Search results for "Mathematica"

showing 10 items of 7971 documents

Les études hédoniques soutiennent-elles une valeur verte élevée dans le bâtiment ? Une réponse par la méta-analyse

2018

International audience; La place majeure occupée par le secteur du bâtiment dans la consommation d'énergie (40%) et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre (1/3 des émissions) explique le développement du débat scientifique axé sur la réduction de l'impact environnemental du bâtit et sur ses leviers. Ces dernières années ont notamment vu croitre une littérature considérable relative à la disposition à payer du public pour les bâtiments « verts » labélisés par des écolabels, cette « valeur verte » étant estimée dans la grande majorité des études via des modèles hédoniques. Dans cet article, nous proposons d'offrir une synthèse de ces résultats dans le cadre d'une méta-analyse portant sur plus …

certificationmodèle hédoniqueefficacité énergétique[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinancebâtimentJEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q4 - Energy/Q.Q4.Q48 - Government Policy[SHS]Humanities and Social ScienceslabelsJEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics[SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies[SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studiesMéta-analyseJEL: R - Urban Rural Regional Real Estate and Transportation Economics/R.R5 - Regional Government AnalysisJEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General/C.C1.C19 - OtherJEL: H - Public Economics/H.H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies/H.H5.H54 - Infrastructures • Other Public Investment and Capital Stock[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
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Theoretical Studies of the Reactivity of Cyclopentadienyl Nitrosyl Alkyl Species of Molybdenum and Tungsten

2000

International audience; The reactivity differences observed experimentally for Cp*W(NO)(CH2CMe3)2 and CpMo(NO)(CH2CMe3)2 have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) techniques. The reactions of the CpW(NO)(CH2) model complex with NH3 and CH4 are more exothermic and have lower activation barriers than the corresponding processes for CpMo(NO)(CH2). The η2(C,H) methane complex CpM(NO)(CH2)(CH4) (M = Mo, W) can undergo two competitive processes:  C−H activation to afford CpM(NO)(CH3)2 or loss of methane. The relative barrier heights are almost identical for M = W, whereas the formation of CpM(NO)(CH3)2 is significantly disfavored for M = Mo. The activation of C−H and N−H bonds …

chemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementTungstenLigands010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesHydrocarbonsAlkyls0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryInorganic ChemistryMathematical methodsCyclopentadienyl complexMetalsMolybdenumPolymer chemistry[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryReactivity (chemistry)Density functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlkylOrganometallics
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Modified Donnan phenomena in polyaniline with poly(vinyl sulphonate) chains

1993

We develop a physical model, based on the modified Donnan phenomena ideas introduced previously by the authors, to describe the acid doping of the conducting polymer polyaniline. The theory is motivated by the experimental work of Asturias et al. [Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 95, 1381 (1991)]. Good agreement between theory and experiment is found.

chemistry.chemical_classificationConductive polymerMathematical ModelsChemistryDopingElectric ConductorsModificationsChainsGeneral Physics and AstronomySulfonic acidUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaMathematical Models ; Polyanilines ; Modifications ; Donnan Theory ; Electric Conductors ; Doped Materials ; Chains ; Organic Acidschemistry.chemical_compoundOrganic AcidsChemical engineeringPolyanilinePolymer chemistryDonnan TheoryExperimental workPolyanilinesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDoped Materials:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]The Journal of Chemical Physics
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GLASS TRANSITION IN THIN POLYMER FILMS: A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY

2002

A melt of nonentangled polymer chains confined between two smooth and purely repulsive walls is studied for various film thicknesses D and temperatures. The dynamics of the supercooled films is qualitatively identical to that of the bulk, but the walls lead to faster relaxation. To quantify this observation we analyze the data by the mode-coupling theory (MCT) of the glass transition. We find that the critical temperature of MCT, Tc(D), decreases with D and that T - Tc(D) is a relevant temperature scale. The static structure factor and dynamic correlation functions at intermediate times coincide with bulk behavior when compared to the same T - Tc(D).

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsScale of temperatureGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPolymerComputer Science ApplicationsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicsComputational Theory and MathematicschemistryRelaxation (physics)Glass transitionSupercoolingStructure factorMathematical PhysicsInternational Journal of Modern Physics C
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Simulation of Dense Polymer Systems in Two and Three Dimensions

