Search results for "Mathematical physics"

showing 10 items of 2687 documents

Oscillations of ECR ion source beam current along the beam transport of the JYFL K-130 cyclotron

2013

A versatile measurement system has been developed to study the temporal characteristics of ion beams in millisecond time scale. The system is composed of data acquisition hardware and LabVIEW based measurement and analysis program. The measurement system and ion beam current oscillation results measured with a 14 GHz AECR-U type ion source at University of Jyv"askyl"a, Department of Physics (JYFL), are presented. It is shown that the ion beams exhibit periodic current fluctuations at frequencies from 100 Hz to 1.5 kHz with amplitudes ranging from 1 to 65 percent of the average beam current. It is argued that these oscillations originate from the ion source plasma since their characteristics…

PhysicsIon beamCyclotronIon gun01 natural sciencesIon sourceFourier transform ion cyclotron resonance010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionBeamlinePhysics::Plasma Physicslaw0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Accelerator Physicsddc:610Atomic physics010306 general physicsInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsIon cyclotron resonanceBeam (structure)Journal of Instrumentation
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A Remark on an Overdetermined Problem in Riemannian Geometry

2016

Let (M, g) be a Riemannian manifold with a distinguished point O and assume that the geodesic distance d from O is an isoparametric function. Let \(\varOmega \subset M\) be a bounded domain, with \(O \in \varOmega \), and consider the problem \(\varDelta _p u = -1\ \mathrm{in}\ \varOmega \) with \(u=0\ \mathrm{on}\ \partial \varOmega \), where \(\varDelta _p\) is the p-Laplacian of g. We prove that if the normal derivative \(\partial _{\nu }u\) of u along the boundary of \(\varOmega \) is a function of d satisfying suitable conditions, then \(\varOmega \) must be a geodesic ball. In particular, our result applies to open balls of \(\mathbb {R}^n\) equipped with a rotationally symmetric metr…

PhysicsIsoparametric functionComparison principleGeodesic010102 general mathematicsRotationally symmetric spacesRiemannian manifoldRiemannian geometry01 natural sciencesRotationally symmetric spaceCombinatoricsOverdetermined systemsymbols.namesakeBounded function0103 physical sciencessymbolsComparison principle; Isoparametric functions; Overdetermined PDE; Riemannian Geometry; Rotationally symmetric spaces; Mathematics (all)Isoparametric functionsMathematics (all)Overdetermined PDEMathematics::Differential Geometry010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsRiemannian Geometry
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Charge breeding rare isotopes for high precision mass measurements: challenges and opportunities

2013

Ion charge breeding for Penning-trap mass spectrometry has been established as providing a precision increase that scales linearly with the charge state of the ion. Fast and efficient charge breeding is a precondition for the application of this approach to rare isotopes. However, in view of low yields and short half-lives the precision boost is partly compromised by unavoidable ion losses inherent to the charge breeding process. The mass spectrometer TRIUMFs ion trap for atomic and nuclear science is pioneering this field by coupling a Penning trap and an electron beam ion trap to the rare-isotope beam facility ISAC at TRIUMF. Here we present simulations that calculate and maximize the eff…

PhysicsIsotopeCharge (physics)Condensed Matter PhysicsPenning trapMass spectrometryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonNuclear physicsPhysics::Plasma PhysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsIon trapNuclideAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentMathematical PhysicsElectron beam ion trapPhysica Scripta
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Hyperfine structure andg-factor measurements in ion traps

1995

We report about measurements on ground-state hyperfine splitting constants of stable Eu+ isotopes in radio frequency ion traps and experiments on the electronicg-factor of Ba+ in a Penning trap. From the precision of both measurements, which ranges between 3·10−6 and 5·10−7, we conclude that precise determination of the differential Bohr-Weisskopf effect in chains of isotopes will be possible in the near future.

PhysicsIsotopePhysics::Atomic PhysicsRadio frequencyAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsPenning trapHyperfine structureMathematical PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonPhysica Scripta
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Nucleon isovector charges and twist-2 matrix elements with Nf=2+1 dynamical Wilson quarks

2019

We present results from a lattice QCD study of nucleon matrix elements at vanishing momentum transfer for local and twist-2 isovector operator insertions. Computations are performed on gauge ensembles with nonperturbatively improved ${N}_{f}=2+1$ Wilson fermions, covering four values of the lattice spacing and pion masses down to ${M}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}\ensuremath{\approx}200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$. Several source-sink separations (typically $\ensuremath{\sim}1.0$ to $\ensuremath{\sim}1.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{fm}$) allow us to assess excited-state contamination. Results on individual ensembles are obtained from simultaneous two-state fits across all observables and all available sou…

