Search results for "MOBILITY"

showing 10 items of 922 documents

Impedance of space-charge-limited currents in organic light-emitting diodes with double injection and strong recombination

2006

The impedance model for a one-carrier space-charge-limited (SCL) current has been applied to explain some experimental features of double carrier organic light-emitting diodes. We report the analytical model of impedance of bipolar drift transport in SCL regime in the limit of infinite recombination. In this limit the ac impedance function is identical to that of a single carrier device, with a transit time modified by the sum of mobilities for electrons and holes, μn+μp. The static capacitance C(ω→0) is a factor of ¾ lower than the geometric capacitance, as observed for single carrier devices, but it is shifted to higher frequencies. It follows that impedance measurements in the dual-carri…

Electron mobilityElectric impedanceOrganic light emitting diodes ; Space charge ; Space-charge-limited conduction ; Electron-hole recombination ; Electric impedance ; Electron mobility ; Hole mobility ; CapacitanceCapacitanceGeneral Physics and AstronomyHole mobilityElectronOrganic light emitting diodesCapacitanceSpace charge:FÍSICA [UNESCO]OLEDElectrical impedanceDiodePhysicsElectron mobilitySpace-charge-limited conductionbusiness.industryUNESCO::FÍSICASpace chargeElectron-hole recombinationPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsOptoelectronicsAtomic physicsbusinessRecombinationJournal of Applied Physics
researchProduct

Strongly-coupled PbS QD solids by doctor blading for IR photodetection

2016

Solution-processed QD solids are emerging as a novel concept for high-performance optoelectronic devices. In this work, doctor blading is proposed for the fabrication of strongly-coupled QD solids from a PbS nanoink for photodetection at telecom wavelengths. The key step of this procedure is the solid-state ligand exchange, which reduces the interparticle distance and increases the carrier mobility in the resulting strongly-coupled QD solid. This is accomplished by replacing the original long oleylamine molecules by shorter molecules like 3-mercaptopropionic acid, as confirmed by FTIR, TGA and XPS. Further, a detailed investigation with XPS confirms the air-stability of the QD solids and th…

Electron mobilityFabricationGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryPhotodetection010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesActive layerchemistry.chemical_compoundResponsivitychemistryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyOleylamineQuantum efficiency0210 nano-technologyRSC Advances
researchProduct

Tin-related double acceptors in gallium selenide single crystals

1998

Gallium selenide single crystals doped with different amounts of tin are studied through resistivity and Hall effect measurements in the temperature range from 30 to 700 K. At low doping concentration tin is shown to behave as a double acceptor impurity in gallium selenide with ionization energies of 155 and 310 meV. At higher doping concentration tin also introduces deep donor levels, but the material remains p-type in the whole studied range of tin doping concentrations. The deep character of donors in gallium selenide is discussed by comparison of its conduction band structure to that of indium selenide under pressure. The double acceptor center is proposed to be a tin atom in interlayer…

Electron mobilityHole MobilityAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyDeep LevelsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compound:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Condensed Matter::SuperconductivitySelenideNuclear ExperimentConduction BandsGallium Compounds ; III-VI Semiconductors ; Tin ; Impurity States ; Deep Levels ; Electrical Resistivity ; Hall Effect ; Hole Mobility ; Conduction BandsImpurity StatesElectrical ResistivityHall EffectIII-VI SemiconductorsPhonon scatteringCarrier scatteringDopingUNESCO::FÍSICAAcceptorchemistryTinGallium CompoundsTinIndiumJournal of Applied Physics
researchProduct

High‐temperature behavior of impurities and dimensionality of the charge transport in unintentionally and tin‐doped indium selenide

1993

A systematic study of the electron transport and shallow impurity distribution in indium selenide above room temperature or after an annealing process is reported by means of far‐infrared‐absorption and Hall‐effect measurements. Evidences are found for the existence of a large concentration of deep levels (1012–1013 cm−2), related to impurities adsorbed to stacking faults in this material. Above room temperature impurities can migrate from those defect zones and then become shallow in the bulk. The subsequent large increase of 3D electrons can change the dimensionality of the electron transport, which in most cases was 2D. The temperature dependence of the resistivity parallel to the c axis…

Electron mobilityInfrared SpectraAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementAnnealingchemistry.chemical_compound:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Hall effectImpurityElectrical resistivity and conductivityTin AdditionsSelenideDoped MaterialsIndium SelenidesHall EffectCondensed matter physicsTemperature DependenceDopingUNESCO::FÍSICAElectric ConductivityIndium Selenides ; Tin Additions ; Impurities ; Annealing ; Electric Conductivity ; Infrared Spectra ; Hall Effect ; Deep Energy Levels ; Temperature Dependence ; Doped MaterialsDeep Energy LevelschemistryIndiumImpuritiesJournal of Applied Physics
researchProduct

Revealing the Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of CuFeO2 as a p-Type Oxide Semiconductor

2021

Delafossite CuFeO2 is a p-type oxide semiconductor with a band gap of ∼1.5 eV, which has attracted great interests for applications in solar energy harvesting and oxide electronics. However, there are still some discrepancies in the literature regarding its fundamental electronic structure and transport properties. In this paper, we use a synergistic combination of resonant photoemission spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy to directly study the electronic structure of well-defined CuFeO2 epitaxial thin films. Our detailed study reveals that CuFeO2 has an indirect and d-d forbidden band gap of 1.5 eV. The top of the valence band (VB) of CuFeO2 mainly consists of occupied Fe 3d sta…

