Search results for "Magnet"

showing 10 items of 15436 documents

Trapped Ion Oscillation Frequencies as Sensors for Spectroscopy

2010

The oscillation frequencies of charged particles in a Penning trap can serve as sensors for spectroscopy when additional field components are introduced to the magnetic and electric fields used for confinement. The presence of so-called "magnetic bottles" and specific electric anharmonicities creates calculable energy-dependences of the oscillation frequencies in the radiofrequency domain which may be used to detect the absorption or emission of photons both in the microwave and optical frequency domains. The precise electronic measurement of these oscillation frequencies therefore represents an optical sensor for spectroscopy. We discuss possible applications for precision laser and microw…

spectroscopyPhotonmagnetic momentlcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleAnalytical ChemistryElectromagnetic FieldsElectric fieldmagnetic bottlelcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringMicrowavesSpectroscopyInstrumentationIonsOscillationChemistryLasersSpectrum Analysispenning trapPenning trapAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIon trapRotational spectroscopyAtomic physicsMicrowaveSensors
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The NUMEN project @ LNS: Status and perspectives

2017

The NUMEN project aims at accessing experimentally driven information on Nuclear Matrix Elements (NME) involved in the half-life of the neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ), by high-accuracy measurements of Heavy Ion (HI) induced Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reaction cross sections. In particular, the (18O,18Ne) and (20Ne,20O) reactions are used as tools for β+β+ and β−β− decays, respectively. In the experiments, performed at INFN - Laboratory Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania, the beams are accelerated by the Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) and the reaction ejectiles are detected the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer. The measured cross sections are challengingly low (a few nb), being the tota…

spectroscopyacceleratorspektroskopiaCyclotronnucleus: energyContext (language use)Scintillator[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]7. Clean energy01 natural scienceslaw.inventionNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)double-beta decay: (0neutrino)lawDouble beta decay0103 physical sciencescyclotron010306 general physicsPhysicsSpectrometerta114operator: transition010308 nuclear & particles physicscyclotrons nuclear structureNuclear structureradioactive decaysemileptonic decaycross section: measuredmagnetic spectrometercharge exchangecharge exchange reactionsheavy ionUpgradeOrder of magnitudeexperimental results
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BODIPY atropisomer interconversion, face discrimination, and superstructure appending

2016

International audience; A strategy was developed to append sterically hindered apical pickets on both faces of the BODIPY platform to prevent stacking and aggregation. Ortho-substitution of both the meso-phenyl ring and the boron-bound catechol affords the right directionality to append pickets, achieve face discrimination, featuring two inter-convertible atropisomers, and is reminiscent of the picket-fence strategy in porphyrins.

spectroscopybindingStereochemistryStackingAppend010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)porphyrins01 natural sciencesbiomolecules[ CHIM ] Chemical SciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compounddimersMaterials Chemistryfluorophores[CHIM]Chemical SciencesAtropisomer010405 organic chemistryChemistryMetals and AlloysGeneral Chemistry0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFace discriminationCeramics and CompositescellsfluorescenceBODIPYprobesSuperstructure (condensed matter)moieties
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Spectroscopic characterization of alkaline earth uranyl carbonates

2005

A series of alkaline uranyl carbonates, M[UO{sub 2}(CO{sub 3}){sub 3}].nH{sub 2}O (M=Mg{sub 2}, Ca{sub 2}, Sr{sub 2}, Ba{sub 2}, Na{sub 2}Ca, and CaMg) was synthesized and characterized by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after nitric acid digestion, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). The molecular structure of these compounds was characterized by extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Crystalline Ba{sub 2}[UO{sub 2}(CO{sub 3}){sub 3}].6H{sub 2}O was obtained for the first time. The EXAFS analysis showed that this compound consists of …

spectroscopysynthesisAbsorption spectroscopyTRLFSAnalytical chemistryElectron spectroscopyUranyl carbonateuraniumInorganic Chemistrycarbonatechemistry.chemical_compoundXPSMaterials ChemistrystructurePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyX-ray spectroscopyExtended X-ray absorption fine structureChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsUranylalkaline earthElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsEXAFSX-ray crystallographyCeramics and CompositesJournal of Solid State Chemistry
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Total absorption γ -ray spectroscopy of niobium isomers

2019

15 pags. 17 figs., 5 tabs.

spektroskopiaNiobiumchemistry.chemical_element[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear Structure7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesDecay heat010306 general physicsSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Nuclear ExperimentPhysicsZirconiumSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsPandemonium effectPenning trapnuclear structure and decayschemistry13. Climate actionFísica nuclearbeta decayAtomic physicsisomer decaysydinfysiikka
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Acetic acid leaching of neodymium magnets and iron separation by simple oxidative precipitation

