Search results for "MR"

showing 10 items of 3001 documents

Brain Mapping-Aided SupraTotal Resection (SpTR) of Brain Tumors: The Role of Brain Connectivity

2021

Brain gliomas require a deep knowledge of their effects on brain connectivity. Understanding the complex relationship between tumor and functional brain is the preliminary and fundamental step for the subsequent surgery. The extent of resection (EOR) is an independent variable of surgical effectiveness and it correlates with the overall survival. Until now, great efforts have been made to achieve gross total resection (GTR) as the standard of care of brain tumor patients. However, high and low-grade gliomas have an infiltrative behavior and peritumoral white matter is often infiltrated by tumoral cells. According to these evidences, many efforts have been made to push the boundary of the re…

Cancer ResearchConnectomicsmedicine.medical_specialtyMini Reviewlow-grade gliomasBrain tumorbrain connectomelcsh:RC254-282Brain mappingResectionLesionWhite matterNeuroimagingmedicineBrain connectome Supratotal resection Brain mapping Brain tumor Connectomics Extent of resection High-grade gliomas Low-grade GliomasconnectomicsBrain GliomaSettore MED/27 - Neurochirurgiabusiness.industryAstrocytomalcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensmedicine.diseaseextent of resectionmedicine.anatomical_structureOncologySuprtotal resectionbrain mappingRadiologymedicine.symptomsupratotal resectionbusinesshigh-grade gliomasbrain tumorMRI
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Regulation of human inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by an upstream open reading frame.

2019

Abstract The human inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene contains an upstream open reading frame (uORF) in its 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) implying a translational regulation of iNOS expression. Transfection experiments in human DLD-1 cells revealed that the uORF although translatable seems not to inhibit the translation start at the bona fide ATG. Our data clearly show that human iNOS translation is cap-dependent and that the 5′-UTR of the iNOS mRNA contains no internal ribosome entry site. Translation of the bona fide coding sequence is most likely mediated by a leaky scanning mechanism. The 5′-UTR is encoded by exon 1 and exon 2 of the iNOS gene with the uORF stop codon located…

Cancer ResearchFive prime untranslated regionPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryDown-RegulationNitric Oxide Synthase Type IILeaky scanningBiochemistryExonOpen Reading FramesCell Line TumorUpstream open reading frameTranslational regulationCoding regionHumansAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceChemistryIntronExonsIntronsCell biologyNonsense Mediated mRNA DecayInternal ribosome entry siteGene Expression RegulationMutationTrans-ActivatorsRNA HelicasesNitric oxide : biology and chemistry
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Accurate classification of childhood brain tumours by in vivo H-1 MRS - A multi-centre study

2013

Aims: To evaluate the accuracy of single-voxel Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) as a non-invasive diagnostic aid for pediatric brain tumours in a multi-national study. Our hypotheses are (1) that automated classification based on 1H-MRS provides an accurate non-invasive diagnosis in multi-centre datasets and (2) using a protocol which increases the metabolite information improves the diagnostic accuracy. Methods: 78 patients under 16 years old with histologically proven brain tumours from 10 international centres were investigated. Discrimination of 29 medulloblastomas, 11 ependymomas and 38 pilocytic astrocytomas was evaluated. Single-voxel MRS was undertaken prior to diagnosis (1.…

Cancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyClinical assessmentPilocytic AstrocytomasDiagnostic accuracyDiagnostic aidIn vivo1H MRSPattern recognitionNon-invasive diagnosismedicineMulti centrePre-surgery diagnosis assessmentbusiness.industryEcho timeLinear discriminant analysisClassificationTranslational research Tissue engineering and pathology [ONCOL 3]Multi-centre studyOncologyFISICA APLICADAFeature extractionPaediatric brain tumoursStimulated echoNuclear medicinebusinessEuropean Journal of Cancer
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Intestinal epithelial HuR modulates distinct pathways of proliferation and apoptosis and attenuates small intestinal and colonic tumor development.

