Search results for "Magnitude"

showing 10 items of 501 documents

PATTERNED LASER CRYSTALLIZATION OF a-Si

2009

PATTERNED LASER CRYSTALLIZATION OF a-SiThin films of amorphous Si on glass were crystallized by pulsed nano- and picosecond lasers. Two methods for creating the desired patterns of crystallized regions were used. In the former, the pattern is produced by a focused laser beam, and in the latter it is made using a prefabricated mask. The electric conductivity of crystallized films increases by more than 4 orders of magnitude in comparison with untreated amorphous films.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryOrders of magnitude (temperature)General EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyLaserAmorphous solidlaw.inventionlawElectrical resistivity and conductivityPicosecondLaser crystallizationOptoelectronicsThin filmbusinessLaser beamsLatvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences
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Near-infrared spatial solitons in heavy metal oxide A glasses

2007

We demonstrate two-dimensional spatial solitons excited by near-infrared picosecond pulses in Kerr-like heavy metal oxide glasses with a nonlinearity one order of magnitude larger than in fused silica. Solitons were obtained at 820 nm owing to the presence of multiphoton absorption, which prevented catastrophic collapse. © 2007 Optical Society of America.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryOxidePhysics::OpticsNonlinear opticsNonlinear optics materialsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistry.chemical_compoundSelf-action effectOpticschemistryElectric fieldExcited statePicosecondbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsRefractive indexOrder of magnitude
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Analysis of static friction and elastic forces in a nanowire bent on a flat surface: A comparative study

2014

ZnO nanowires bent to a complex shape and held in place by static friction force from supporting flat surface are investigated experimentally and theoretically. The complex shapes are obtained by bending the nanowires inside a scanning electron microscope with a sharp tip attached to a nanopositioner. Several methods previously described in the literature are applied along with author's original method to calculate the distributed friction force and stored elastic energy in the nanowires from the bending profile. This comparative study evidences the importance of the usage of appropriate models for accurate analysis of the nanowires profile. It is demonstrated that incomplete models can lea…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryScanning electron microscopeMechanical EngineeringBent molecular geometryNanowireElastic energySurfaces and InterfacesBendingStructural engineeringMechanicsStatic frictionSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMechanics of MaterialsElasticity (economics)businessOrder of magnitudeTribology International
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Ultrafast laser-induced micro-explosion: material modification tool

2016

Femtosecond Bessel pulses with a needle-like intensity distribution were focused inside sapphire crystal to create voids and the shock-wave affected volume which is by more than two orders of magnitude larger as compared with that made by the Gaussian pulse.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryScanning electron microscopePhysics::OpticsLaserlaw.inventionCrystalsymbols.namesakeOpticslawFemtosecondsymbolsSapphirebusinessUltrashort pulseOrder of magnitudeBessel functionPhotonics and Fiber Technology 2016 (ACOFT, BGPP, NP)
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Development of a Gas Method for Migration Studies in Fractured and Porous Media.

1992

ABSTRACTA gas method for fast measurements of diffusion properties of porous materials has been developed. Diffusion coefficients in the gas phase are typically four orders of magnitude larger than those in the liquid phase. For samples whose structures do not change much upon drying it is possible to estimate the diffpision properties of the liquid phase when the properties of the gas phase are known. Advantages of the gas method are quick and easy measurements and therefore they can be used to optimize the liquid-phase measurements which may last months or years. For materials with good correlation between the gas and liquid-phase diffusion, the number of liquid phase measurements can be …

Materials sciencechemistryOrders of magnitude (temperature)TRACERMass transferSlabAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementDiffusion (business)Composite materialPorous mediumHeliumWaste disposalMRS Proceedings
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The role of mechanical properties of brittle airy foods on the masticatory performance

