Search results for "Matematica"

showing 10 items of 1637 documents

Effective temperature and scaling laws of polarized quantum vortex bundles

2011

Abstract An effective non-equilibrium temperature is defined for (locally) polarized and dense turbulent superfluid vortex bundles, related to the average energy of the excitations (Kelvin waves) of vortex lines. In the quadratic approximation of the excitation energy in terms of the wave amplitude A, a previously known scaling relation between amplitude and wavelength k of Kelvin waves in polarized bundles, namely A ∝ k − 1 / 2 , follows from the homogeneity of the effective temperature. This result is analogous to that of the well-known equipartition result in equilibrium systems.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsNon-equilibrium temperature Turbulent superfluids Vortices Scaling laws Non-equilibrium thermodynamicsQuantum vortexGeneral Physics and AstronomyNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsVortexsymbols.namesakeWavelengthAmplitudesymbolsKelvin waveScalingSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaEquipartition theorem
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Refrigeration of an Array of Cylindrical Nanosystems by Flowing Superfluid Helium

2016

We consider the refrigeration of an array of heat-dissipating cylindrical nanosystems as a simplified model of computer refrigeration. We explore the use of He II as cooling fluid, taking into account forced convection and heat conduction. The main conceptual and practical difficulties arise in the calculation of the effective thermal conductivity. Since He II does not follow Fourier’s law, the effective geometry-dependent conductivity must be extracted from a more general equation for heat transfer. Furthermore, we impose the restrictions that the maximum temperature along the array should be less than (Formula presented.) transition temperature and that quantum turbulence is avoided, in o…

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsQuantum turbulenceRefrigerationConductivityCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal conduction01 natural sciencesNanorefrigerationAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasForced convectionThermal conductivityThermal conductivity0103 physical sciencesHeat transferGeneral Materials ScienceSuperfluid helium010306 general physicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaSuperfluid helium-4Journal of Low Temperature Physics
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Effective thermal conductivity of helium II: from Landau to Gorter–Mellink regimes

2014

The size-dependent and flux-dependent effective thermal conductivity of narrow channels filled with He II is analyzed. The classical Landau evaluation of the effective thermal conductivity of quiescent He II is extended to describe the transition to fully turbulent regime, where the heat flux is proportional to the cubic root of the temperature gradient (Gorter–Mellink regime). To do so, we use an expression for the quantum vortex line density L in terms of the heat flux considering the influence of the walls. From it, and taking into account the friction force of normal component against the vortices, we compute the effective thermal conductivity as a function of the heat flux, and we disc…

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsTurbulenceApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsQuantum vortexGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementHeat transfer coefficientThermal conductionThermal diffusivityThermal conductivitychemistryHeat fluxThermal conductivity Liquid helium Quantum turbulence Micropores Quantized vorticesSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaHelium
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Contribution of the normal component to the thermal resistance of turbulent liquid helium

2015

Previous results for the velocity profile of the normal component of helium II in counterflow are used to evaluate the viscous contribution to the effective thermal resistance. It turns out that such a contribution becomes considerably higher than the usual Landau estimate, because in the presence of vortices, the velocity profile is appreciably different from the Poiseuille parabolic profile. Thus, a marked increase in the contribution of the normal component to the thermal resistance with respect to the viscous Landau estimate does not necessarily imply that the normal component is turbulent. Furthermore, we examine the influence of a possible slip flow along the walls when the radius of …

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsTurbulenceApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsThermal resistanceQuantum turbulenceGeneral Physics and AstronomyRadiusHagen–Poiseuille equationVortexPhysics::Fluid DynamicsThermal resistance – Superfluid helium – Quantum turbulence – Normal componentBoundary value problemSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaSuperfluid helium-4Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik
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Vortex diffusion and vortex-line hysteresis in radial quantum turbulence

2014

Abstract We study the influence of vortex diffusion on the evolution of inhomogeneous quantized vortex tangles. A simple hydrodynamical model to describe inhomogeneous counterflow superfluid turbulence is used. As an illustration, we obtain solutions for these effects in radial counterflow of helium II between two concentric cylinders at different temperatures. The vortex diffusion from the inner hotter cylinder to the outer colder cylinder increases the vortex length density everywhere as compared with the non-diffusive situation. The possibility of hysteresis in the vortex line density under cyclical variations of the heat flow is explored.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsTurbulenceHysteresisVortex diffusionQuantum turbulenceStarting vortexCondensed Matter PhysicsQuantum turbulenceElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsVortexVortex ringCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityVortex stretchingHorseshoe vortexQuantized vorticeBurgers vortexElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaPhysica B: Condensed Matter
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A non self-adjoint model on a two dimensional noncommutative space with unbound metric