Electron mobilityMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicsBand gapPhotoemission spectroscopyDopingFermi level02 engineering and technologyElectronic structureengineering.material010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences7. Clean energy0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDelafossitesymbols.namesakeMaterials ChemistryElectrochemistryengineeringsymbols0210 nano-technologyACS Applied Electronic Materials
researchProduct

Cathodoluminescence study of undoped GaN films: Experiment and calculation

2009

Abstract In this paper, we report the theoretical and experimental results of cathodoluminescence (CL) from GaN layers grown at 800 °C by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) on silicon substrate. The CL spectra recorded at room temperature reveal the near band-edge emission at 3.35–3.42 eV and a broad yellow luminescence at 2.2 eV. The CL depth analysis at constant power excitation shows inhomogeneous CL distribution in depth of these emissions as the electron beam increases from 3 to 25 keV. There appears a blue shift of the CL band-edge peaks with increasing sample depth. This behavior is explained by a change of the fundamental band gap due to residual strain and the local temperat…

Electron mobilityMaterials scienceBand gapCathodoluminescenceGallium nitrideCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBlueshiftCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxyAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LuminescencePhysica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures
researchProduct

Influence of Compensating Defect Formation on the Doping Efficiency and Thermoelectric Properties of Cu2-ySe1–xBrx

2015

The superionic conductor Cu_(2−δ)Se has been shown to be a promising thermoelectric at higher temperatures because of very low lattice thermal conductivities, attributed to the liquid-like mobility of copper ions in the superionic phase. In this work, we present the potential of copper selenide to achieve a high figure of merit at room temperature, if the intrinsically high hole carrier concentration can be reduced. Using bromine as a dopant, we show that reducing the charge carrier concentration in Cu_(2−δ)Se is in fact possible. Furthermore, we provide profound insight into the complex defect chemistry of bromine doped Cu_(2−δ)Se via various analytical methods and investigate the conseque…

Electron mobilityMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsDopantGeneral Chemical EngineeringFermi levelDopingGeneral ChemistryThermoelectric materialssymbols.namesakeVacancy defectThermoelectric effectMaterials ChemistrysymbolsCharge carrierChemistry of Materials
researchProduct

Trapping of three-dimensional electrons and transition to two-dimensional transport in the three-dimensional topological insulator Bi2Se3under high p…

2012

This paper reports an experimental and theoretical investigation on the electronic structure of bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) up to 9 GPa. The optical gap of Bi2Se3 increases from 0.17 eV at ambient pressure to 0.45 eV at 8 GPa. The quenching of the Burstein-Moss effect in degenerate samples and the shift of the free-carrier plasma frequency to lower energies reveal a quick decrease of the bulk three-dimensional (3D) electron concentration under pressure. On increasing pressure the behavior of Hall electron concentration and mobility depends on the sample thickness, consistently with a gradual transition from mainly 3D transport at ambient pressure to mainly two-dimensional (2D) transport at hi…

Electron mobilityMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryElectronic structureElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsDiamond anvil cellElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundSemiconductorchemistryTopological insulatorBismuth selenidebusinessAmbient pressurePhysical Review B
researchProduct

Thermoelectric properties of Zn-doped Ca_(3)AlSb_(3)

2012

Polycrystalline samples of Ca_(3)Al_(1)−_(x)Zn_(x)Sb_(3), with x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05 were synthesized via a combined ball milling and hot pressing technique and the influence of zinc as a dopant on the thermoelectric properties was studied and compared to the previously reported transport properties of sodium-doped Ca_(3)AlSb_(3). Consistent with the transport in the sodium-doped material, substitution of aluminum with zinc leads to p-type carrier conduction that can be sufficiently explained with a single parabolic band model. It is found that, while exhibiting higher carrier mobilities, the doping effectiveness of zinc is lower than that of sodium and the optimum carrier concentr…

Electron mobilityMaterials scienceDopantDopingAnalytical chemistryMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryZincHot pressingGrain sizechemistryThermoelectric effectMaterials ChemistryFigure of merit
researchProduct

Solvent-mediated assembly of atom-precise gold–silver nanoclusters to semiconducting one-dimensional materials

2020

Bottom-up design of functional device components based on nanometer-sized building blocks relies on accurate control of their self-assembly behavior. Atom-precise metal nanoclusters are well-characterizable building blocks for designing tunable nanomaterials, but it has been challenging to achieve directed assembly to macroscopic functional cluster-based materials with highly anisotropic properties. Here, we discover a solvent-mediated assembly of 34-atom intermetallic gold–silver clusters protected by 20 1-ethynyladamantanes into 1D polymers with Ag–Au–Ag bonds between neighboring clusters as shown directly by the atomic structure from single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Density fun…

Electron mobilityMaterials scienceElectronic properties and materialsBand gapSciencenanomateriaalitGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticleNanomaterialsNanoclustersnanorakenteetpuolijohteetAtomCluster (physics)electronic properties and materialslcsh:Sciencechemistry.chemical_classificationMultidisciplinaryNanowiresQGeneral ChemistryPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesnanowireschemistryNanoparticlesnanoparticlesDensity functional theorylcsh:Q0210 nano-technologyNature Communications
researchProduct