Search results for "MUCOSA"
showing 10 items of 1066 documents
TGF-β Suppresses Tumor Progression in Colon Cancer by Inhibition of IL-6 trans-Signaling
2004
Alterations of TGF-beta signaling have been described in colorectal cancer, although the molecular consequences are largely unknown. By using transgenic mice overexpressing TGF-beta or a dominant-negative TGF-betaRII, we demonstrate that TGF-beta signaling in tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes controls the growth of dysplastic epithelial cells in experimental colorectal cancer, as determined by histology and a novel system for high-resolution chromoendoscopy. At the molecular level, TGF-beta signaling in T cells regulated STAT-3 activation in tumor cells via IL-6. IL-6 signaling required tumor cell-derived soluble IL-6R rather than membrane bound IL-6R and suppression of such TGF-beta-depende…
Dysbiosis and zonulin upregulation alter gut epithelial and vascular barriers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
2017
BackgroundDysbiosis has been recently demonstrated in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) but its implications in the modulation of intestinal immune responses have never been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ileal bacteria in modulating local and systemic immune responses in AS.MethodsIleal biopsies were obtained from 50 HLA-B27+ patients with AS and 20 normal subjects. Silver stain was used to visualise bacteria. Ileal expression of tight and adherens junction proteins was investigated by TaqMan real-time (RT)-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LPS-BP), intestinal fatty acid-BP (iFABP) and zonulin…
IL-10 and TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms in Greek patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
2022
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most frequent inflammatory disorders of the oral mucosa. Cytokines, which play an important role in RAS pathogenesis, participate directly or indirectly in normal, immunological and inflammatory processes and are secreted from cells belonging to innate and adaptive immunity as a consequence of microbial and antigenic stimuli. Gene polymorphisms in specific cytokines may predispose to RAS development. The aim of this study was the investigation and association of IL-10 and TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms with RAS.Study's cohort consisted of 60 Greek patients diagnosed with RAS, including 40 patients with minor, 10 patients with major and 10 with he…
Treatment of giardiasis reverses "active" coeliac disease to "latent" coeliac disease.
2001
In patients with coeliac disease, a regression of intestinal damage without a gluten-free diet is a very rare event. We describe a young child with diarrhoea, intestinal mucosa atrophy and positive serum anti-endomysial and anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibodies during intestinal giardiasis infection. He showed normal intestinal mucosa architecture and negative anti-endomysial and anti-tTG antibodies after his giardiasis was cured, although he continued to assume a normal diet. Re-evaluations on a 6-monthly basis showed that he was symptom free, and all haemato-chemical parameters were within normal limits. Three years after the initial diagnosis, a third intestinal biopsy showe…
Differential expression and glycosylation of proteins in the rat ileal epithelium in response to Echinostoma caproni infection.
2013
Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) is an intestinal trematode that has been used as experimental model to investigate the factors determining the expulsion of intestinal helminths. We analyze the changes in the protein expression and glycosylation induced by E. caproni in Wistar rat, a host of low compatibility in which the parasites are rapidly rejected. To determine the changes in protein expression, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis was employed using protein extracts from the intestine of naïve and infected rats. The patterns of glycosylation were analyzed by lectin blotting. Those spots showing differential expression or glycosylation were analyzed by mass s…
Morphometrische Untersuchungen an Darminterponaten nach totaler Gastrektomie
1982
Im Tierexperiment wurden nach totaler Gastrektomie die Bildung eines Ersatzmagens mit verschiedenen Darminterponaten sowie der Oesophago-Jejunostomie mit Roux-Y-Anastomose durchgefuhrt. Bei der Relaparotomie nach 3monatiger postoperativer Uberlebenszeit wurden die Interponate an ausgewahlten Stellen morphometrisch untersucht. Als deutlichste Veranderung fiel bei allen Dunndarmersatzmagen eine starke muskulare Wandhypertrophie auf, die vor allem die Ringmuskulatur betraf. Beim Colonersatzmagen, der physiologisch eine dickere Wandmuskulatur besitzt, war die Hypertrophie sehr viel geringer. Als pathogenetischer Faktor dieser Veranderung gilt die Volumenbelastung, der der Ersatzmagen an dieser …
Zur Immunpathogenese der chronisch entz�ndlichen Darmerkrankungen
2000
Die chronisch entzundlichen Darmerkrankungen (CED: Morbus Crohn, Colitis ulcerosa) sind durch schubartig verlaufende destruierende Entzundungsreaktionen der Darmschleimhaut gekennzeichnet. In den letzten Jahren konnte gezeigt werden, das bei diesen Erkrankungen eine pathologische Aktivierung des intestinalen Immunsystems durch mucosale Antigene auftritt. In der chronischen Phase der Erkankungen sowie bei der Entwicklung postoperativer Rezidive sind Anderungen in der Zellmigration sowie der Cytokinproduktion intestinaler Zellen wahrscheinlich von entscheidender Bedeutung. Basierend auf diesen neuen pathogenetischen Erkenntnissen werden zur Zeit innovative klinische Behandlungsstrategien gete…
Galantamine permeation through buccal mucosa: studies on reconstituted human oral epithelium and porcine tissue
2008
mRNA Induction and Cytokine Release of Inflammatory Mediators During In Vitro Exposure of Human Nasal Respiratory Epithelia to Acetaldehyde
2006
Acetaldehyde has been shown to be cytotoxic and carcinogenic to the upper respiratory tract epithelium of rodents following long-term exposure. Most animal studies have concentrated on carcinogenicity and DNA-protein cross-link formation, while less is known about potential dose- and time-dependent induction of aldehyde-induced rhinitis in humans. In this in vitro study, 22 primary cell cultures established from inferior turbinate tissue of healthy individuals were exposed to acetaldehyde concentrations of 50 (German MAK value) or 500 ppm for 4 or 24 h. mRNA expression and protein levels of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators were quantified at the end of the 4- and 24-h exposures. C…