2013

We demonstrate that a non self-adjoint Hamiltonian of harmonic oscillator type defined on a two-dimensional noncommutative space can be diagonalized exactly by making use of pseudo-bosonic operators. The model admits an antilinear symmetry and is of the type studied in the context of PT-symmetric quantum mechanics. Its eigenvalues are computed to be real for the entire range of the coupling constants and the biorthogonal sets of eigenstates for the Hamiltonian and its adjoint are explicitly constructed. We show that despite the fact that these sets are complete and biorthogonal, they involve an unbounded metric operator and therefore do not constitute (Riesz) bases for the Hilbert space $\L…

PhysicsCoupling constantPure mathematicsQuantum PhysicsHilbert spacepseudo-bosoniFOS: Physical sciencesMathematical Physics (math-ph)Noncommutative geometryAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakeOperator (computer programming)Biorthogonal systemQuantum mechanicssymbolsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)QASettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaSelf-adjoint operatorEigenvalues and eigenvectorsMathematical Physics
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Second sound near lambda transition in presence of quantum vortices

2018

In this paper, temperature waves (also known as second sound) are consid- ered, with their respective coupling with waves in the order parameter describing the transition from normal phase to superfluid phase, and with waves in the vortex length density. We analyze the coupling between these three kinds of waves and explore its relevance in situations not far from the lambda transition. In particular, the expres- sions for the second sound speed and second sound attenuation are explicitly obtained within some approximations, showing the influence of the order parameter and the vortex length density, which is decisive close to the transition.

PhysicsCouplingApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsAttenuation010102 general mathematicsPhase (waves)Lambda transition01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasVortexSuperfluidityQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciencesSecond sound0101 mathematicsQuantumSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaSecond sound Lambda phase transition Superfluid helium Quantum vortices
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Cantor Dust Zone Plates

2013

In this paper we use the Cantor Dust to design zone plates based on a two-dimensional fractal for the first time. The pupil function that defines the coined Cantor Dust Zone Plates (CDZPs) can be written as a combination of rectangle functions. Thus CDZPs can be considered as photon sieves with rectangular holes. The axial irradiances produced by CDZPs of different fractal orders are obtained analitically and experimentally, analyzing the influence of the fractality. The transverse irradiance patterns generated by this kind of zone plates has been also investigated.

PhysicsDiffractionPhotonFresnel zoneLightbusiness.industryEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalPHOTON SIEVESAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCantor setEquipment Failure AnalysisTransverse planeRefractometryFractalOpticsFISICA APLICADAPupil functionScattering RadiationComputer SimulationAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsRectanglebusinessMATEMATICA APLICADA
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Nearly-integrable dissipative systems and celestial mechanics

2010

The influence of dissipative effects on classical dynamical models of Celestial Mechanics is of basic importance. We introduce the reader to the subject, giving classical examples found in the literature, like the standard map, the Hénon map, the logistic mapping. In the framework of the dissipative standard map, we investigate the existence of periodic orbits as a function of the parameters. We also provide some techniques to compute the breakdown threshold of quasi-periodic attractors. Next, we review a simple model of Celestial Mechanics, known as the spin-orbit problem which is closely linked to the dissipative standard map. In this context we present the conservative and dissipative KA…

PhysicsDynamical systems theoryKolmogorov–Arnold–Moser theoremGeneral Physics and AstronomyStandard mapInvariant (physics)Three-body problemCelestial mechanicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)Classical mechanicsAttractorIntegrable systemsDissipative systemGeneral Materials ScienceMaterials Science (all)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryMaterials Science (all); Physics and Astronomy (all); Physical and Theoretical ChemistrySettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaThe European Physical Journal Special Topics
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On the estimation and detection of the Rees Sciama effect

2017

Maps of the Rees–Sciama (RS) effect are simulated using the parallel N-body code, hydra, and a run-time ray-tracing procedure. A method designed for the analysis of small, square cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps is applied to our RS maps. Each of these techniques has been tested and successfully applied in previous papers. Within a range of angular scales, our estimate of the RS angular power spectrum due to variations in the peculiar gravitational potential on scales smaller than 42/h megaparsecs is shown to be robust. An exhaustive study of the redshifts and spatial scales relevant for the production of RS anisotropy is developed for the first time. Results from this study demonstra…

PhysicsEstimationnumerical [Methods]Methods: numericalLarge-scale structure of Universe010308 nuclear & particles physicsCosmic background radiationAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsCosmic background radiation01 natural sciencesSpace and Planetary Sciencetheory [Cosmology]0103 physical sciencesCosmology: theoryMATEMATICA APLICADA010303 astronomy & astrophysics
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