Search results for "MINI"

showing 10 items of 14043 documents

Fluorine-Containing Drugs Approved by the FDA in 2018

2019

Over the last two decades, fluorine substitution has become one of the essential structural traits in modern pharmaceuticals. Thus, about half of the most successful drugs (blockbuster drugs) contain fluorine atoms. In this review, we profile 17 fluorine-containing drugs approved by the food and drug administration (FDA) in 2018. The newly approved pharmaceuticals feature several types of aromatic F and CF3 , as well as aliphatic (CF2 ) substitution, offering advances in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, HIV, malarial and smallpox infections.

010405 organic chemistryChemistryUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationOrganic ChemistryHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Fluorine containingGeneral ChemistryPharmacology010402 general chemistrymedicine.disease_causesynthesis:01 natural sciencesCatalysisUnited Statesdrugs0104 chemical sciencesFood and drug administrationfluorinemedicineHumansfluorine; synthesis: drugs
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The effect of bone marrow-derived stem cells associated with platelet-rich plasma on the osseointegration of immediately placed implants

2020

Background Stem cells associated with growth factors have been shown to improve bone healing and the osseointegration of dental implants. A Brazilian miniature pig model was used to evaluate the effect of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) associated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the osseointegration of immediately placed dental implants. Material and methods A total of four male adult miniature pigs were used in this study. BM-MSCs from each pig were isolated from the iliac crest and expanded in vitro. The undifferentiated BM-MSCs were mixed with autologous PRP and implanted in the post-extraction sockets at the experimental sites before implant placement …

010407 polymersMiniature pigbiologyBone densitybusiness.industryResearchDentistry02 engineering and technologyBone healing021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesIliac crestOsseointegration0104 chemical sciencesmedicine.anatomical_structurePlatelet-rich plasmaBiomaterials and Bioengineering in DentistryMedicineImplantBone marrow0210 nano-technologybusinessGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
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A Regional Geography Approach to Understanding the Environmental Changes as a Consequence of the COVID-19 Lockdown in Highly Populated Spanish Cities

2021

Spain has been highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which is reflected at different scales. From an economic point of view, lockdowns and the reduction of activities have damaged the country (e.g., complete lockdown from March 13 to June 21, 2020). However, it is not clear if the associated environmental impacts could be observed in 2020. Currently, studies on the effects of the lockdown (e.g., decrease in economic activities, transport and social communication) on specific parameters related to climate change, such as air temperature or air pollution, due to a drastic decrease in human activities are rare. They are focused on specific cities and short periods of time. Therefore, the m…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAir pollutionClimate change010501 environmental sciencesmedicine.disease_cause01 natural scienceslcsh:Technologylcsh:ChemistryEnvironmental protectionUrban climatemedicineGeneral Materials ScienceInstrumentationAir quality indexlcsh:QH301-705.5climate variations0105 earth and related environmental sciencesFluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesPollutantlcsh:TProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral EngineeringCOVID-19data miningRegional geographylcsh:QC1-999Computer Science ApplicationsGeographylcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040Scale (social sciences)epidemiologyregional geographylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Tourismlcsh:PhysicsApplied Sciences
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Transferring deep learning models for cloud detection between Landsat-8 and Proba-V

2020

Abstract Accurate cloud detection algorithms are mandatory to analyze the large streams of data coming from the different optical Earth observation satellites. Deep learning (DL) based cloud detection schemes provide very accurate cloud detection models. However, training these models for a given sensor requires large datasets of manually labeled samples, which are very costly or even impossible to create when the satellite has not been launched yet. In this work, we present an approach that exploits manually labeled datasets from one satellite to train deep learning models for cloud detection that can be applied (or transferred) to other satellites. We take into account the physical proper…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesExploitComputer sciencebusiness.industryDeep learning0211 other engineering and technologiesCloud detectionCloud computing02 engineering and technologyEarth observation satellitecomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesConvolutional neural networkAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science ApplicationsSatelliteData miningArtificial intelligenceComputers in Earth SciencesbusinessTransfer of learningEngineering (miscellaneous)computer021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
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A giant exoplanet orbiting a very-low-mass star challenges planet formation models

2019

Surveys have shown that super-Earth and Neptune-mass exoplanets are more frequent than gas giants around low-mass stars, as predicted by the core accretion theory of planet formation. We report the discovery of a giant planet around the very-low-mass star GJ 3512, as determined by optical and near-infrared radial-velocity observations. The planet has a minimum mass of 0.46 Jupiter masses, very high for such a small host star, and an eccentric 204-day orbit. Dynamical models show that the high eccentricity is most likely due to planet-planet interactions. We use simulations to demonstrate that the GJ 3512 planetary system challenges generally accepted formation theories, and that it puts con…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesGas giant530 PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesMinimum massAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e AstrofisicaPlanet0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)PhysicsMultidisciplinary520 AstronomyGiant planetAstronomyPlanetary system620 EngineeringAccretion (astrophysics)ExoplanetOrbitAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics13. Climate actionAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsScience
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Channel forms recovery in an ephemeral river after gravel mining (Palancia River, Eastern Spain)

