Search results for "Mathematica"

showing 10 items of 7971 documents

Subwavelength beams with polarization singularities in plasmonic metamaterials

2014

We investigated the diffraction behavior of plasmonic Bessel beams propagating in metal-dielectric stratified materials and wire media. Our results reveal various regimes in which polarization singularities are selectively maintained. This polarization-pass effect can be controlled by appropriately setting the filling factor of the metallic inclusions and its internal periodic distribution. These results may have implications in the development of devices at the nanoscale level for manipulation of polarization and angular momentum of cylindrical vector beams. This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the project TEC2011-29120-C05-01.

DiffractionPhysicsAngular momentumFilling factorbusiness.industryCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakeOpticsArtificially engineered materialssymbolsGravitational singularitybusinessNanoscopic scaleDiffractionMathematical PhysicsBessel functionPlasmonSingular opticsÓptica
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Experimental demonstration of hyperbolic patterns.

2008

We give experimental evidence of hyperbolic patterns in a nonlinear optical resonator. Such transverse patterns are a new kind of 2D dissipative structures, characterized by a distribution of the active modes along hyperbolas in the transverse wave-vector domain, in contrast with the usual (elliptic) patterns where the active modes distribute along rings. The hyperbolic character is realized by manipulating diffraction inside the optical resonator with cylindrical lenses. We also investigate theoretically hyperbolic patterns in corresponding Swift-Hohenberg models.

DiffractionPhysicsTransverse planeResonatorClassical mechanicslawOptical cavityDissipative systemGeneral Physics and AstronomyPattern formationDomain (mathematical analysis)Hyperbolalaw.inventionPhysical review letters
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Fast and robust phase-shift estimation in two-dimensional structured illumination microscopy.

2019

A method of determining unknown phase-shifts between elementary images in two-dimensional Structured Illumination Microscopy (2D-SIM) is presented. The proposed method is based on the comparison of the peak intensity of spectral components. These components correspond to the inherent structured illumination spectral content and the residual compo- nent that appears from wrongly estimated phase-shifts. The estimation of the phase-shifts is carried out by finding the absolute maximum of a function defined as the normalized peak intensity difference in the Fourier domain. This task is performed by an optimization method providing a fast estimation of the phase-shift. The algorithm stability an…

DiffractionStatistical NoisePhotonStructured illumination microscopy02 engineering and technologySignal-To-Noise RatioResidual01 natural sciencesPhase DeterminationMathematical and Statistical TechniquesFluorescence MicroscopyImage Processing Computer-AssistedFourier Anàlisi deMathematicsMicroscopyMultidisciplinaryFourier AnalysisPhysicsApplied MathematicsSimulation and ModelingStatisticsQRLight Microscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGaussian NoiseMicroscòpiaFourier analysisPhysical SciencessymbolsCrystallographic TechniquesMedicine0210 nano-technologyAlgorithmDiffractionElementary ParticlesAlgorithmsResearch ArticleImaging TechniquesComputationScienceResearch and Analysis Methods010309 opticssymbols.namesakeRobustness (computer science)0103 physical sciencesParticle PhysicsPhotonsMicroscopy FluorescenceGaussian noiseWavesMathematicsImatges Processament Tècniques digitalsPLoS ONE
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Accommodation in human eye models: a comparison between the optical designs of Navarro, Arizona and Liou-Brennan.

2017

Aim To simulate and compare accommodation in accommodative and non-accommodative human eye models. Methods Ray tracing and optical design program was used. Three eye models were designed and studied: the Navarro, the Arizona and the Liou-Brennan. In order to make the Navarro and Liou-Brennan models to accommodate, specific geometric parameters of the models were altered with values that were chosen from the literature. For the Arizona model, its' mathematical functions for accommodation were used for the same accommodative demands. The simulation included four distances of accommodation for each model: at infinity, 3, 1 and 0.5 m.The results were diffraction images of a "letter F" for graph…

DiffractionZernike polynomialsbusiness.industryMathematical analysis01 natural sciences010309 opticsRoot mean squareOphthalmologysymbols.namesakemedicine.anatomical_structureBasic ResearchOptical transfer function0103 physical sciencessymbolsAiry diskMedicineOptometryHuman eyeRay tracing (graphics)businessAccommodationInternational journal of ophthalmology
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Orthotropic plate dynamics by a novel meshfree method

2003

Publisher Summary This chapter deals with a novel meshfree method for the dynamic analysis of orthotropic plates under the Kirchhoff small deflection theory. The approach starts from a modified function whose stationarity conditions lead to the meshfree plate dynamic model through a discretization process—based on the use of orthotropic plate static fundamental solutions. The resolving system obtained is characterized by—frequency independent stiffness and mass matrices, which preserve the symmetry and definiteness properties of the continuum. Moreover, these operators are computed by boundary integrals of regular kernels. The method allows the application of standard numerical routines ava…

