Search results for "MOTOR SKILLS"

Motor imagery and action observation following immobilization-induced hypoactivity: A narrative review.

2020

Abstract Background In sports, the risk of pathology or event that leads to an injury, a cessation of practice or even to an immobilization is high. The subsequent reduction of physical activity, or hypoactivity, induces neural and muscular changes that adversely affect motor skills and functional motor rehabilitation. Because the implementation of physical practice is difficult, if not impossible, during and immediately following injury or immobilization, complementary techniques have been proposed to minimize the deleterious impact of hypoactivity on neuromuscular function. Objective The current narrative review aimed to discuss the contributions of motor imagery and action observation, w…

Meta-analysis of the efficacy of different training strategies in animal models of ischemic stroke.

2013

Background and Purpose— Although several studies have shown beneficial effects of training in animal stroke models, the most effective training strategy and the optimal time to initiate training have not been identified. The present meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of different training strategies and to determine the optimal time window for training in animal stroke models. Methods— We searched the literature for studies analyzing the efficacy of training in animal models of ischemic stroke. Training was categorized into forced physical training, voluntary physical training, constraint-induced movement therapy, and skilled reaching training. Two reviewers independently …

Directly Observed Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skills in Four-Year-Old Children in Day Care

2016

Physical activity (PA), its location, social interactions and fundamental motor skills (FMS) were investigated in four-year-old Finnish children in day care. Six skills in the stability, locomotor and manipulative domains were assessed in 53 children (24 boys, 29 girls, normal anthropometry) with the APM-Inventory manual for assessing children’s perceptual and FMS and Total Motor Scores (TMS; 0–6 points) calculated. PA intensity, location, group composition and activity type − sitting, squatting, kneeling − were directly observed with a modified version of the Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children – Preschool Version (OSRAC – P) during three consecutive days in 14…

Repetition without Repetition or Differential Learning of Multiple Techniques in Volleyball?

2021

A variety of approaches have been proposed for teaching several volleyball techniques to beginners, ranging from general ball familiarization to model-oriented repetition to highly variable learning. This study compared the effects of acquiring three volleyball techniques in parallel with three approaches. Female secondary school students (N = 42

Minivolley and motor skills: an exeperimental study

2008

Fundamental movement skills and weight status in children: A systematic review

2017

Background Obesity has become a major health challenge in children. Fundamental movement skills (FMS) are suggested to have an important role for being physically active and decreasing the risk of obesity. This systematic review aimed to give an overview of studies providing evidence for a relationship between FMS and the weight status in children. Material/Methods A systematic search of five electronic databases (MEDLINE (PubMed), SportDiscus, ERIC, PsycInfo and SCOPUS) was conducted in January 2015. Studies examining associations between FMS and weight status in children aged 3–12 years were included. Results The final sample included 12 cross-sectional studies. Seven studies found statis…

Motor Coordination and Global Development in Subjects with Down Syndrome: The Influence of Physical Activity

2022

Background: Many research studies have investigated motor impairments and delayed development in children with Down Syndrome (DS). However, very few studies detected these features in adults with DS. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between motor coordination and global development in subjects with DS, including adults. Furthermore, the second aim was to detect any differences in motor coordination and global development as a function of the practice of physical activity (PA) in this population. Methods: Twenty-five participants with DS (10 f, 15 m), with a chronological mean age of 27.24 years and development mean age of cognitive area of 4.93 years, were enrolled an…

Edukacja techniczna wsparciem rozwoju małej motoryki uczniów w młodszym wieku szkolnym

2018

Sprawność manualna dziecka rozwija się w toku różnorodnych ćwiczeń i zadań ruchowych usprawniających pracę mięśni drobnych oraz koordynację oka i ręki. Od tego, jaki poziom osiągnie dziecko w tym zakresie, zależy, między innymi, przebieg procesu nauki pisania oraz wykonania wszelkich prac manualnych, jednym z zadań edukacji technicznej w przedszkolu, a także w kształceniu wczesnoszkolnym jest rozwijanie motoryki niezbędnej do prawidłowego funkcjonowania dziecka w szkole i w życiu. Proces dochodzenia do biegłości w wykonywaniu precyzyjnych ruchów jest długotrwały i uwarunkowany zarówno cechami indywidualnymi, jak też przebiegiem i intensywnością ćwiczeń w tym zakresie. Przedmiotem poniższego…

Fundamental movement skill proficiency and body composition measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in eight-year-old children

2014

Objective: The main aim was to examine the association between fundamental movement skills (FMS) and objectively measured body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods: Study of 304 eight-year-old children in Finland. FMS were assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development, 2nd ed. (TGMD-2). Total body fat percentage (BF%), abdominal region fat percentage (AF%), and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed by DXA. Waist circumference, height and weight were measured and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-off values for BMI were used for the definition of healthy weight and overweight/obesity. Results: Better FMS proficiency (object-control, locomotor, total FMS…

Mediating effects of motor performance, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour on the associations of adiposity and ot…

2018

We investigated the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors with academic achievement and whether motor performance, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, or sedentary behaviour mediated these associations. Altogether 175 children 6-8 years-of-age participated in the study. We assessed body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference, insulin, glucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, leptin, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Reading fluency, reading comprehension, and arithmetic skills were assessed using standardized tests. Speed/agility, balance, and manual dexterity test results were used to calculate moto…