Search results for "MRI."

showing 10 items of 591 documents

Handbook of Memristor Networks

2019

State-dependent Ohm's lawComputationTwo-terminal deviceElectronic componentMemristor Networks
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Noise-induced resistive switching in a memristor based on ZrO2(Y)/Ta2O5 stack

2019

Resistive switching (RS) is studied in a memristor based on a ZrO2(Y)/Ta2O5 stack under a white Gaussian noise voltage signal. We have found that the memristor switches between the low resistance state and the high resistance state in a random telegraphic signal (RTS) mode. The effective potential profile of the memristor shows from two to three local minima and depends on the input noise parameters and the memristor operation. These observations indicate the multiplicative character of the noise on the dynamical behavior of the memristor, that is the noise perceived by the memristor depends on the state of the system and its electrical properties are influenced by the noise signal. The det…

Statistics and ProbabilityMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNoise inducedStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMemristorStochastic particle dynamicslaw.inventionDiffusionStack (abstract data type)lawResistive switchingOptoelectronicsFluctuation phenomenaStatistics Probability and UncertaintyBrownian motionbusiness
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Nonstationary distributions and relaxation times in a stochastic model of memristor

2020

We propose a stochastic model for a memristive system by generalizing known approaches and experimental results. We validate our theoretical model by experiments carried out on a memristive device based on multilayer structure. In the framework of the proposed model we obtain the exact analytic expressions for stationary and nonstationary solutions. We analyze the equilibrium and non-equilibrium steady-state distributions of the internal state variable of the memristive system and study the influence of fluctuations on the resistive switching, including the relaxation time to the steady-state. The relaxation time shows a nonmonotonic dependence, with a minimum, on the intensity of the fluct…

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsdefectexact resultStochastic modellingdiffusionStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMemristorlaw.inventionExact resultslawRelaxation (physics)Statistical physicsBrownian motionexact resultsStatistics Probability and UncertaintyDiffusion (business)Brownian motionJournal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment
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Anomalous diffusion and nonlinear relaxation phenomena in stochastic models of interdisciplinary physics

2020

The study of nonlinear dynamical systems in the presence of both Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise sources is the topic of this research work. In particular, after shortly present new theoretical results for statistical characteristics in the framework of Markovian theory, we analyse four different physical systems in the presence of Levy noise source. (a) The residence time problem of a particle subject to a non-Gaussian noise source in arbitrary potential profile was analyzed and the exact analytical results for the statistical characteristics of the residence time for anomalous diffusion in the form of Levy flights in fully unstable potential profile was obtained. Noise enhanced stability …

Steady-state probability density function (PDF)Settore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciIdeal Chua memristorMemory devicesAnomalous diffusionLevy flightsBarrier crossing eventCorrelation time
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Synthetic strategy for preparation of a folate corrole DOTA heterobimetallic Cu–Gd complex as a potential bimodal contrast agent in medical imaging

2015

Abstract An efficient sequential route to synthesize heterobimetallic complexes is reported herein. A folate, Cu corrole, Gd DOTA complex that addresses the requirements of a potential contrast agent (CA) for bimodal imaging (e.g., MRI/PET) is reported. The over-expression of the folate receptor in a variety of malignant tumors, along with its limited expression in healthy tissues, makes this an attractive tumor-specific molecular target. Synthesis of a bimetallic ligand potentially targeting the folate receptor, was easily achieved in only a few steps. Interestingly, preliminary studies showed that the relaxivity of the folic heterobimetallic derivative was higher in comparison to a clinic…

StereochemistryGadoliniumMRI contrast agentOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementLigand (biochemistry)BiochemistryCombinatorial chemistryImaging agentchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryIn vivoFolate receptorDrug DiscoveryDOTACorroleTetrahedron Letters
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Design of Porphyrin-dota-Like Scaffolds as All-in-One Multimodal Heterometallic Complexes for Medical Imaging

2013

A series of four multimodal ligands incorporating one porphyrin moiety and one or more dota-like macrocycles all-in-one in the same molecular architecture have been synthesized and full characterized. The corresponding gadolinium(III) complexes were also synthesized and heterometallic complexes incorporating both gadolinium(III) and copper(II) ions were prepared as potential MRI/PET multimodal contrast agents. One ligand (L4) includes an amine moiety that can be activated for easy conversion into an isothiocyanate group for further anchoring to a biological vector. Preliminary relaxivity, cytotoxicity, and MRI studies showed that the complexes developed in this work are very promising medic…

StereochemistryLigandGadoliniumOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMri studiesCombinatorial chemistryPorphyrinchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryIsothiocyanateDOTAMoietyAmine gas treatingPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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An investigation of the neural circuits underlying reaching and reach-to-grasp movements: from planning to execution

2014

Experimental evidence suggests the existence of a sophisticated brain circuit specifically dedicated to reach-to-grasp planning and execution, both in human and non-human primates (Castiello, 2005). Studies accomplished by means of neuroimaging techniques suggest the hypothesis of a dichotomy between a "reach-to-grasp" circuit, involving the anterior intraparietal area, the dorsal and ventral premotor cortices (PMd and PMv - Castiello and Begliomini, 2008; Filimon, 2010) and a "reaching" circuit involving the medial intraparietal area and the superior parieto-occipital cortex (Culham et al., 2006). However, the time course characterizing the involvement of these regions during the planning …

Stimulus (physiology)lcsh:RC321-571Behavioral NeuroscienceNeuroimagingmotor planningBiological neural networkmedicineReach to graspfunctional magnetic resonance imaging; motor execution; motor planning; reach-to-grasp; reachingOriginal Research Articlelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological PsychiatryBrain networkmedicine.diagnostic_testSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaGRASPfunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)reach-to-graspfunctional magnetic resonance imagingreachingmotor executionNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologyPsychiatry and Mental HealthTime courseFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPsychologyNeuroscienceNeuroscience
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Stochastic model of memristor based on the length of conductive region

2021

Abstract We propose a stochastic model of a voltage controlled bipolar memristive system, which includes the properties of widely used dynamic SPICE models and takes into account the fluctuations inherent in memristors. The proposed model is described by rather simple equations of Brownian diffusion, does not require significant computational resources for numerical modeling, and allows obtaining the exact analytical solutions in some cases. The noise-induced transient bimodality phenomenon, arising under resistive switching, was revealed and investigated theoretically and experimentally in a memristive system, by finding a quite good qualitatively agreement between theory and experiment. B…

StochasticityYttria stabilized zirconiaSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciComputer scienceStochastic modellingGeneral MathematicsApplied MathematicsSpiceGeneral Physics and AstronomyMarkov processStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMemristorMemristorBimodalitylaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelawsymbolsResistive switchingStatistical physicsTransient (oscillation)First-hitting-time modelBrownian motion
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Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Brain Tumor Surgical Planning: Feasibility in Clinical Setting.

2019

The aim of this study was to introduce resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rest-fMRI) capability for brain tumor surgical planning. rest-fMRI is an emerging functional neuroimaging technique potentially able to provide new insights into brain physiology and to provide useful information regarding brain tumors in preoperative and postoperative settings. rest-fMRI evaluates low-frequency fluctuations in the blood oxygen level–dependent signal while the subject is at rest during magnetic resonance imaging examination. Multiple resting-state networks have been identified, including the somatosensory, language, and visual networks, which are of primary importance for surgical pl…

Surgical resectionMalemedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresBrain tumorSurgical planningPatient Care Planning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFunctional neuroimagingPreoperative CaremedicineHumansRoutine clinical practicemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingTemporal LobeResting state functional magnetic resonance imagingOxygenBlood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) technique Magnetic resonance imaging Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rest-fMRI)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFeasibility StudiesSurgeryNeurology (clinical)RadiologyFunctional magnetic resonance imagingbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCraniotomyWorld neurosurgery
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MR-guided focused ultrasound application for moving target tumor ablation in abdominal area: Coil selection

2020

PubMed: 32276552

SwineThermal ablationMagnetic Resonance Imaging InterventionalTumor ablationFocused ultrasound030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingMagnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound surgery03 medical and health sciencesCE marking0302 clinical medicineEcho planar imagingAbdomenAnimalsHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyEcho-Planar ImagingPhantoms Imagingbusiness.industryCoils magnetic resonance thermometry tracking echo planar imaging magnetic resonance-guided focused-ultrasound surgery CE marking validation verificationTrackingLiver NeoplasmsVerificationSettore MED/37 - NeuroradiologiaCoilsGeneral MedicineFocused ultrasound surgeryDisease Models AnimalLiverMagnetic resonance thermometryElectromagnetic coil030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHigh-Intensity Focused Ultrasound AblationbusinessSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaMri guidedMagnetic resonance thermometryBiomedical engineering
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