2014

Abstract HuR is a ubiquitous nucleocytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that exerts pleiotropic effects on cell growth and tumorigenesis. In this study, we explored the impact of conditional, tissue-specific genetic deletion of HuR on intestinal growth and tumorigenesis in mice. Mice lacking intestinal expression of HuR (Hur IKO mice) displayed reduced levels of cell proliferation in the small intestine and increased sensitivity to doxorubicin-induced acute intestinal injury, as evidenced by decreased villus height and a compensatory shift in proliferating cells. In the context of Apcmin/+ mice, a transgenic model of intestinal tumorigenesis, intestinal deletion of the HuR gene caused a three-fo…

Cancer ResearchPost-translational regulationRNA-binding proteinContext (language use)ApoptosisCell Growth ProcessesBiologymedicine.disease_causeArticleAU-rich RNAMiceGene expressionIntestinal NeoplasmsmedicineAnimalsmRNA stabilityIntestinal MucosaMice KnockoutCell growthMolecular biologyPhenotypeProtein-RNA interactionSmall intestineDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyELAV ProteinsApoptosisColonic NeoplasmsCancer researchCarcinogenesis
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Refining sorafenib therapy: lessons from clinical practice

2015

ABSTRACT  Understanding the best use of sorafenib is essential in order to maximize clinical benefit in hepatocellular carcinoma. Based on Phase III and noninterventional study data, as well as our extensive experience, we discuss dose modification in order to manage adverse events, disease response evaluation and how to maximize treatment benefit. Sorafenib should be initiated at the approved dose (400 mg twice daily) and reduced/interrupted as appropriate in order to manage adverse events. Dose modification should be considered before discontinuation. Appropriate tumor response assessment is critical. Focusing on radiologic response may result in premature sorafenib discontinuation; symp…

Cancer ResearchSettore SECS-P/06 - Economia ApplicataAntineoplastic AgentAge FactorChild–Pugh Bpostprogression treatmentresponse assessmentdose modificationClinical Trials as TopicLiver Neoplasmsadverse event managementAge FactorsChild-Pugh Bpostprogression treatmenthepatocellular carcinomaGeneral MedicinePrognosisadverse event management; child–Pugh B; dose modification; elderly hepatocellular carcinoma; mRECIST; postprogression treatment; eal-world data; response assessment; sorafenibelderly hepatocellular carcinomaCombined Modality Therapychild–Pugh BClinical PracticeTreatment OutcomeOncologyLiver Neoplasmeal-world dataHepatocellular carcinomaadverse event managementRetreatmentDisease Progressiondose modificationHumanmedicine.drugPhenylurea CompoundNiacinamideSorafenibmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularDisease ResponsePrognosielderly hepatocellular carcinomaProtein Kinase InhibitorAntineoplastic AgentsmRECISTelderlymRECISTAdverse event management Child–Pugh B dose modification elderly hepatocellular carcinoma mRECIST postprogression treatment real-world data response assessment sorafenibmedicineChild–Pugh BHumansCombined Modality TherapyIntensive care medicineAdverse effectProtein Kinase InhibitorsDose Modificationreal-world databusiness.industryPhenylurea Compoundsmedicine.diseaseDiscontinuationSurgeryreal-world dataresponse assessmentsorafenibbusinessFuture Oncology
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Impact of Different Selection Approaches for Identifying Lynch Syndrome-Related Colorectal Cancer Patients: Unity Is Strength

2022

Lynch syndrome (LS) is an inherited genetic condition associated with increased predisposition to colorectal cancer (CRC) and other tumors and is caused by germline mutations in Mismatch Repair (MMR) or EPCAM genes. The identification of LS carriers is currently based on germline testing of subjects with MMR-deficient (dMMR) tumors or fulfilling clinical criteria, but the most efficient strategies to select patients who should be offered genetic testing are yet not well defined. In order to assess the most suitable selection mode to identify LS-related CRC patients, we retrospectively collected and analyzed all clinical and molecular information of 854 CRC patients, recruited from 2013 to 2…

Cancer Researchmismatch repair genesSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaMMR-deficiency[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]MLH1Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogenscolorectal cancerdigestive system diseasesMSH2Lynch syndromeOncologygermline mutationsmicrosatellite instabilityRC254-282Frontiers in Oncology
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A phase Ib/II study of HER3-targeting lumretuzumab in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line treatment in patients with advanced o…

2019

Purpose This study investigated the safety and clinical activity of lumretuzumab, a humanised antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) monoclonal antibody, in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in first-line treatment of patients with squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC). HER3 ligand heregulin and HER3 protein expression were evaluated as potential biomarkers of clinical activity. Patients and methods This open-label, phase Ib/II study enrolled patients receiving lumretuzumab at 800 mg (flat) in combination with carboplatin (area under the curve (AUC) 6 mg/mL×min) and paclitaxel (200 mg/m 2) administered intravenously on a every 3-week schedule. Adverse event (A…

Cancer Researchnon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)phase ilcsh:RC254-282chemistry.chemical_compoundErbB3heregulinMedicineERBB3Epidermal growth factor receptor1506squamousOriginal Researchbiologybusiness.industryArea under the curveLumretuzumabmedicine.diseaselcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensCarboplatinnon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)OncologychemistryPaclitaxelhuman epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3)Cancer researchbiology.proteinNeuregulinbiomarkerbusinessESMO open
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1H, 13C and 15N NMR spectral characterization of twenty-seven 1,2-diaryl-(4E)-arylidene-2-imidazolin-5-ones.

