Search results for "Mannans"
showing 10 items of 17 documents
Diagnosis of systemic candidiasis by enzyme immunoassay detection of specific antibodies to mycelial phase cell wall and cytoplasmic candidal antigens
1993
Diagnosis of systemic Candida infections was attempted by the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) to detect IgG antibodies towards cell wall-bound and cytoplasmic candidal antigens. Cell wall antigens were sequentially solubilized by treatment of germinated blastoconidia of Candida albicans (ATCC 26555 strain) with beta-mercaptoethanol (beta ME extract) and digestion with Zymolyase 20T, a beta-glucanase preparation (Zymolyase extract). Protoplasts obtained after treatment with Zymolyase were osmotically lysed (cytoplasmic antigens). Sera were obtained from patients with systemic (n = 28) and superficial (n = 46) candidiasis. Control sera were obtained from normal healthy indiv…
Wall mannoproteins of the yeast and mycelial cells of Candida albicans: nature of the glycosidic bonds and polydispersity of their mannan moieties.
1988
SUMMARY: Zymolyase released between 20 and 25% of the total protein from purified walls of yeast (Y) and mycelial (M) cells of Candida albicans. The material released contained 92% carbohydrate (86% mannose and 6% glucose) and 7:< protein. Over 85% of the carbohydrate was N-glycosidically linked to the protein and the rest (less than 15%) was linked O-glycosidically. Highly polydisperse, high molecular mass mannoproteins, resolved by electrophoresis as four defined bands in Y cells and two bands in M cells, had both types of sugar chains. A 34 kDa species found in both types of cells had a single 2.5 kDa N-glycosidically linked sugar chain and a 3 1.5 kDa protein moiety. Polydispersity in t…
Performance of existing definitions and tests for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in critically ill, adult patients: A systematic review with…
2020
Contains fulltext : 229471.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVES: To summarize the available evidence on the diagnostic performance for invasive aspergillosis (IA) in non-hematological, non-solid organ transplantation critically ill patients of the following: (i) existing definitions of IA (developed either for classical immunocompromised populations or for non-immunocompromised critically ill patients); (ii) laboratory tests; (iii) radiology tests. METHODS: A systematic review was performed by evaluating studies assessing the diagnostic performance for IA of a definition/s and/or laboratory/radiology test/s vs. a reference standard (histology) or a reference definition. RES…
Metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae envelope mannoproteins.
1982
By pulse and chase labeling experiments, two independent mannoprotein pools have been found associated with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae envelope. One of them probably corresponds to mannoproteins localized in the periplasmic space. These molecules showed a high turnover rate at 28 degrees C. The second pool is formed by intrinsic wall mannoproteins which are apparently stable for long periods of time, after a small initial turnover. These results suggest that at least part of the mannoproteins initially found in the periplasmic space may move into the wall. The time lag between the addition of the radioactive precursors and their incorporation in the cell envelope (20-30 min for amino acid…
Identification of glucan-mannoprotein complexes in the cell wall of Candida albicans using a monoclonal antibody that reacts with a (1,6)- -glucan ep…
1995
The use of a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) that reacts with (1,6)-beta-glucan has permitted the study of the different covalent linkages between glucan and mannoproteins in the cell wall of Candida albicans. The mAb JRR1 was originally raised by immunization with Zymolyase extracts from C. albicans cell walls, but it soon became apparent that it reacted with a (1,6)-beta-glucan epitope. By using this antibody, we show the existence of glucan-mannoprotein complexes between the (1,6)-beta-glucan epitope recognized by the antibody and cell wall mannoproteins. The topology of the (1,6)-beta-glucan in the cell wall of C. albicans has also been studied.
New Method of DNA Isolation from Two Food Additives Suitable for Authentication in Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays
2005
Locust bean gum and guar gum are galactomannans used as additives (E 410 and E 412, respectively) in the food industry as stabilizing agents. Analytical discrimination between the two additives in gums and foods is now feasible by molecular techniques. However, only complex and time-consuming DNA isolation protocols are available to date. We have developed simple improved protocols to obtain enough DNA suitable for PCR amplification from a few milligrams of commercial E 410 and E 412 additives (containing more than 75% polysaccharides). The suspension of additives in water or 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.5, efficiently recovers DNA suitable for authentication in PCR assays. However, the Tris method…
Characterization of epitopes recognized by Candida factor 1 and 9 antisera by use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mnn mutants
1993
The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mnn mutants has facilitated the study of the epitopes recognized by antisera against several antigenic factors of the genus Candida (Candida Check; Iatron Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan). We have taken advantage of the very well characterized structure of the mannans of the different mnn mutants to compare their reactivities with the factor antisera used in the identification of different species of the genus Candida. The results of this study provide evidence that one of the antigenic determinants recognized by factor 1 antisera is the O-linked mannose chains of the cell wall mannoproteins, while that recognized by factor 9 antiserum is the alpha 1-6-linked …
Investigation of a Killer Strain of Zygosaccharomyces Bailii
1993
Summary: The yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii strain 412 was found to liberate a killer toxin (KT412) lethal to sensitive strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida glabrata. Culture supernatants of the killer strain were concentrated by ultrafiltration and the extracellular protein was purified by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. Gel filtration and SDS-PAGE of the electrophoretically homogeneous killer protein indicated an apparent molecular mass of 10 kDa. The killer toxin KT412 is probably not glycosylated since it did not show any detectable carbohydrate structures. KT412 was bound to sensitive but not to resistant yeast cells. The mannan, and not the glucan, fraction …
Polyclonal antibodies to mannan from yeast also recognize the carbohydrate structure of gp120 of the AIDS virus: an approach to raise neutralizing an…
1990
This study initiates a new method of developing an antigen which might be useful in the prevention of HIV-1 infection. Using a mannan preparation from Saccharomyces cerevisiae neutralizing antiserum was raised in rabbits which prevents HIV-1 infection in vitro up to a titre of 1:128. The corresponding antibody preparation neutralized the in vitro infectivity down to a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml. Analytical studies suggest that the antibodies are directed against the mannose residues of the HIV-1 glycoprotein (gp) 120 and its precursor gp 160.
Identification of Leguminosae gums and evaluation of carob-guar mixtures by capillary zone electrophoresis of protein extracts.
2002
A procedure for the extraction and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separation of proteins from carob, guar and tara gums in a background electrolyte (BGE) of pH 9 containing 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol is described. The CZE protein profiles exhibit characteristic peaks for each one of the Leguminosae gums, which can be used to construct models capable of identifying samples of carob, guar and tara gums, and predicting the guar content in binary carob-guar mixtures of different geographical origin and harvested in different years. The classification and prediction models are constructed by using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and multiple linear regression (MLR), respectively. An excelle…