PhysicsIsovector010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeLattice field theoryLattice QCD01 natural sciencesPionLattice constantLattice (order)0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentTwist010306 general physicsNucleonMathematical physicsPhysical Review D
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All Master Integrals for Three-Jet Production at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order

2019

We evaluate analytically all previously unknown nonplanar master integrals for massless five-particle scattering at two loops, using the differential equations method. A canonical form of the differential equations is obtained by identifying integrals with constant leading singularities, in D space-time dimensions. These integrals evaluate to Q-linear combinations of multiple polylogarithms of uniform weight at each order in the expansion in the dimensional regularization parameter and are in agreement with previous conjectures for nonplanar pentagon functions. Our results provide the complete set of two-loop Feynman integrals for any massless 2→3 scattering process, thereby opening up a ne…

PhysicsJet (mathematics)530 PhysicsDifferential equationGeneral Physics and Astronomy10192 Physics Institute01 natural sciences3100 General Physics and AstronomyMassless particleDimensional regularizationSingularity0103 physical sciencesGravitational singularityCanonical form010306 general physicsConstant (mathematics)Mathematical physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Direct determination of the mass of28Si as a contribution to a new definition of the kilogram

1993

The mass of 28Si has been determined to be m(28Si) = 27.976 926 57(30) u by comparing the cyclotron frequencies of the singly charged ions 12C+, 12C+3 and 28Si+ in a Penning trap mass spectrometer. The experimental technique and the setup are described. The obtained accuracy as well as possible improvements are discussed. Our measurements are related to current efforts to base the kilogram on atomic properties by using an almost perfect single crystal of silicon.

PhysicsKilogramCyclotronCondensed Matter PhysicsPenning trapMass spectrometryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAtomic massIonlaw.inventionlawIsotopes of siliconAtomic physicsSingle crystalMathematical PhysicsPhysica Scripta
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Effect of nonequilibrium charge screening in A + B ? 0 bimolecular reactions in condensed matter

1993

The formalism of many-particle densities developed earlier by the present authors is applied to the study of the cooperative effects in the kinetics of bimolecular A +B--*0 reactions between oppositely charged particles (reactants). It is shown that unlike the Debye-Hiickel theory in statistical physics, here charge screening has essentially a nonequilibrium character. For the asymmetric mobility of reactants (DA=0, D~4:0) the joint spatial distribution of similar immobile reactants A reveals at short distances a singular character associated with their aggregation. The relevant reaction rate does not approach a steady state (as it does in the symmetric case, DA=DB), but increases infinitel…

PhysicsKineticsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsStatistical mechanicsChemical reactionCharged particleChemical kineticsReaction rateChemical physicsQuantum mechanicsElectric potentialPhysics::Chemical PhysicsMathematical PhysicsJournal of Statistical Physics
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Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser–Renormalization-Group Analysis of Stability in Hamiltonian Flows

1997

We study the stability and breakup of invariant tori in Hamiltonian flows using a combination of Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) theory and renormalization-group techniques. We implement the scheme numerically for a family of Hamiltonians quadratic in the actions to analyze the strong coupling regime. We show that the KAM iteration converges up to the critical coupling at which the torus breaks up. Adding a renormalization consisting of a rescaling of phase space and a shift of resonances allows us to determine the critical coupling with higher accuracy. We determine a nontrivial fixed point and its universality properties.

PhysicsKolmogorov–Arnold–Moser theoremFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyTorusRenormalization groupFixed pointNonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsUniversality (dynamical systems)Renormalizationsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsPhase spacesymbolsChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Mathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematical physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Laser spectroscopy of the (1s(2)2s2p) P-3(0)-P-3(1) level splitting in Be-like krypton

2011

15th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions, HCI2010, Fudan Univ, Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA, AUG 29-SEP 03, 2010; International audience; Heavy few-electron ions, such as He-, Li- and Be-like ions, are ideal atomic systems to study the effects of correlation, relativity and quantum electrodynamics. Very recently, theoretical and experimental studies of these species achieved a considerable improvement in accuracy. Be-like ions are interesting because their first excited state, i.e. (1s(2)2s2p) P-3(0), has an almost infinite lifetime (tau(0)) in the absence of nuclear spin (I), as it can only decay by a two-photon E1M1 transition to the (1s(2)2s(2)) S-1(0) ground stat…

PhysicsKryptonchemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasIonTheory of relativitychemistryExcited state0103 physical sciencesIdeal (ring theory)Atomic physics[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]010306 general physicsSpectroscopyGround stateMathematical PhysicsStorage ring
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