Search results for "Markov"
showing 10 items of 628 documents
Stochastic anticipative calculus on the path space over a compact Riemannian manifold
1998
Abstract In this paper, we shall first give another expression for Cruzeiro-Malliavin structure equation, by means of the Skorohod integral. The torsion tensor with respect to the Markovian connection used in [CF] is computed. This is the key step to establish a Stroock-like formula of commutation on the derivative of the Skorohod integral, which enables us to prove an Ito formula. As an application, we shall give a maximal inequality for Skorohod integrals following [AN2].
Equivalence Relations on Stonian Spaces
1996
Abstract Quotient spaces of locally compact Stonian spaces which generalize in some sense the concept of Stone representation space of a Boolean algebra are investigated emphasizing the measure theoretical point of view, and a representation theorem for finitely additive measures is proved.
Bayesian calibration of the nitrous oxide emission module of an agro-ecosystem model
2008
1. NitroEurope Open Science Conference on Reactive Nitrogen and the European Greenhouse Gas Balance ; Ghent (Belgique) - (2008-02-20 - 2008-02-21) / Conférence; Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the main biogenic greenhouse gas contributing to the global warming potential (GWP) of agro-ecosystems. Evaluating the impact of agriculture on climate therefore requires a capacity to predict N2O emissions in relation to environmental conditions and crop management. Biophysical models simulating the dynamics of carbon and nitrogen in agro-ecosystems have a unique potential to explore these relationships, but are fraught with high uncertainties in their parameters due to their variations over time and space. H…
Temporal and spatial diversification of the African disjunct genus Androcymbium (Colchicaceae)
2009
Abstract The genus Androcymbium (Colchicaceae) includes 57 species that are distributed in the extreme northern and southern portions of Africa, mainly in regions with a Mediterranean climate. We present the first phylogeographic analysis of the genus with species from all five of its distribution areas (North Africa, Horn of Africa, Namibia, western South Africa, and eastern South Africa). We used sequence data from six chloroplast regions and one nuclear region. Phylogeographic reconstructions were conducted using both parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. Molecular dating estimates using a Bayesian approach suggest a middle Miocene (13.4 ± 1.5 mya) origin of the genus; this approach …
The Dreaming Variational Autoencoder for Reinforcement Learning Environments
2018
Reinforcement learning has shown great potential in generalizing over raw sensory data using only a single neural network for value optimization. There are several challenges in the current state-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms that prevent them from converging towards the global optima. It is likely that the solution to these problems lies in short- and long-term planning, exploration and memory management for reinforcement learning algorithms. Games are often used to benchmark reinforcement learning algorithms as they provide a flexible, reproducible, and easy to control environment. Regardless, few games feature a state-space where results in exploration, memory, and plannin…
Two Teletraffic-based Schemes for Energy Saving in Cellular Networks with Micro-cells
2012
Published version of an article in the journal: Journal of Communications. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.4304/jcm.7.10.726-739 Open access The energy consumption of Base Stations (BSs) is known to constitute a major part of the power consumption in a cellular network. In this paper, we propose a novel approach which may switch a BS off under light traffic conditions in order to conserve the power consumption of such networks. More specifically, when the traffic load in the middle cell of a network with three micro-cells is sufficiently low, the corresponding BS can be switched off and its users will be covered by increasing the transmission power of one sector a…
ON HIGH-SKILL AND LOW-SKILL EQUILIBRIA: A MARKOV CHAIN APPROACH
2006
In this paper we propose to study the dynamics of human capital accumulation by means of a Markov chain. We identify the conditions for the emergence of ergodic and nonergodic dynamics, and relate them to various characteristics of an economic system. The model may generate high-skill and low-skill equilibria as well as intermediate situations. Policy implications are also discussed.
Novel 3D bio-macromolecular bilinear descriptors for protein science: Predicting protein structural classes
2015
In the present study, we introduce novel 3D protein descriptors based on the bilinear algebraic form in the ℝn space on the coulombic matrix. For the calculation of these descriptors, macromolecular vectors belonging to ℝn space, whose components represent certain amino acid side-chain properties, were used as weighting schemes. Generalization approaches for the calculation of inter-amino acidic residue spatial distances based on Minkowski metrics are proposed. The simple- and double-stochastic schemes were defined as approaches to normalize the coulombic matrix. The local-fragment indices for both amino acid-types and amino acid-groups are presented in order to permit characterizing fragme…
Analysis and modeling of Temporal Dominance of Sensations with stochastic processes
2019
Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) is a technique to measure temporal perception of food product during tasting. For a panelist, it consists in choosing in a list of attributes which one is dominant at any time. This work aims to model TDS data with a stochastic process and proposes to use semi-Markov processes (SMP), a generalization of Markov chains which allows dominance durations to be modeled by any type of distribution. The model can then be used to compare TDS samples based on likelihood ratio. Because probabilities of transition from one attribute to another one can also depend on time, we propose to model TDS by period and we propose a method to select optimally the number of p…
Analysis and modeling of Temporal Dominance of Sensations with stochastic processes
2019
Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) is a technique to measure temporal perception of food product during tasting. For a panelist, it consists in choosing in a list of attributes which one is dominant at any time. This work aims to model TDS data with a stochastic process and proposes to use semi-Markov processes (SMP), a generalization of Markov chains which allows dominance durations to be modeled by any type of distribution. The model can then be used to compare TDS samples based on likelihood ratio. Because probabilities of transition from one attribute to another one can also depend on time, we propose to model TDS by period and we propose a method to select optimally the number of p…