Diffuse element methodDiscretizationContinuum (measurement)Plate theoryMathematical analysismedicineStiffnessMeshfree methodsGeometrymedicine.symptomOrthotropic materialFinite element methodMathematics
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Instantaneous hourly and daily radiation on tilted surfaces

1991

A simple model to evaluate the irradiance incident on tilted surfaces of various orientations is proposed in this paper. It is based on the knowledge of the monthly daily average values of global and diffuse radiation on horizontal surfaces and their distributions over a period of a day. These distributions are approximated by a modified Gaussian expression with two parameters, which take into account the morning-to-afternoon asymmetries. Integrating the irradiance over a period of an hour or a day, values of monthly hourly average and daily on variously oriented surfaces have been calculated for the locations of Barcelona, Genoa, and Montreal. The calculated values are generally in good ag…

Diffuse radiationMathematical modelMeteorologyRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentGaussianIrradianceRadiationAtmospheric sciencesCalculation methodssymbols.namesakesymbolsEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials ScienceMonthly averageSolar Energy
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Instantaneous distribution of global and diffuse radiation on horizontal surfaces

1991

Abstract The aim of this paper is to obtain a general expression for estimating both the instantaneous global and diffuse radiations on horizontal surfaces from the respective daily values. The proposed expression is a modified Gaussian distribution with two parameters which take into account its width and the asymmetries between morning and afternoon hours. The performance of the method has been tested by comparing the theoretical hourly results with the experimental data of six actinometric stations with different geographical location and climatic conditions. The comparison has shown that the method here proposed is accurate for both the diffuse and global radiation.

Diffuse radiationMathematical modelRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentGaussianRadiationGeodesyLatitudesymbols.namesakeDistribution (mathematics)symbolsGaussian functionGeneral Materials ScienceGeneral expressionRemote sensingSolar Energy
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Transfer matrix method applied to the parallel assembly of sound absorbing materials

2013

International audience; The transfer matrix method (TMM) is used conventionally to predict the acoustic properties of laterally infinite homogeneous layers assembled in series to form a multilayer. In this work, a parallel assembly process of transfer matrices is used to model heterogeneous materials such as patchworks, acoustic mosaics, or a collection of acoustic elements in parallel. In this method, it is assumed that each parallel element can be modeled by a 2 × 2 transfer matrix, and no diffusion exists between elements. The resulting transfer matrix of the parallel assembly is also a 2 × 2 matrix that can be assembled in series with the classical TMM. The method is validated by compar…

Diffusion (acoustics)Materials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsDiscretizationSeries (mathematics)AcousticsTransfer-matrix method (optics)Mathematical analysis02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesTransfer matrixFinite element methodMatrix (mathematics)[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)0103 physical sciences0210 nano-technology010301 acousticsParallel array
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Levy targeting and the principle of detailed balance

2011

We investigate confining mechanisms for Lévy flights under premises of the principle of detailed balance. In this case, the master equation of the jump-type process admits a transformation to the Lévy-Schrödinger semigroup dynamics akin to a mapping of the Fokker-Planck equation into the generalized diffusion equation. This sets a correspondence between above two stochastic dynamical systems, within which we address a (stochastic) targeting problem for an arbitrary stability index μ ε (0,2) of symmetric Lévy drivers. Namely, given a probability density function, specify the semigroup potential, and thence the jump-type dynamics for which this PDF is actually a long-time asymptotic (target) …

Diffusion equationDynamical systems theoryMovementNormal DistributionFOS: Physical sciencesDiffusionOscillometryMaster equationFOS: MathematicsApplied mathematicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematical PhysicsMathematicsStochastic ProcessesModels StatisticalStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)SemigroupStochastic processPhysicsProbability (math.PR)Mathematical analysisCauchy distributionDetailed balanceMathematical Physics (math-ph)Markov ChainsTransformation (function)ThermodynamicsAlgorithmsMathematics - Probability
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Generalized Wiener Process and Kolmogorov's Equation for Diffusion induced by Non-Gaussian Noise Source

2005

We show that the increments of generalized Wiener process, useful to describe non-Gaussian white noise sources, have the properties of infinitely divisible random processes. Using functional approach and the new correlation formula for non-Gaussian white noise we derive directly from Langevin equation, with such a random source, the Kolmogorov's equation for Markovian non-Gaussian process. From this equation we obtain the Fokker-Planck equation for nonlinear system driven by white Gaussian noise, the Kolmogorov-Feller equation for discontinuous Markovian processes, and the fractional Fokker-Planck equation for anomalous diffusion. The stationary probability distributions for some simple cas…

Diffusion equationStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)General MathematicsMathematical analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesOrnstein–Uhlenbeck processCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterGaussian random fieldLangevin equationsymbols.namesakeStochastic differential equationAdditive white Gaussian noiseGaussian noisesymbolsProcess and Kolmogorov'sSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Fokker–Planck equationCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematics
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