Search results for "Maître"
showing 10 items of 21 documents
A dynamical systems study of the inhomogeneous Lambda-CDM model
2010
We consider spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust models with a positive cosmological constant, $\Lambda$, given by the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi metric. These configurations provide a simple but useful generalization of the Lambda-CDM model describing cold dark matter (CDM) and a Lambda term, which seems to fit current cosmological observations. The dynamics of these models can be fully described by scalar evolution equations that can be given in the form of a proper dynamical system associated with a 4-dimensional phase space whose critical points and invariant subspaces are examined and classified. The phase space evolution of various configurations is studied in detail by means of two 2-…
Adiabatic regularization with a Yukawa interaction
2017
We extend the adiabatic regularization method for an expanding universe to include the Yukawa interaction between quantized Dirac fermions and a homogeneous background scalar field. We give explicit expressions for the renormalized expectation values of the stress-energy tensor $\langle T_{\mu\nu} \rangle$ and the bilinear $\langle \bar\psi\psi\rangle$ in a spatially flat FLRW spacetime. These are basic ingredients in the semiclassical field equations of fermionic matter in curved spacetime interacting with a background scalar field. The ultraviolet subtracting terms of the adiabatic regularization can be naturally interpreted as coming from appropriate counterterms of the background fields…
Probing the creatable character of some significant universe models
2008
An unambiguous physical definition of creatable universes was recently proposed. According to it, flat and closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) backgrounds can be created as quantum vacuum fluctuations, whereas open backgrounds are not creatable. Here, physically motivated perturbations of closed and flat backgrounds are analyzed. Various creatable perturbed FRW universes are thus found. Some of them involve scalar and tensor perturbations with appropriate spectra, whereas other ones are Bianchi models.
De la nécessité d'évaluer les pratiques enseignantes : entre enjeux sociaux et obstacles méthodologiques
2003
This article takes a critical look at the assessment of teaching practices. Firstly, it reminds both principles and methodology whereby school is assessed ; secondly, it mentions social and political issues on which those researches have an effect. Unfortunately, teaching practices are not very much known in France, and so is their efficiency. As a result, significative improvements may be done to develop research on education in France.
Thermodynamic class II Szekeres-Szafron solutions. Singular models
2019
A family of parabolic Szekeres-Szafron class II solutions in local thermal equilibrium is studied and their associated thermodynamics are obtained. The subfamily with the hydrodynamic behavior of a generic ideal gas (defined by the equation of state $p = k n \Theta$) results to be an inhomogeneous generalization of flat FLRW $\gamma$-law models. Three significative interpretations that follow on from the choice of three specific thermodynamic schemes are analyzed in depth. First, the generic ideal gas in local thermal equilibrium; this interpretation leads to an inhomogeneous temperature $\Theta$. Second, the thermodynamics with homogeneous temperature considered by Lima and Tiomno (CQG 6 1…
Etablissements scolaires : ce qui fait la différence
2000
International audience; Cet article confronte trois recherches (Cousin, Felouzis, Grisay) portant sur l'efficacité dans le système éducatif français au niveau des enseignants (l'effet enseignant) et au niveau des établissements (l'effet établissement). Sont confrontés les résultats obtenus, mais aussi les deux approches : sociologique (Cousin, Felouzis) vs sciences de l'éducation (Grisay).
La figure de la maîtresse d'école dans l’œuvre de femmes écrivains
2015
International audience; L’article porte sur la représentation de la figure de la maîtresse d’école dans l’œuvre de trois femmes écrivains. Le corpus comprend "Scuola normale femminile" (1886) de Matilde Serao, "La maestra" (1887) de Clarice Tartufari et "Annuzza la maestrina. Vecchia storia … inverosimile" (1907) d’Elvira Mancuso. Ces textes montrent les contradictions du travail des maîtresses d’école entre la fin du XIXe et le début du XXe siècle. Les femmes - qui s’orientent vers ce métier dans un espoir d’ascension sociale et d’accès au travail intellectuel - doivent faire face à des obstacles comme la misère, le harcèlement sexuel et les mentalités contraires à l’indépendance des femme…
La langue affrontée : voix intimes des domestiques dans The Cattle Killing de John Edgar Wideman
2017
The Cattle Killing traces the path a young Black itinerant preacher – a former slave reduced to vagrancy in plague-ridden 1793 Philadelphia. During his travels, he encounters Liam and Mrs. Stubbs, a Black man and a white woman, both former servants who have come from England where Liam was indentured to painter George Stubbs while his wife was Stubbs’ maid. They came to America in hope of a better life that would save them from ambiant racism. The preacher also meets Kathryn, a black woman serving the wife of a famous Abolitionnist, a Founding Father and enlightened humanist. Kathryn works as an amanuensis for her blind mistress and writes a diary the latter dictates. Yet the servant surrep…
C.G. Jung : Les maîtres à penser du Maître. Du Livre Rouge à la psychologie analytique [in] François Raviez : L’image du maître spirituel, Arras: Art…
2019
International audience
Performances linguistiques des enseignants et qualité d'apprentissage des élèves au primaire
2011
In a broad sense Education for All (EFA) is a hazardous Issue for to the least developed countries, and yet it adds, almost always, for these countries to provide additional difficulty for initial learning periods when majority in pupils has to assume the route from the local language to the teaching one. Besides, adapting in this context the provision of education has often done under the financial constraint. The hiring for supplementary teachers, as to reach EFA goal, less paid in comparison to their older colleagues. So now the teacher staff is consequently represented by new teachers with fewer initial education and pedagogical training, but definitely closer to the communities. The re…