2017

[EN] During the 1970s, the Palancia River was intensively affected by gravel mining instream. This activity completely destroyed the fluvial forms, devastating the original wandering pattern. At the end of the 1980s, gravel mining ceased and the river started a process of recovery, only altered by several clearing operations. The aim of this work is to describe these processes of change, analyzing the river's morphosedimentary conditions through a GIS analysis of aerial photographs previous to, simultaneous with, and subsequent to the intense gravel mining activity. Results explain the current difficulties of some ephemeral rivers to recover their original forms, because of the sediment and…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesHidrologiaFluvial010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesEphemeral riversSedimentsRiver trajectoriesClearing0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesHydrologygeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryLand useEphemeral keySedimentIncisionChannelizedCurrent (stream)Gravel miningLand use changesChannel (geography)GeologyChannel forms
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Planktic foraminiferal changes in the western Mediterranean Anthropocene

2021

The increase in anthropogenic induced warming over the last two centuries is impacting marine environment. Planktic foraminifera are a globally distributed calcifying marine zooplankton responding sensitively to changes in sea surface temperatures and interacting with the food web structure. Here, we study two high resolution multicore records from two western Mediterranean Sea regions (Alboran and Balearic basins), areas highly affected by both natural climate change and anthropogenic warming. Cores cover the time interval from the Medieval Climate Anomaly to present. Reconstructed sea surface temperatures are in good agreement with other results, tracing temperature changes through the Co…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesLast 1500 yearsPopulationClimate change02 engineering and technologyOceanography01 natural sciencesWestern Mediterranean SeaForaminiferaMediterranean seaAtlantic multidecadal oscillation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringeducationAnthropogenic warming0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGlobal and Planetary Changeeducation.field_of_studybiology020206 networking & telecommunicationsLast 1500 yearGlobigerina bulloidesPlanktic foraminiferabiology.organism_classificationOceanographyNorth Atlantic oscillationUpwellingNatural variabilityMarine surface productionGeology
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Hyperspectral dimensionality reduction for biophysical variable statistical retrieval

2017

Abstract Current and upcoming airborne and spaceborne imaging spectrometers lead to vast hyperspectral data streams. This scenario calls for automated and optimized spectral dimensionality reduction techniques to enable fast and efficient hyperspectral data processing, such as inferring vegetation properties. In preparation of next generation biophysical variable retrieval methods applicable to hyperspectral data, we present the evaluation of 11 dimensionality reduction (DR) methods in combination with advanced machine learning regression algorithms (MLRAs) for statistical variable retrieval. Two unique hyperspectral datasets were analyzed on the predictive power of DR + MLRA methods to ret…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMean squared errorComputer science0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeLinear regressionComputers in Earth SciencesEngineering (miscellaneous)Gaussian processHyMap021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesData stream miningbusiness.industryDimensionality reductionHyperspectral imagingPattern recognitionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science ApplicationsKernel (statistics)symbolsData miningArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
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Optimizing Gaussian Process Regression for Image Time Series Gap-Filling and Crop Monitoring

2020

Image processing entered the era of artificial intelligence, and machine learning algorithms emerged as attractive alternatives for time series data processing. Satellite image time series processing enables crop phenology monitoring, such as the calculation of start and end of season. Among the promising algorithms, Gaussian process regression (GPR) proved to be a competitive time series gap-filling algorithm with the advantage of, as developed within a Bayesian framework, providing associated uncertainty estimates. Nevertheless, the processing of time series images becomes computationally inefficient in its standard per-pixel usage, mainly for GPR training rather than the fitting step. To…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMean squared errorComputer science0211 other engineering and technologiesImage processing02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genre01 natural scienceslcsh:AgricultureKrigingTime series021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciences2. Zero hungerHyperparameterPixelSeries (mathematics)lcsh:SGaussian processes regressionSatellite Image Time SeriesData miningtime seriesSentinel-2optimizationAgronomy and Crop Sciencecomputercrop monitoringphenology indicatorsAgronomy
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The geology of Cuba: A brief overview and synthesis

2016

Cuba is the largest island in the Greater Antilles, and its geology records three important episodes: (1) the Jurassic breakup of North and South America (Pangea) and associated passive margin and oceanic sedimentary and magmatic evolution; (2) the sedimentary, magmatic, and metamorphic evolution of an intra-oceanic Cretaceous-Paleogene ophiolite-arc complex; and (3) the Paleogene 'soft collision' and transfer of the NW Caribbean plate (and Cuba) to the North American plate. Thick sequences of Jurassic-Cretaceous strata (conglomerates, sandstones, limestones, dolo­stones, shales) and interlayered basaltic rocks characterize passive margin sequences preserved in the Guaniguanico terrane (wes…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMining engineeringLibrary scienceCubaGeology010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesGeologiaGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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