1991

Dense polymer systems are modeled by self- and mutually avoiding walks on lattices. Both simple models where the step length is one lattice spacing and more complicated models where the step length is distinctly longer and may fluctuate (“bond fluctuation model”) are discussed, and it is shown that the computer simulation of such models gives useful insight to understand the thermodynamic phase behavior and the relaxational dynamics of dense polymer solutions and polymer melts. The huge demands in computing power needed for a successful simulation of such systems can be covered by parallel computers such as the multitransputer facility of the University of Mainz.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePhase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPolymerStride lengthComputer Science ApplicationsPower (physics)Lattice constantComputational Theory and MathematicschemistrySimple (abstract algebra)Statistical physicsBond fluctuation modelMathematical PhysicsInternational Journal of Modern Physics C
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Monte Carlo simulation of the glass transition in polymer melts: An application of MCT

1995

Abstract This paper reviews the results of a large scale Monte Carlo simulation for the dynamics of a supercooled polymer melt. The dynamics of the melt was studied by means of the time evolution of the incoherent intermediate scattering function φs q(t), which was monitored over seven decades in time. In an intermediate time window it is possible to describe the decay of φs q(t) quantitatively in the framework of mode-coupling theory, provided the extended version of the theory is used.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceScale (ratio)Applied MathematicsMonte Carlo methodTime evolutionGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsTransportationStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPolymerCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryTime windowsDynamic Monte Carlo methodStatistical physicsGlass transitionSupercoolingMathematical PhysicsTransport Theory and Statistical Physics
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KINETICS OF POLYMER EJECTION FROM CAPSID CONFINEMENT: SCALING CONSIDERATIONS AND COMPUTER EXPERIMENT

2012

We investigate the ejection dynamics of a flexible polymer chain out of confined environment by means of scaling considerations and Monte Carlo simulations. Situations of this kind arise in different physical contexts, including a flexible synthetic polymer partially confined in a nanopore and a viral genome partially ejected from its capsid. In the case of cylindric confinement the entropic driving force which pulls the chain out of the pore is argued to be constant once a few persistent lengths are out of the pore. We demonstrate that in this case the ejection dynamics follows a [Formula: see text]-law with elapsed time t. The mean ejection time τ depends nonmonotonically on chain length…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMonte Carlo methodDynamics (mechanics)General Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsNanotechnologyPolymerMechanicsComputer experimentComputer Science ApplicationsNanoporeComputational Theory and MathematicschemistryChain (algebraic topology)Constant (mathematics)ScalingMathematical PhysicsInternational Journal of Modern Physics C
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A fast Monte Carlo algorithm for studying bottle-brush polymers

2011

Obtaining reliable estimates of the statistical properties of complex macromolecules by computer simulation is a task that requires high computational effort as well as the development of highly efficient simulation algorithms. We present here an algorithm combining local moves, the pivot algorithm, and an adjustable simulation lattice box for simulating dilute systems of bottle-brush polymers with a flexible backbone and flexible side chains under good solvent conditions. Applying this algorithm to the bond fluctuation model, very precise estimates of the mean square end-to-end distances and gyration radii of the backbone and side chains are obtained, and the conformational properties of s…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMathematical optimizationComputer scienceMonte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolymerCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterGyrationchemistryHardware and ArchitectureLattice (order)Side chainSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Statistical physicsStructure factorScalingMonte Carlo algorithmComputer Physics Communications
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Structure and Dynamics of NaCl in Methanol. A Molecular Dynamics Study

1991

Abstract A recently developed flexible three-site model for methanol was employed to perform a Molecular Dynamics simulation of a 0.6 molal NaCl solution. The ion-methanol and ion-ion potential functions were derived from ab initio calculations. The structural properties of the solution are discussed on the basis of radial and angular distribution functions, the orientation of the methanol molecules, and their geometrical arrangement in the solvation shells of the ions. The dynamical properties of the solution - like self-diffusion coefficients, hindered translations, librations, and internal vibrations of the methanol molecules - are calculated from various autocorrelation functions.

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryChemistryDynamics (mechanics)General Physics and AstronomyRadial distribution functionMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundChemical physicsChemical solutionMethanolPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInorganic compoundAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsMathematical PhysicsZeitschrift für Naturforschung A
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Amorphous Complexes MM (EDTA) (H2O)4 · 2H2O . LAXS and XPS Investigation of the Local Structure

1988

Abstract The amorphous MM (EDTA)(H2O)4·2 H2O (M = Ni,Co) substances are made up of infinite chains of alternating "hydrated" and "chelated" octahedra bridged by carboxylate groups: M(H2O)4 - M(EDTA)-M(H2O)4-... . XPS enables to ascertain that the coordination of the EDTA ligand in the amorphous phase is identical to that in the crystalline phase, i.e., hexacoordination toward the M atom and two bridging groups in the Ni -Ni, Co - Co compounds.

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryChemistryPhotoemission spectroscopyGeneral Physics and AstronomyAmorphous solidchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyTransition metalX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyDiamineX-ray crystallographyMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInorganic compoundMathematical PhysicsZeitschrift für Naturforschung A
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