2010

This work investigates the mastication of two samples of typical cereal food products previously characterised by different sensory, textural and mechanical properties, by two complementary approaches. Electromyographic records and image analysis of chewed food particles first confirm the importance of the brittle behaviour of the products on human mastication. For both products, the fragmentation is followed by a significant agglomeration after less than 10 chewing cycles, both phenomena being correlated to the force magnitude and its evolution. Then, artificial mastication is undertaken to shed more light on the capability of the chewing simulator to discriminate both products under dry m…

Materials sciencedigestive oral and skin physiology030206 dentistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceMasticatory force03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnology0302 clinical medicineBrittlenessFood particlesFood productsForce magnitudeFood scienceBiological systemMasticationFood ScienceJournal of Food Engineering
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The geometry of canal surfaces and the length of curves in de Sitter space

2011

Abstract We find the minimal value of the length in de Sitter space of closed space-like curves with non-vanishing non-space-like geodesic curvature vector. These curves are in correspondence with closed almost-regular canal surfaces, and their length is a natural magnitude in conformal geometry. As an application, we get a lower bound for the total conformal torsion of closed space curves.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryDe Sitter spaceTorsion (algebra)Magnitude (mathematics)Conformal mapGeometryGeometry and TopologyClosed spaceConformal geometryUpper and lower boundsMathematicsGeodesic curvatureadvg
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Exchange transfer in high-nuclearity mixed valence magnetic clusters: Theoretical approach and expected manifestations

1998

Abstract We report here a general solution of the exchange transfer problem in the high-nuclearity mixed valence clusters containing arbitrary number of itinerant electrons. The concept of two kinds of exchange transfer, namely kinetic and potential, is introduced by analogy with basic Anderson's mechanisms of the magnetic exchange. The kinetic exchange transfer is treated as a second order transfer process between two centres through the excited state of a third centre. The potential exchange transfer is also considered as a three-centre interaction but in this case only the ground states of the constituent ions are involved. The actual parameters of the exchange transfer are expected to b…

Matrix (mathematics)Valence (chemistry)ChemistryChemical physicsExcited stateGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsGround stateExchange operatorQuantum numberTransfer problemOrder of magnitude
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An Efficient Wiener Path Integral Technique Formulation for Stochastic Response Determination of Nonlinear MDOF Systems

2015

The recently developed approximate Wiener path integral (WPI) technique for determining the stochastic response of nonlinear/hysteretic multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems has proven to be reliable and significantly more efficient than a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) treatment of the problem for low-dimensional systems. Nevertheless, the standard implementation of the WPI technique can be computationally cumbersome for relatively high-dimensional MDOF systems. In this paper, a novel WPI technique formulation/implementation is developed by combining the “localization” capabilities of the WPI solution framework with an appropriately chosen expansion for approximating the system response PDF…

Mechanical EngineeringReliability (computer networking)Monte Carlo methodnonlinear systemCondensed Matter PhysicsDisplacement (vector)Nonlinear systemStochastic dynamicsOrders of magnitude (time)Variational formulationMechanics of MaterialsControl theorystochastic dynamicPath integral formulationBoundary value problemWiener path integralMathematics
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RAMS-forecasts comparison of typical summer atmospheric conditions over the Western Mediterranean coast

2014

Abstract The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) has been used in order to perform a high-resolution numerical simulation of two meteorological events related to the most common atmospheric environments during the summer over the Western Mediterranean coast: mesoscale circulations and western synoptic advections. In this regard, we take advantage of the operational RAMS configuration running within the real-time forecasting system environment already implemented over this Mediterranean area, precisely in the Valencia Region and nearby areas. The attention of this paper is especially focused on identifying the main features of both events and the ability of the model in resolving the…

Mediterranean climateAtmospheric ScienceComputer simulationMeteorologyAdvectionMesoscale meteorologyCiències de la terraMagnitude (mathematics)Operational forecastingTemperatura atmosfèricaAtmosferaClimatologyClimatologiaRegional Atmospheric Modeling SystemEnvironmental scienceMediterranean area
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