and winegrowers’ awareness to reduce the use of pesticides. Among possible solutions the use of elicitors that could be included in integrated pest management or biocontrol strategies might be very promising. These bioactive compounds are able to trigger plant defences, leading to induced resistance (IR) against pathogens. Despite IR can be elicited very successfully in controlled environment…
Impact of biostimulants on the resistance induction level of grapevine to downy mildew by elicitors
2018
The protection of vineyards against cryptogamic diseases such as downy mildew is mainly ensured by synthetic fungicides, which cause serious environmental and health problems. The induction of resistance by elicitors could allow to reduce their use. However, even if their efficacy is demonstrated in greenhouse conditions, it remains quite variable in field conditions. Indeed, the efficacy of an elicitor depends on the plant’s ability to respond, or more generally, on the latter’s physiological status. In this context, part of the FUI project IRIS+, the aim of this present work is to evaluate whether biostimulants, through their effect on the plant’s physiology, would be able to increase the…
Does leaf position influence induced resistance to grape downy mildew?
2013
National audience; We observed that protection against grape downy mildew achieved by resistance inducers was higher in the adult leaf than in the younger, not fully expanded leaf. Using sulfated laminarin as inducer, this difference of efficacy could be correlated to stronger defense reactions (i. e. H2O2, defense gene expression) in adult leaf as compared to the younger one. These findings should be taken into account in disease control strategies involving induced resistance.
Impact of environmental factors on grapevine physiology and responsiveness to elicitor-induced resistance against Plasmopara viticola
2012
Sesquiterpenes VOCs are markers of elicitation by sulfated laminarine in grapevine
2016
International audience
Image analysis methods for assessment of H2O2 production and Plasmopara viticola development in grapevine leaves: application to the evaluation of re…
2014
Les biostimulants ont-ils un impact sur la résistance induite par des éliciteurs contre le mildiou de la vigne ?
2017
SPEINRAUBIPM DOCT; La culture de la vigne constitue un intérêt économique majeur, mais la plupart des cépages sont sensibles aux maladies cryptogamiques telles que le mildiou. Protéger les vignobles contre ces maladies requiert souvent des fongicides de synthèse dont certains posent des problèmes environnementaux et sanitaires. Une stratégie potentielle serait d’utiliser des éliciteurs, molécules capables d’activer les réactions de défenses et d’établir un état de résistance face à une future attaque d’agents pathogènes. Cette stratégie est efficace sur des vignes cultivées en serres, mais reste non maîtrisée en conditions extérieures. Notre objectif est donc d’identifier des solutions susc…