Search results for "Mathematica"

showing 10 items of 7971 documents

How fair is an equitable distribution?

2006

Envy is a rather complex and irrational emotion. In general, it is very difficult to obtain a measure of this feeling, but in an economical context envy becomes an observable which can be measured. When various individuals compare their possessions, envy arises due to the inequality of their different allocations of commodities and different preferences. In this paper we show that an equitable distribution of goods does not guarantee a state of fairness between agents and in general that envy cannot be controlled by tuning the distribution of goods.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysics - Physics and SocietyInequalitybusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciencesDistribution (economics)Context (language use)Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Condensed Matter PhysicsFOS: Economics and businessFeelingIrrational numberEconomicsEconomic modelQuantitative Finance - General FinanceGeneral Finance (q-fin.GN)businessMathematical economicsmedia_commonPhysica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
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Structure and evolution of a European Parliament via a network and correlation analysis

2016

We present a study of the network of relationships among elected members of the Finnish parliament, based on a quantitative analysis of initiative co-signatures, and its evolution over 16 years. To understand the structure of the parliament, we constructed a statistically validated network of members, based on the similarity between the patterns of initiatives they signed. We looked for communities within the network and characterized them in terms of members' attributes, such as electoral district and party. To gain insight on the nested structure of communities, we constructed a hierarchical tree of members from the correlation matrix. Afterwards, we studied parliament dynamics yearly, wi…

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysics - Physics and SocietyOperations researchComplex systemBipartite system; Community detection; Complex systems; Correlation analysis; Networks; Social systems; Statistics and Probability; Condensed Matter PhysicsParliamentmedia_common.quotation_subjectOpposition (politics)FOS: Physical sciencesNetworkPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasElectoral districtPolitical science0103 physical sciencesSimilarity (psychology)Correlation analysiRegional scienceSocial system010306 general physicsmedia_commonStructure (mathematical logic)GovernmentCommunity detectionCondensed Matter PhysicsBipartite systemQuantitative analysis (finance)Social system
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Damping in quantum love affairs

2011

In a series of recent papers we have used an operatorial technique to describe stock markets and, in a different context, {\em love affairs} and their time evolutions. The strategy proposed so far does not allow any dumping effect. In this short note we show how, within the same framework, a strictly non periodic or quasi-periodic effect can be introduced in the model by describing in some details a linear Alice-Bob love relation with damping.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysics - Physics and SocietyQuantum PhysicsQuantum tools for classical systemsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsCondensed Matter PhysicsSocial systemDumpingEconomicsChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Settore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaMathematical economicsQuantumStock (geology)Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
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Anderson localization problem: An exact solution for 2-D anisotropic systems

2007

Our previous results [J.Phys.: Condens. Matter 14 (2002) 13777] dealing with the analytical solution of the two-dimensional (2-D) Anderson localization problem due to disorder is generalized for anisotropic systems (two different hopping matrix elements in transverse directions). We discuss the mathematical nature of the metal-insulator phase transition which occurs in the 2-D case, in contrast to the 1-D case, where such a phase transition does not occur. In anisotropic systems two localization lengths arise instead of one length only.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsAnderson localizationPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciencesDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter PhysicsTransverse planeMatrix (mathematics)Exact solutions in general relativityRandom systemsAnisotropyPhase diagramMathematical physicsPhysica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
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Coulomb-interacting billiards in circular cavities

2013

We apply a molecular dynamics scheme to analyze classically chaotic properties of a two-dimensional circular billiard system containing two Coulomb-interacting electrons. As such, the system resembles a prototype model for a semiconductor quantum dot. The interaction strength is varied from the noninteracting limit with zero potential energy up to the strongly interacting regime where the relative kinetic energy approaches zero. At weak interactions the bouncing maps show jumps between quasi-regular orbits. In the strong-interaction limit we find an analytic expression for the bouncing map. Its validity in the general case is assessed by comparison with our numerical data. To obtain a more …

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsChaoticGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsElectronKinetic energyPotential energyMolecular dynamicsClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationPhase spaceCoulombDynamical billiardsMathematical PhysicsJournal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical
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Microscopic approach to a class of 1D quantum critical models

2015

Starting from the finite volume form factors of local operators, we show how and under which hypothesis the $c=1$ free boson conformal field theory in two-dimensions emerges as an effective theory governing the large-distance regime of multi-point correlation functions in a large class of one dimensional massless quantum Hamiltonians. In our approach, in the large-distance critical regime, the local operators of the initial model are represented by well suited vertex operators associated to the free boson model. This provides an effective field theoretic description of the large distance behaviour of correlation functions in 1D quantum critical models. We develop this description starting f…

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsClass (set theory)Finite volume methodStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Field (physics)Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsConformal field theory[PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th][PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)Matrix (mathematics)Theoretical physicsModeling and SimulationEffective field theory[NLIN.NLIN-SI]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems [nlin.SI]Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)QuantumMathematical PhysicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsBoson
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Zeno dynamics and high-temperature master equations beyond secular approximation

2013

Complete positivity of a class of maps generated by master equations derived beyond the secular approximation is discussed. The connection between such class of evolutions and physical properties of the system is analyzed in depth. It is also shown that under suitable hypotheses a Zeno dynamics can be induced because of the high temperature of the bath.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsClass (set theory)Quantum PhysicsSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciDynamics (mechanics)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsQuantum NoiseCalculation methodsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaConnection (mathematics)Quantum Zeno effect; Quantum NoiseClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationMaster equationQuantum Zeno effectZeno's paradoxesQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Mathematical Physics
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Quantization of the elastic modes in an isotropic plate

2006

We quantize the elastic modes in a plate. For this, we find a complete, orthogonal set of eigenfunctions of the elastic equations and we normalize them. These are the phonon modes in the plate and their specific forms and dispersion relations are manifested in low temperature experiments in ultra-thin membranes.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials SciencePhononIsotropyGeneral Physics and AstronomyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsEigenfunctionQuasi particlesPhysics::Fluid DynamicsQuantization (physics)Classical mechanicsModeling and SimulationDispersion relationMathematical Physics
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Casimir-Polder forces, boundary conditions and fluctuations

2008

We review different aspects of the atom-atom and atom-wall Casimir-Polder forces. We first discuss the role of a boundary condition on the interatomic Casimir-Polder potential between two ground-state atoms, and give a physically transparent interpretation of the results in terms of vacuum fluctuations and image atomic dipoles. We then discuss the known atom-wall Casimir-Polder force for ground- and excited-state atoms, using a different method which is also suited for extension to time-dependent situations. Finally, we consider the fluctuation of the Casimir-Polder force between a ground-state atom and a conducting wall, and discuss possible observation of this force fluctuation.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum PhysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsInteratomic potentialInterpretation (model theory)Condensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterCasimir effectDipoleClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationExcited stateAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCasimir-Polder forcesBoundary value problemPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Mathematical PhysicsQuantum fluctuationOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Decoherence in a fermion environment: Non-Markovianity and Orthogonality Catastrophe

2013

We analyze the non-Markovian character of the dynamics of an open two-level atom interacting with a gas of ultra-cold fermions. In particular, we discuss the connection between the phenomena of orthogonality catastrophe and Fermi edge singularity occurring in such a kind of environment and the memory-keeping effects which are displayed in the time evolution of the open system.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum PhysicsQuantum decoherenceTime evolutionFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsFermionOpen system (systems theory)orthogonality catastrophe markovianitySettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaTheoretical physicsSingularityQuantum mechanicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Mathematical PhysicsFermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
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