Search results for "MYOCARDIUM"

Cardioprotective Effects of the Na + /H + Exchange Inhibitor Cariporide in Patients With Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Direct PTCA

2000

Background —Activation of Na + /H + exchange in myocardial ischemia and/or reperfusion leads to calcium overload and myocardial injury. Experimental studies have shown that Na + /H + exchange inhibitors can attenuate Ca 2+ influx into cardiomyocytes. We therefore performed a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to test the hypothesis that inhibition of Na + /H + exchange limits infarct size and improves myocardial function in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI) treated with direct PTCA. Methods and Results —One hundred patients were randomized to receive placebo (n=51) or a 40-mg intravenous bolus of the Na + /H + exchange inhibitor cariporide (HOE…

Prognostic Value of a Comprehensive Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Assessment Soon After a First ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2009

ObjectivesTo evaluate the prognostic value of a comprehensive cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) assessment soon after a first ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).BackgroundCMR allows for a simultaneous assessment of wall motion abnormalities (WMA), WMA with low-dose dobutamine (WMA-dobutamine), microvascular obstruction, and transmural necrosis. This approach has been proven to be useful to predict late systolic recovery soon after STEMI. Its prognostic value and the relative prognostic weight of these indexes are not well-defined.MethodsWe studied 214 consecutive patients with a first STEMI treated with thrombolytic therapy or primary angioplasty discharged from hospital. In …

Effects of acute exercise and xanthine oxidase inhibition on novel cardiovascular biomarkers.

2013

Several sports have been associated with a postexercise increase of cardiac, liver, and skeletal muscle biomarkers of injury. Exhaustive or acute physical exercise causes an increased generation of reactive oxygen species, resulting in cellular injury. Thus, exercise and training may trigger pathophysiological changes in serum concentrations of a variety of biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the variation of novel biomarkers of stress and cardiovascular disease such as copeptin, midregional part of proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and placental growth factor along with uric acid before …

Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal left ventricular layer-specific strain: results from the EACVI NORRE study

2020

Abstract Aims  To obtain the normal range for 2D echocardiographic (2DE) measurements of left ventricular (LV) layer-specific strain from a large group of healthy volunteers of both genders over a wide range of ages. Methods and results  A total of 287 (109 men, mean age: 46 ± 14 years) healthy subjects were enrolled at 22 collaborating institutions of the EACVI Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography (NORRE) study. Layer-specific strain was analysed from the apical two-, three-, and four-chamber views using 2DE software. The lowest values of layer-specific strain calculated as ±1.96 standard deviations from the mean were −15.0% in men and −15.6% in women for epicardial strain, −16.8% …

Standardized T2* map of normal human heart in vivo to correct T2* segmental artefacts.

2007

A segmental, multislice, multi-echo T2* MRI approach could be useful in heart iron-overloaded patients to account for heterogeneous iron distribution, demonstrated by histological studies. However, segmental T2* assessment in heart can be affected by the presence of geometrical and susceptibility artefacts, which can act on different segments in different ways. The aim of this study was to assess T2* value distribution in the left ventricle and to develop a correction procedure to compensate for artefactual variations in segmental analysis. MRI was performed in four groups of 22 subjects each: healthy subjects (I), controls (II) (thalassemia intermedia patients without iron overload), thala…

Preferential patterns of myocardial iron overload by multislice multiecho T2* CMR in thalassemia major patients.

2010

T*(2) multislice multiecho cardiac MR allows quantification of the segmental distribution of myocardial iron overload. This study aimed to determine if there were preferential patterns of myocardial iron overload in thalassemia major. Five hundred twenty-three thalassemia major patients underwent cardiac MR. Three short-axis views of the left ventricle were acquired and analyzed using a 16-segment standardized model. The T*(2) value on each segment was calculated, as well as the global value. Four main circumferential regions (anterior, septal, inferior, and lateral) were defined. Significant segmental variability was found in the 229 patients with significant myocardial iron overload (glob…

Desmin-related myopathies

1997

Desmin-related myopathies are marked by accumulation of desmin, which is often familial and associated with cardiomyopathy. When multifocal this excess is characterized by inclusions such as cytoplasmic or spheroid bodies, when disseminated the excess is called granulofilamentous material. Excess of desmin might represent an abnormal type of protein metabolism.

Myocardial and Peripheral Lymphocytic Transcriptomic Dissociation of β-adrenoceptors and G Protein–coupled Receptor Kinases in Heart Transplantation

2009

Background The genetic expression of adrenergic receptors plays an important pathophysiologic role in heart failure. G protein–coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) desensitize the β-receptor to catecholaminergic stimulation. It has been suggested that their mRNA expression in peripheral lymphocytes could mirror the changes in their myocardial expression in the failing heart, but this relationship between the myocyte and lymphocyte has not been studied in heart transplantation (HT). The objective of this study was to analyze adrenergic receptor and GRK mRNA expression in myocardium and lymphocytes and their correlation. Methods Twenty-three HT patients without evidence of acute rejection or echoc…

Multicenter validation of the magnetic resonance t2* technique for segmental and global quantification of myocardial iron

2009

Purpose To assess the transferability of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) multislice multiecho T2* technique for global and segmental measurement of iron overload in thalassemia patients. Materials and Methods Multiecho T2* sequences were installed on six MRI scanners. Five healthy subjects (n = 30) were scanned at each site; five thalassemia major (TM) patients were scanned at the reference site and were rescanned locally (n = 25) within 1 month. T2* images were analyzed using previously validated software. Results T2* values of healthy subjects showed intersite homogeneity. On TM patients, for global heart T2* values the correlation coefficient was 0.97, coefficients of variation (CoV…

A member of the TGF-β superfamily, GDF11: functions in the cardiac regeneration, perhaps an “elixir of youth?”

2015