Search results for "MUCOSA"
showing 10 items of 1066 documents
Biological effects of short-chain fatty acids in nonruminant mammals.
1993
propionate, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), cholesterol, cell prolifera tion, human gastric lipase
Intestinal conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid in the rat
1993
Abstract The arachidonic acid (C20:4, n-6) appearing in intestinal lymph during linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6) absorption may originate from enterocyte synthesis or from the liver either after secretion in biliary phospholipids at the same time dietary linoleic acid absorption occurs or via plasma. The radioactivity measured in the total bile collected during the 6 hours of linoleic acid absorption is too small to explain hepatic origin of the C20:4 detected by high performance liquid chromatography analysis of labeled fatty acids recovered in the lymph, in the intestinal mucosa, and the intestinal wall at the peak of linoleic acid intestinal absorption. This study confirms the probability that…
Bioavailability of antihypertensive lactoferricin B-derived peptides: Transepithelial transport and resistance to intestinal and plasma peptidases
2013
The transepithelial transport of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory and antihypertensive lactoferricin B (LfcinB)-derived hexapeptide LfcinB20-25 (RRWQWR) and of its two main fragments RWQ and WQ were investigated using a human intestinal cell (Caco-2) monolayer. The three peptides were susceptible to the action of brush-border peptidases. Intact LfcinB20-25 was not transported across Caco-2 whereas RWQ and WQ were both absorbed through the cell monolayer. Apparent permeability (Papp) values for absorptive transport across the monolayer were 0.7×10-8cms-1 (RWQ) and 3.9×10-8cms-1 (WQ). The effect of pathway-selective inhibitors on peptide absorption suggested paracellular d…
Confocal Endomicroscopy Shows Food-Associated Changes in the Intestinal Mucosa of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
2014
Background & Aims We investigated suspected food intolerances in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) using confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) for real-time visualization of structural/functional changes in the intestinal mucosa after food challenge. Patients with functional changes after food challenge (CLE+) were placed on personalized exclusion diets and followed up for long-term symptom relief. Methods Thirty-six IBS patients with suspected food intolerance and 10 patients with Barrett's esophagus (controls) without IBS symptoms were examined by CLE at University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (Kiel, Germany). Diluted food antigens were administered directly to the duodenal mucosa…
Omega-3 PUFAs and gut microbiota: A preventive approach for colorectal cancer
2021
The influence of diet on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and related pathologies has been known for some time. Some classes of nutrients, such as fatty acids belonging to the omega 3 series, have particular effects on the bacteria that make up the intestinal microbiota. ω-3 PUFAs affect the gut microbiota in three different ways: by modulating the type and abundance of intestinal bacteria, by regulate SCFAs levels, and by alter the levels of proinflammatory mediators. Through these modalities, ω-3 PUFAs could be useful for the prevention of intestinal diseases such as Colorectal Cancer (CRC). The ability of ω-3 PUFAs to modulate the intestinal inflammatory response, to preserve…
Estudio estructural de la mucosa respiratoria post intubación orotraqueal
2012
La obstrucción vía aérea es la causa de muerte mas frecuente en el paciente politraumatizado. La intubación orotraqueal es la maniobra más eficaz para permeabilizar la via aérea siempre que la vía aérea superior sea permeable. La principal indicación de la intubación orotraqueal es la patología quirúrgica. La morbilidad asociada está en estrecha relación con los daños que ocasiona sobre la mucosa traqueal y con el tiempo de intubación. Hay muy pocos trabajos que han graduado el daño en la estructura traqueal post intubación a nivel histolopatológico y a nivel ultraestructural solo con microscopio electrónico de barrido. Material y métodos: Se han estudiado biopsias del tercio anterior de 2º…
Spray-Dried Cytisine-Loaded Matrices: Development of Transbuccal Sustained-Release Tablets as a Promising Tool in Smoking Cessation Therapy
2022
Cytisine (CYT) has emerged as a promising molecule to treat nicotine addiction, since it acts as a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. However, its unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties lead to multiple administrations per day, reducing the patient’s compliance and increasing the side effects. To overcome these drawbacks, CYT buccal administration is here proposed. Firstly, CYT stability in the buccal environment was assessed and its intrinsic ability to permeate/penetrate the tissue was determined by applying CYT solutions at increasing concentrations. Furthermore, a spray-drying method was selected and optimized as it is an eco-friendly, easily scalable and effective te…
In vivo evaluation of labial microcirculation in diabetics: a comparison with healthy subjects.
2011
AIM: Diabetes mellitus, a systemic chronic disease considered an epidemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to the rate of increase in the prevalence of diabetes, is a cause of microvascular and macrovascular complications leading to a significant burden for the individual and society. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the effects of type II diabetes mellitus on the microcirculation of oral mucosa. METHODS: Forty-six subjects, 23 patients with type II diabetes mellitus (10 men, 13 women) and 23 healthy patients (9 men, 14 women) were examined in our laboratory. Oral microcirculation was evaluated on labial mucosa using oral video-capillaroscopy: a diagnostic method that…
Clinical Evaluation of a Telemedically Linked Intraoral Drug Delivery System
2013
The miniaturized intraoral drug delivery system BuccalDose is composed of a replaceable cartridge which is worn in a removable prosthesis and an external base station for telemedical therapy monitoring. The system has now been tested for the first time with Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. The study evaluated the usability of the entire system, the functionality of the telemedical transmission path and the functionality of the cartridge, which uses an osmotic pumping principle to release a liquid drug formulation to the buccal mucosa. The BuccalDose system was generally considered to be easy to handle, even with movement disorders, up to a mild-moderate disease stage. In addition, the obt…
Review article: a comparison of glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2.
2013
Summary Background Recent advancements in understanding the roles and functions of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and 2 (GLP-2) have provided a basis for targeting these peptides in therapeutic strategies. Aim To summarise the preclinical and clinical research supporting the discovery of new therapeutic molecules targeting GLP-1 and GLP-2. Methods This review is based on a comprehensive PubMed search, representing literature published during the past 30 years related to GLP-1 and GLP-2. Results Although produced and secreted together primarily from L cells of the intestine in response to ingestion of nutrients, GLP-1 and GLP-2 exhibit distinctive biological functions that are governed by t…