Search results for "MYCOTOXINS"
showing 10 items of 227 documents
Application of an HPLC-MS/MS method for mycotoxin analysis in commercial baby foods
2012
Abstract This article describes the validation of an analytical method for the detection of 21 mycotoxins in baby food. The analytical method is based on the simultaneous extraction of selected mycotoxins by matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) using a hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer (QTRAP®). Information Dependent Acquisition (IDA), an extra confirmation tool for samples that contain the selected mycotoxins, was used. The matrix effects were evaluated, and the corrections for the matrix effects were performed using two calibration approaches: external matrix-matched calibration and…
Cytoprotective effects of carotenoids-rich extract from Lycium barbarum L. on the beauvericin-induced cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells.
2019
Abstract In this work, the cytotoxicity of Beauvericin (BEA), lutein (LUT), zeaxanthin (ZEAX) and goji berries extract (GBE) rich in carotenoids, was investigated, as well as cytoprotective effects of these carotenoids against BEA induced-cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells. Cytotoxicity was carried out using MTT and protein content (PC) assays during 24 and 48 h of exposure. Only BEA showed cytotoxic effect obtaining a reduction in cell proliferation range from 6.5 to 92.8%. Simultaneous combination of LUT and ZEAX with BEA slightly increased cell proliferation compared to BEA tested alone. LUT, ZEAX and GBE showed cytoprotective effects against cytotoxicity induced by BEA on Caco-2 cells. Pre-tr…
Machine learning approach for predicting Fusarium culmorum and F. proliferatum growth and mycotoxin production in treatments with ethylene-vinyl alco…
2020
Fusarium culmorum and F. proliferatum can grow and produce, respectively, zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisins (FUM) in different points of the food chain. Application of antifungal chemicals to control these fungi and mycotoxins increases the risk of toxic residues in foods and feeds, and induces fungal resistances. In this study, a new and multidisciplinary approach based on the use of bioactive ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) films containing pure components of essential oils (EOCs) and machine learning (ML) methods is evaluated. Bioactive EVOH-EOC films were made incorporating cinnamaldehyde (CINHO), citral (CIT), isoeugenol (IEG) or linalool (LIN). Several ML methods (neural networ…
Identification of Patulin from
2019
The identification and characterization of fungal commensals of the human gut (the mycobiota) is ongoing, and the effects of their various secondary metabolites on the health and disease of the host is a matter of current research. While the neurons of the central nervous system might be affected indirectly by compounds from gut microorganisms, the largest peripheral neuronal network (the enteric nervous system) is located within the gut and is exposed directly to such metabolites. We analyzed 320 fungal extracts and their effect on the viability of a human neuronal cell line (SH-SY5Y), as well as their effects on the viability and functionality of the most effective compound on primary ent…
Rapid mycotoxin analysis in human urine: A pilot study
2011
A simple and rapid method effective for quantitative determination of deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), zearalenone (ZEN), ochratoxin A (OTA), aflatoxins (AFs) B(1), B(2), G(1) and G(2) and fumonisins FB(1) and FB(2) in urine was developed. The urine was diluted with phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and thoroughly mixed. For clean-up and extraction, the mixture was loaded on a MYCO 6in1 IAC. Hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer (QTrap) was used for the detection. Extra tools for confirmation of selected mycotoxins in positive samples, Information Dependent Acquisition (IDA) experiments, were also developed. The use of immunoaffinity columns follo…
Aflatoxins in organs and biological samples from children affected by kwashiorkor, marasmus and marasmic-kwashiorkor: A scoping review
2020
Originally, the kwashiorkor is a pathology justified by the low consumption of proteins and high carbohydrates in weaned children. However, today, it can appear due to multifactorial causes, one of the hypotheses being the presence of aflatoxins in foods consumed by the child population and detected in biological fluids. The objective of this work is to scoping review the presence of aflatoxins in kwashiorkor, marasmus and marasmic-kwashiorkor from organs and biological samples in children. Results reflected that the presence of aflatoxins in kwashiorkor is greater compared to marasmic-kwashiorkor and marasmus in the organs and biological samples analyzed. The relationship of this mycotoxin…
Presence of mycotoxins in ready-to-eat food and subsequent risk assessment
2018
Abstract A study on a set of ready-to-eat meals (n = 328) based on cereals, legumes, vegetables, fish and meat was carried out to determine the natural presence of twenty-seven mycotoxins by both liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry in tandem (MS/MS) after QuEChERS extraction. The occurrence of mycotoxins was headed by cereal samples with 35% of samples contaminated by at least one mycotoxin followed by vegetables (32%), legumes (15%) and lastly, 9% of fish and meat samples were contaminated. DON was the most detected mycotoxin in vegetables, meat, fish and cereals with an incidence of 13% 18% 19% and 60%, respectively, and the highest mean levels were foun…
Co-occurrence and risk assessment of mycotoxins in food and diet from Mediterranean area.
2012
The contents of 14 mycotoxins were studied in samples of different cereals and cereal products from four countries of the Mediterranean region. Two hundred and sixty-five samples from Spain, Italy, Morocco and Tunisia were analysed. Samples were extracted with matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with a triple quadrupole mass analyser. The percentage of total samples contaminated was 53%. The frequency of contaminated samples from Spain, Italy, Tunisia and Morocco was 33%, 52%, 96% and 50%, respectively. Nivalenol and beauvericin were the most predominant mycotoxins. This is the first international report to study the presence…
Determination of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium isolates from banana fruits by capillary gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatograp…
1997
A method of analysis for trichothecenes (nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3- and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, neosolaniol, T-2 tetraol, T-2 and HT-2 toxins), zearalenone and zearalenols, and another method for determination of fumonisin B1 are described and applied to cultures of Fusarium isolated from bananas. Both methods were adapted from different techniques of extraction, clean-up and determination of these mycotoxins. The first method involves extraction with methanol-1% aqueous sodium chloride, clean-up of extracts by partition with hexane and dichloromethane, additional solid reversed-phase clean-up and analysis of two eluates by both high-performance liquid chromatography…
Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in stored barley grain in Spain and impact of PCR-based strategies to assess the occurrence of aflatoxigenic and ochratox…
2011
Contamination of barley by moulds and mycotoxins results in quality and nutritional losses and represents a significant hazard to the food chain. The presence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1) and G2 (AFG2) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in stored barley in Spain has been studied. Species-specific PCR assays were used for detection of Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, A. ochraceus, A. steynii, A. westerdijkiae, A. carbonarius and A. niger aggregate in mycotoxin-positive barley samples at different incubation times (0, 1 and 2 days). Classical enumeration techniques (CFU/g) in different culture media for evaluation of Aspergillus in sections Flavi, Circumdati and Nigri were also used. O…