2022

Neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) has become the most prominent permanent magnet alloy, with a wide variety of applications and an ever-increasing demand. Their recycling is important for securing the supply of critical raw materials used in their manufacturing. The use of organic acids such as acetic acid has been of recent interest for the recycling of waste NdFeB magnets. Despite achieving good leaching efficiencies, the published literature has not properly investigated the effects of key factors influencing the acetic acid leaching process and their respective interactions, which has lead to conflicting findings as to what conditions are optimal. The present work goes to show that no such o…

spent NdFeB magnetetikkahappocritical raw materialmetallituudelleenkäyttöharvinaiset maametallitiron precipitationREE [rare earth element]acetic acid leachingkierrätys
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Exotic Spin-Orbital Physics in Hybrid Oxides

2016

We compare the effective spin-orbital super\-exchange triggered by magnetic $3d$ impurities with $d^3$ and $d^2$ configurations and either no orbital degree of freedom (orbital dilution) or hole replacing a doublon (charge dilution) in a $4d^4$ Mott insulator with $S=1$ spins. Impurities causing orbital dilution act either as spin defects decoupled from the surrounding ions, or generate orbital polarons along $d^3$-$d^4$ hybrid bonds. The exchange on these bonds determines which orbital is occupied by a doublon on the host site. In case of charge dilution by $3d^2$ impurities additional $\propto T_i^+T_j^+$ terms arise which enhance orbital fluctuations. We show that such terms may radicall…

spin-orbital orderorbital fluctuationsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyPolaron01 natural sciencesIonCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSpin (physics)PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed matter physicsSpinsMott insulatorDopingMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Charge (physics)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsorbital/charge dilutionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDoped Mott insulatorSuperexchangeCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics0210 nano-technologyJournal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism
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Three-dimensional skyrmions in spin-2 Bose–Einstein condensates

2017

We introduce topologically stable three-dimensional skyrmions in the cyclic and biaxial nematic phases of a spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensate. These skyrmions exhibit exceptionally high mapping degrees resulting from the versatile symmetries of the corresponding order parameters. We show how these structures can be created in existing experimental setups and study their temporal evolution and lifetime by numerically solving the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equations for realistic parameter values. Although the biaxial nematic and cyclic phases are observed to be unstable against transition towards the ferromagnetic phase, their lifetimes are long enough for the skyrmions to be imprinted…

spinor condensateSUPERFLUID HE-3Angular momentumSYMMETRYFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyBose-Einstein condensation114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesInstability010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionPHASESKNOTSlaw0103 physical sciencesField theory (psychology)magnetismikvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsVORTICESSpin-½Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsBose–Einstein condensationBiaxial nematicCondensed matter physicsSkyrmionMONOPOLESCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectFIELD-THEORYSymmetry (physics)skyrmionQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesBose–Einstein condensateNew Journal of Physics
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Design Scheme of New Tetragonal Heusler Compounds for Spin-Transfer Torque Applications and its Experimental Realization

2012

Band Jahn-Teller type structural instabilities of cubic Mn(2)YZ Heusler compounds causing tetragonal distortions can be predicted by ab initio band-structure calculations. This allows for identification of new Heusler materials with tunable magnetic and structural properties that can satisfy the demands for spintronic applications, such as in spin-transfer torque-based devices.

spintronics010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsSpintronicsMechanical EngineeringAb initioSpin-transfer torqueNanotechnology02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCommunicationsspin-transfer torquesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTetragonal crystal systemMechanics of Materials0103 physical sciencesTorqueCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGeneral Materials Sciencemagnetic properties0210 nano-technologyHeusler compoundsRealization (systems)Advanced Materials
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Spin caloric transport from density-functional theory

2019

Spin caloric transport refers to the coupling of heat with spin transport. Its applications primarily concern the generation of spin currents and control of magnetisation by temperature gradients for information technology, known by the synonym spin caloritronics. Within the framework of ab initio theory, new tools are being developed to provide an additional understanding of these phenomena in realistic materials, accounting for the complexity of the electronic structure without adjustable parameters. Here, we review this progress, summarising the principles of the density-functional-based approaches in the field and presenting a number of application highlights. Our discussion includes th…

spintronicsMaterials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsthermal spin torqueCaloric theory02 engineering and technologyPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesspin Nernst effectSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsspin Seebeck effectdensity functional calculations0103 physical sciencesspin caloritronicsDensity functional theoryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronsmagneto-Seebeck effect010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySpin-½
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