Search results for "ML"
showing 10 items of 1465 documents
A Musical Pattern Discovery System Founded on a Modeling of Listening Strategies
2004
Music is a domain of expression that conveys a paramount degree of complexity. The musical surface, composed of a multitude of notes, results from the elaboration of numerous structures of different types and sizes. The composer constructs this structural complexity in a more or less explicit way. The listener, faced by such a complex phenomenon, is able to reconstruct only a limited part of it, mostly in a non-explicit way. One particular aim of music analysis is to objectify such complexity, thus offering to the listener a tool for enriching the appreciation of music (Lartillot and SaintJames, 2004). The trouble is, traditional musical analysis, although offering a valuable understanding …
The ten grand challenges of synthetic life
2011
The construction of artificial life is one of the main scientific challenges of the Synthetic Biology era. Advances in DNA synthesis and a better understanding of regulatory processes make the goal of constructing the first artificial cell a realistic possibility. This would be both a fundamental scientific milestone and a starting point of a vast range of applications, from biofuel production to drug design. However, several major issues might hamper the objective of achieving an artificial cell. From the bottom-up to the selection-based strategies, this work encompasses the ten grand challenges synthetic biologists will have to be aware of in order to cope with the task of creating life i…
Tracking Hands in Interaction with Objects: A Review
2017
Markerless vision-based 3D hand motion tracking is a key and popular component for interaction studies in many domains such as virtual reality and natural human-computer interfaces. While this research field has been well studied in the last decades, most approaches have considered the human hand in isolation and not in action or in interaction with the environment or the other articulated human body parts. Employing contextual information about the surrounding environment (e.g. the shape, the texture, and the posture of the object in the hand) can remarkably constrain the tracking problem. The goal of this survey is to develop an up-to-date taxonomy of existing vision-based hand tracking m…
Feature selection with Ant Colony Optimization and its applications for pattern recognition in space imagery
2016
This paper presents a feature selection (FS) algorithm using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). It is inspired by the particular behavior of real ants, namely by the fact that they are capable of finding the shortest path between a food source and the nest. There are considered two ACO-FS model applications for pattern recognition in remote sensing imagery: ACO Band Selection (ACO-BS) and ACO Training Label Purification (ACO-TLP). The ACO-BS reduces dimensionality of an input multispectral image data by selecting the “best” subset of bands to accomplish the classification task. The ACO-TLP selects the most informative training samples from a given set of labeled vectors in order to optimize the…
Adding Domain Analysis to Software Development Method
2002
The researchers in the field of software development regard the reuse of components as one possible approach when creating quality software in less time and with fewer people. When components are used and created in the software development, one critical success factor is the use of domain analysis (DA). We report an action case study where the DA technique is first integrated into an existing software development method and then refined based on the experience of using it in a pilot project. The results indicate that our approach produces reusable components across a company-wide domain and eases the use of them in other development projects within domain.
Analysis of ventricular fibrillation signals using feature selection methods
2012
Feature selection methods in machine learning models are a powerful tool to knowledge extraction. In this work they are used to analyse the intrinsic modifications of cardiac response during ventricular fibrillation due to physical exercise. The data used are two sets of registers from isolated rabbit hearts: control (G1: without physical training), and trained (G2). Four parameters were extracted (dominant frequency, normalized energy, regularity index and number of occurrences). From them, 18 features were extracted. This work analyses the relevance of each feature to classify the records in G1 and G2 using Logistic Regression, Multilayer Perceptron and Extreme Learning Machine. Three fea…
Classification Similarity Learning Using Feature-Based and Distance-Based Representations: A Comparative Study
2015
Automatically measuring the similarity between a pair of objects is a common and important task in the machine learning and pattern recognition fields. Being an object of study for decades, it has lately received an increasing interest from the scientific community. Usually, the proposed solutions have used either a feature-based or a distance-based representation to perform learning and classification tasks. This article presents the results of a comparative experimental study between these two approaches for computing similarity scores using a classification-based method. In particular, we use the Support Vector Machine as a flexible combiner both for a high dimensional feature space and …
A one class KNN for signal identification: a biological case study
2009
The paper describes an application of a one class KNN to identify different signal patterns embedded in a noise structured background. The problem becomes harder whenever only one pattern is well-represented in the signal; in such cases, one class classifier techniques are more indicated. The classification phase is applied after a preprocessing phase based on a multi layer model (MLM) that provides preliminary signal segmentation in an interval feature space. The one class KNN has been tested on synthetic and real (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) microarray data in the specific problem of DNA nucleosome and linker regions identification. Results have shown, in both cases, a good recognition rate.
Applying Wavelet Packet Decomposition and One-Class Support Vector Machine on Vehicle Acceleration Traces for Road Anomaly Detection
2013
Road condition monitoring through real-time intelligent systems has become more and more significant due to heavy road transportation. Road conditions can be roughly divided into normal and anomaly segments. The number of former should be much larger than the latter for a useable road. Based on the nature of road condition monitoring, anomaly detection is applied, especially for pothole detection in this study, using accelerometer data of a riding car. Accelerometer data were first labeled and segmented, after which features were extracted by wavelet packet decomposition. A classification model was built using one-class support vector machine. For the classifier, the data of some normal seg…
Galaxy-SynBioCAD: Synthetic Biology Design Automation tools in Galaxy workflows
2020
AbstractMany computer-aided design tools are available for synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. Yet, these tools can be difficult to apprehend, sometimes requiring a level of expertise that limits their use by a wider community. Furthermore, some of the tools, although complementary, rely on different input and output formats and cannot communicate with one another. Scientific workflows address these shortcomings while offering a novel design strategy. Among the workflow systems available, Galaxy is a web-based platform for performing findable and accessible data analyses for all scientists regardless of their informatics expertise, along with interoperable and reproducible computat…