Search results for "MUCOSA"

Intestinal transport of cefuroxime axetil in rats: absorption and hydrolysis processes.

2002

Studies were performed using three cefuroxime axetil solutions (11.8, 118 and 200 microM) in three selected intestinal segments and one cefuroxime axetil solution (118 microM) in colon of anaesthetized rats. First-order absorption rate pseudoconstants, k(ap) and effective permeability coefficients, P(eff), were calculated in each set. Absorption of cefuroxime axetil can apparently be described as a carrier-mediated transport, which obeys Michaelis-Menten and first order kinetics in the proximal segment of the small intestine and a passive diffusion mechanism in the mean and distal segments. The absorption kinetic parameters for cefuroxime axetil were obtained: Vm=0.613 (0.440) microM min-1;…

The influence of local anesthetic solutions storage on tissue inflammatory reaction

2009

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the influence of storage conditions of local anesthetic solutions in the inflammatory reaction after injection in rats. Study design: Twenty-four rats received in their oral mucosa the injection of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100.000 solutions (LA) submitted to the following storage conditions during a twelve-month period: G1 - inside the original packaging, in refrigerator (5±1°C); G2 - inside the original box, under light shelter, at room temperature; G3 - outside the original box at room temperature (exposed to artificial light for 12 hours/day) and G4 - brand new solution. For the controls tests, 0.9% sodium chloride solution was injected in th…

Convergence of olfactory and vomeronasal projections in the rat basal telencephalon

2007

Olfactory and vomeronasal projections have been traditionally viewed as terminating in contiguous non-overlapping areas of the basal telencephalon. Original reports, however, described areas such as the anterior medial amygdala where both chemosensory afferents appeared to overlap. We addressed this issue by injecting dextran amines in the main or accessory olfactory bulbs of rats and the results were analyzed with light and electron microscopes. Simultaneous injections of different fluorescent dextran amines in the main and accessory olfactory bulbs were performed and the results were analyzed using confocal microscopy. Similar experiments with dextran amines in the olfactory bulbs plus Fl…

Glucagon-like peptide-2 modulates neurally evoked mucosal chloride secretion in guinea pig small intestine in vitro

2009

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an important neuroendocrine peptide in intestinal physiology. It influences digestion, absorption, epithelial growth, motility, and blood flow. We studied involvement of GLP-2 in intestinal mucosal secretory behavior. Submucosal-mucosal preparations from guinea pig ileum were mounted in Ussing chambers for measurement of short-circuit current ( Isc) as a surrogate for chloride secretion. GLP-2 action on neuronal release of acetylcholine was determined with ELISA. Enteric neuronal expression of the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) was studied with immunohistochemical methods. Application of GLP-2 (0.1–100 nM) to the serosal or mucosal side of the preparations evoke…

Effects of beta-adrenoceptor drug stimulation on various models of gastric ulcer in rats.

1982

Abstract 1. Experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of the pharmacological activation of beta-adrenoceptors on various models of gastric ulcer in the rat. 2. Pretreatment with the beta-adrenoceptor stimulant drugs, isoprenaline or salbutamol, significantly inhibited stress-induced gastric ulcers. This anti-ulcer effect was abolished by propranolol but not by atenolol, suggesting that beta 2-adrenoceptors mediate this response. 3. In the pylorus-ligation model, salbutamol inhibited lesion formation and reduced the intragastric content of hydrogen ions, histamine and pepsin although the latter was only affected with the higher dose of salbutamol. 4. Salbutamol also prevented the ulce…

Replenishment of glutathione levels improves mucosal function in experimental acute colitis.

2000

Because reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated as mediators of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the purpose of the present work was to determine the functional role of mucosal GSH in the trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in 50% ethanol (TNBS+ethanol)-induced colitis in rats. Mucosal samples were taken to evaluate the temporal relationship between the extent of injury, the levels of glutathione (GSH) during acute colitis induced by TNBS+ethanol, and the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administration. In vitro assays revealed the interaction of TNBS with GSH leading to the almost instantaneous disappearance of GSH, while the reductive metabolism of TNBS by GSSG reductase generated RO…

An evaluation of the efficacy of a topical gel with Triester Glycerol Oxide (TGO) in the treatment of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis in a Turkis…

2017

Background Triester glycerol oxide gel (Protefix® Queisser Pharma, Germany) is a new topical agent that has the property of adherence to the oral mucosa by forming a lipid film which protects against mechanical trauma and may help to reduce oral tissue moisture loss and inflammation. The aim of this clinical trial was to determine the efficacy of a topical TGO gel and to also compare it with triamcinolone acetonide pomade in the treatment of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Material and Methods This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial and 180 patients with the complaint of minor aphthous ulcers were enrolled in this study. The sociodemographic data an…

Hypospadias and bladder exstrophy

2002

Reconstructive surgery for patients with hypospadias, bladder exstrophy and cloacal exstrophy is challenging. Over the last few years, more and more data have become available concerning incidence and epidemiology, as well as short- and long-term results of surgical techniques. The tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for hypospadias repair continues to gain in popularity. However, the results of long-term studies of larger series supporting this enthusiasm are still missing. Buccal mucosa is more frequently used in complex hypospadias cases with good short- and long-term results. The one-stage approach of exstrophy repair seems to be promising. However, failures, which require very comp…

Rebuttal from Authors re: Editorial Comment on: Lingual Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty for Anterior Urethral Reconstruction

2008

Angiogenesis in oral lichen planus: an in vivo and immunohistological evaluation.

2010

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an autoimmune disease with an inflammatory pathogenesis. The angiogenetic phenomenon is a mechanism at the base of the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory processes. The aim of this research is to evaluate the angiogenetic phenomenon, comparing an in vitro method with an in vivo one. Thirty OLP patients and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemical analysis of the vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular-endothelial adhesion molecules were carried out by the means of primary antibodies and anti-CD34, anti-VEGF, anti-CD106 antigen (VCAM-1) and anti-CD54 antigen (ICAM-1). Capillary density and others capillaroscopic paramete…