2006

1H, 13C and 15N NMR chemical shifts and couplings nJ(H,C) in DMSO-d6 at 30 °C have been determined for 1,2-diaryl-(4E)-arylidene-2-imidazolin-5-one derivatives 1–27. Their chemical shift assignments are based on PFG DQF 1H,1H COSY, PFG 1H,13C HMQC as well as PFG 1H,13C and 1H,15N HMBC experiments. For compounds 1–10 including aryl fluorine substituent(s) also the couplings nJ(F,C) (n = 1 − 4) are reported. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Carbon IsotopesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMolecular StructureNitrogen IsotopesStereochemistryArylChemical shiftSubstituentchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCarbon-13 NMRchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryProton NMRFluorineGeneral Materials ScienceImidazolinesHydrogenMagnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC
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Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of clerodane diterpenoids of Salvia splendens.

2006

Unambiguous and complete assignments of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts for five clerodane diterpenes, four of them isolated from Salvia splendens (salviarin, splendidin and splenolides A and B) and one obtained by acetylation of splenolide A, are presented. The assignments are based on 2D shift-correlated [1H,1H–COSY, 1H,13C-gHSQC–1J(C,H) and 1H,13C-gHMBC-nJ(C,H) (n = 2 and 3)] and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) experiments. The conformation of the rings of these compounds is supported by the 3J(H,H) values and NOE results. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Carbon IsotopesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopybiologyStereochemistryChemistryChemical shiftAcetylationGeneral ChemistryNuclear Overhauser effectCarbon-13 NMRSalviabiology.organism_classificationDiterpenes ClerodaneUnambiguous and complete assignments of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts for five clerodane diterpenes four of them isolated from Salvia splendens (salviarin splendidin and splenolides A and B) and one obtained by acetylation of splenolide A are presented. The assignments are based on 2D shiftcorrelated [1H1H–COSY 1H13C-gHSQC–1J(CH) and 1H13C-gHMBC-nJ(CH) (n = 2 and 3)] and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) experiments. The conformation of the rings of these compounds is supported by the 3J(HH) values and NOE results. Copyright  2006 John Wiley & Sons LtdClerodane DiterpenesProton NMRGeneral Materials ScienceSalviaHydrogenMagnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC
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DFT calculation of 1J(119Sn,13C) and 2J(119Sn,1H) coupling constants in di- and trimethyltin(IV) compounds

2008

We have tested several computational protocols, at the nonrelativistic DFT level of theory, for the calculation of 1J(119Sn, 13C) and 2J(119Sn, 1H) spin-spin coupling constants in di- and trimethyltin(IV) derivatives with various ligands. Quite a good agreement with experimental data has been found with several hybrid functionals and a double-zeta basis set for a set of molecules comprising tetra-, penta-, and hexa-coordinated tin(IV). Then, some of the protocols have been applied to the calculation of the 2J(119Sn, 1H) of the aquodimethyltin(IV) ion and dimethyltin(IV) complex with D-ribonic acid and to the calculation of 1J(119Sn, 13C) and 2J(119Sn, 1H) of the dimethyltin(IV)-glycylglycin…

Carbon Isotopes; Dipeptides; Glycylglycine; Hydrogen; Organotin Compounds; Solvents; Tin; Trimethyltin Compounds; Water; Quantum Theorychemistry.chemical_elementInorganic ChemistryOrganotin(IV) DFT NMR relativistic effects tin couplingsComputational chemistryOrganotin CompoundsMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBasis setCoupling constantCarbon IsotopesNMR tin derivatives coupling constantsTrimethyltin CompoundsbiologyGlycylglycineWaterDipeptidesbiology.organism_classificationHybrid functionalSolventchemistryTinSolventsQuantum TheoryTetraSolvent effectsTinHydrogen
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