Search results for "Marr"
showing 10 items of 776 documents
Modelo de cabalgamiento profundo para el Alto Atlas (Marruecos). Implicaciones sísmicas en la zona de colisión entre Eurasia y Africa
2007
Previous crustal models of the High Atlas suppose the existence of a mid-crustal detachment where all the surface thrusts merged and below which the lower crust was continuous. However, both seismic refraction data and gravity modeling detected a jump in crustal thickness between the High Atlas and the northern plains. Here we show that this rapid and vertical jump in the depth of Moho discontinuity suggests that a thrust fault may penetrate the lower crust and offset the Moho (deep-rooted “thick skinned” model). The distribution of Neogene and Quaternary volcanisms along and at the northern part of the High Atlas lineament can be related to the beginning of a partial continental subduction…
On the reception of Wilhelm von Humboldt’s linguistic ideas in the Soviet Union from the late 1920s to the early 1950s
2015
The present article discusses the Soviet reception of Humboldt’s linguistic ideas, focusing on different interpretations of his ideas during the period between the latter half of the 1920s and the early 1950s. While Humboldt’s idea of the inner form of language was an important ingredient in Shpet’s phenomenology, the attitude towards Humboldt changed radically in the late 1920s and early 1930s when the ‘bolshevization’ of the sciences had reached linguistics. The idea that language, nation, and culture are closely interconnected was at odds with the ‘Marxist’ idea of class-language, according to which linguistic diversity derives from the socio-economic characteristics of societies. In the…
Adverse drug reactions to antiretroviral medication
2009
Antiretroviral therapy has greatly improved prognosis of HIV infection, with a dramatic reduction of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nevertheless, the condition is still a common cause of death in many underdeveloped countries, where effective treatment is not always unavailable. More than 20 drugs active against HIV are commercially available, which belong to one of four groups: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, and fusion/entry inhibitors. In the near future new drugs are expected, including those of a novel group, the integrase inhibitors. To avoid viral resistance, combinations of the drugs must always b…
Hop-derived fraction rich in beta acids and prenylflavonoids regulates the inflammatory response in dendritic cells differently from quercetin: unvei…
2021
Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a heterogeneous family of immune cells that link innate and adaptive immunity and their activation is linked to metabolic changes that are essential to support their activity and function. Hence, targeting the metabolism of DCs represents an opportunity to modify the inflammatory and immune response. Among the natural matrices, Humulus lupulus (Hop) compounds have recently been shown to exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of specific Hop fractions to modulate DCs metabolism after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by an untargeted metabolomics approach and compare their effect with flavonol …
IL-9 and IL-13 production by activated mast cells is strongly enhanced in the presence of lipopolysaccharide: NF-kappa B is decisively involved in th…
2001
Abstract Mast cells, due to their ability to produce a large panel of mediators and cytokines, participate in a variety of processes in adaptive and innate immunity. Herein we report that in primary murine bone marrow-derived mast cells activated with ionomycin or IgE-Ag the bacterial endotoxin LPS strongly enhances the expression of IL-9 and IL-13, but not IL-4. This costimulatory effect of LPS is absent in activated mast cells derived from the LPS-hyporesponsive mouse strain BALB/c-LPSd, although in these cells the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 can still substitute for LPS. The enhanced production of mast cell-derived IL-13 in the presence of IL-1 is a novel observation. Coactivation of m…
Regulation of hematopoietic growth factor production by genetically modified human bone marrow stromal cells expressing interleukin-1beta antisense R…
2001
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a major role in the regulation of bone marrow stromal cell function and hematopoiesis. It is known to induce secretion of the hematopoietic growth factors granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), IL-6, and IL-8 as well as IL-1 itself in stromal cells. We investigated the role of IL-1beta-mediated growth factor production in the human stromal cell line L88/5. Using liposome-mediated DNA transfer, two stromal cell transfectants that constitutively express IL-1beta antisense (AS) RNA were generated. Expression of IL-1beta AS RNA and IL-1beta RNA was determined by RT-PCR. The stromal cell transfectants were strongly impaired …
Dendritic cells in liver injury and fibrosis: shortcomings and promises.
2013
SummaryThe phenotype and function of liver dendritic cells (LDCs) are poorly understood. This Snapshot summarizes our current knowledge on LDCs in the healthy and injured liver, and their role in fibrosis progression and reversal. It also draws attention to various pitfalls in the current experimental design and conclusions based on available data.
Evolución histórica de la autonomía de la voluntad en el Derecho matrimonial
2021
The autonomy of the will or power of self-regulation of relationships derived from marriage is a subject that is on the rise and that we can qualify as novel. More and more couples are opting to proceed making use of this power to self-regulate both personal and property effects derived from their union or its future breakdown. In the Spanish legal system there is no precise and complete regulation of the subject, without all these figures being equally legislated, although all are admitted without any doubt by jurisprudence. In recent years there has been an evolution of Family law, traditionally very reluctant to give space to self-regulation. Our Constitution marks a turning point by cha…
Control of cytomegalovirus in bone marrow transplantation chimeras lacking the prevailing antigen-presenting molecule in recipient tissues rests prim…
1998
ABSTRACT Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during the transient immunodeficiency after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) develops into disease unless antiviral CD8 T cells are restored in due course. Histoincompatibility between donor and recipient is associated with increased risk. Complications may include a rejection response against the foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and a lack of antiviral control resulting from a misfit between donor-derived T cells and the antigenic viral peptides presented in recipient tissues. Here we have established a murine model of CMV disease after experimental BMT performed across a single MHC class I disparity. Specifically, BALB/c bon…
Intrathymic tolerance induction: determination of tolerance to class II major histocompatibility complex antigens in maturing T lymphocytes by a bone…
1987
Two new experimental approaches were established to analyse the influence of the thymus on tolerance induction to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens: The aim of the first experiment was to perform successful transplantation of adult allogeneic thymus tissue into nude mice, an attempt that has been unsuccessful in the past. Tolerance for the MHC genotype of a prospective thymus graft recipient (A) was induced in mice of strain B by injection of (A X B) splenocytes during the neonatal period. Adult thymic tissue obtained from these allogeneic donors (B) were grafted into the nude mice of strain A. The allogeneic thymus was accepted by the nude mice and immunoreconstitution was ac…